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Biofilms: Formation, drug resistance and alternatives to conventional approaches

Ruba Mirghani, Tania Saba, Hebba Khaliq and 11 more

AIMS Microbiology · 2022 · Review

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2022019

Abstract

<abstract> <p>Biofilms are aggregates of bacteria, in most cases, which are resistant usually to broad-spectrum antibiotics in their typical concentrations or even in higher doses. A trend of increasing multi-drug resistance in biofilms, which are responsible for emerging life-threatening nosocomial infections, is becoming a serious problem. Biofilms, however, are at various sensitivity levels to environmental factors and are versatile in infectivity depending on virulence factors. This review presents the fundamental information about biofilms: formation, antibiotic resistance, impacts on public health and alternatives to conventional approaches. Novel developments in micro-biosystems that help reveal the new treatment tools by sensing and characterization of biofilms will also be discussed. Understanding the formation, structure, physiology and properties of biofilms better helps eliminate them by the usage of appropriate antibiotics or their control by novel therapy approaches, such as anti-biofilm molecules, effective gene editing, drug-delivery systems and probiotics.</p> </abstract>

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Cited by papers we hold 1

Microbial Biofilm: A Review on Formation, Infection, Antibiotic Resistance, Control Measures, and Innovative Treatment · 2023
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