Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities

Abstract

Thirty years ago, Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex. Since then, optical vortices have been widely studied, inspired by the hydrodynamics sharing similar mathematics. Akin to a fluid vortex with a central flow singularity, an optical vortex beam has a phase singularity with a certain topological charge, giving rise to a hollow intensity distribution. Such a beam with helical phase fronts and orbital angular momentum reveals a subtle connection between macroscopic physical optics and microscopic quantum optics. These amazing properties provide a new understanding of a wide range of optical and physical phenomena, including twisting photons, spin–orbital interactions, Bose–Einstein condensates, etc., while the associated technologies for manipulating optical vortices have become increasingly tunable and flexible. Hitherto, owing to these salient properties and optical manipulation technologies, tunable vortex beams have engendered tremendous advanced applications such as optical tweezers, high-order quantum entanglement, and nonlinear optics. This article reviews the recent progress in tunable vortex technologies along with their advanced applications.

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Cited by papers we hold 4

• Towards higher-dimensional structured light · 2022
  No notice
• Application of optical orbital angular momentum to rotation measurements · 2021
  Not checked
• Optical meta-waveguides for integrated photonics and beyond · 2021
  No notice
• Spin-decoupled metasurface for simultaneous detection of spin and orbital angular momenta via momentum transformation · 2021
  No notice

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