Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Current Understanding and Clinical Status

Abstract

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a rare heterogeneous subset of pluripotent stromal cells that can be isolated from many different adult tissues that exhibit the potential to give rise to cells of diverse lineages. Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of MSCs in tissue repair and regeneration. After culture expansion and in vivo administration, MSCs home to and engraft to injured tissues and modulate the inflammatory response through synergistic downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of both prosurvival and antiinflammatory factors. In addition, MSCs possess remarkable immunosuppressive properties, suppressing T-cell, NK cell functions, and also modulating dentritic cell activities. Tremendous progress has been made in preclinical studies using MSCs, including the ability to use allogeneic cells, which has driven the application of MSCs toward the clinical setting. This review highlights our current understanding into the biology of MSCs with particular emphasis on the cardiovascular and renal applications, and provides a brief update on the clinical status of MSC-based therapy.

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Cited by papers we hold 25

• Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing and its treatments · 2024
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• Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment: accomplices of tumor progression? · 2023
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• Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer therapy resistance: recent advances and therapeutic potential · 2022
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• Clinical Trials Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Exponentially Increasing: Where are We in Recent Years? · 2021
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• Mesenchymal stem cells as a double-edged sword in tumor growth: focusing on MSC-derived cytokines · 2021
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• Exosomes from adipose‐derived stem cells and application to skin wound healing · 2021
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• Novel insights into MSC-EVs therapy for immune diseases · 2019
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• Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutics for Inflammatory Lung Diseases · 2018
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• Preconditioning influences mesenchymal stem cell properties in vitro and in vivo · 2018
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• Human colorectal cancer-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote colorectal cancer progression through IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling · 2018
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• A map of human circular RNAs in clinically relevant tissues · 2017
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• Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect against cisplatin-induced ovarian granulosa cell stress and apoptosis in vitro · 2017
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• Secreted trophic factors of mesenchymal stem cells support neurovascular and musculoskeletal therapies · 2016
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• Human Mesenchymal stem cells program macrophage plasticity by altering their metabolic status via a PGE2-dependent mechanism · 2016
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• Paracrine Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Adipose Tissue in Bone Regeneration · 2014
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• Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing of Severe Burned Rats · 2014
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• Transplante de células mesenquimais de tecido adiposo na cardiopatia chagásica crônica experimental · 2013
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• Mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord matrix, adipose tissue and bone marrow exhibit different capability to suppress peripheral blood B, natural killer and T cells · 2013
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• Direct transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the knee joints of Hartley strain guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis · 2012
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• Functional Comparison of Chronological and In Vitro Aging: Differential Role of the Cytoskeleton and Mitochondria in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells · 2012
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and 5 more

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