Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Current Understanding and Clinical Status

Abstract

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a rare heterogeneous subset of pluripotent stromal cells that can be isolated from many different adult tissues that exhibit the potential to give rise to cells of diverse lineages. Numerous studies have reported beneficial effects of MSCs in tissue repair and regeneration. After culture expansion and in vivo administration, MSCs home to and engraft to injured tissues and modulate the inflammatory response through synergistic downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and upregulation of both prosurvival and antiinflammatory factors. In addition, MSCs possess remarkable immunosuppressive properties, suppressing T-cell, NK cell functions, and also modulating dentritic cell activities. Tremendous progress has been made in preclinical studies using MSCs, including the ability to use allogeneic cells, which has driven the application of MSCs toward the clinical setting. This review highlights our current understanding into the biology of MSCs with particular emphasis on the cardiovascular and renal applications, and provides a brief update on the clinical status of MSC-based therapy.

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107. 107.

     Xu W, Zhang X, Qian H, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells from adult human bone marrow differentiate into a cardiomyocyte phenotype in vitro. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2004;229:623-631.

     Not in our library10.1177/153537020422900706

108. 108.

     Shake JG, Gruber PJ, Baumgartner WA, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell implantation in a swine myocardial infarct model: Engraftment and functional effects. Ann Thorac Surg. 2002;73:1919-1925.

     Not in our library10.1016/s0003-4975(02)03517-8

109. 109.

     Nagaya N, Kangawa K, Itoh T, et al. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2005;112:1128-1135.

     Not in our library10.1161/circulationaha.104.500447

110. 110.

     Jiang CY, Gui C, He AN, et al. Optimal time for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in rats with myocardial infarction. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2008;9:630-637.

     Not in our library10.1631/jzus.b0820004

111. 111.

     Price MJ, Chou CC, Frantzen M, et al. Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy early after reperfused acute myocardial infarction improves left ventricular function and alters electrophysiologic properties. Int J Cardiol. 2006;111:231-239.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.07.036

112. 112.

     Wang CC, Chen CH, Lin WW, et al. Direct intramyocardial injection of mesenchymal stem cell sheet fragments improves cardiac functions after infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2008;77:515-524.

     Not in our library10.1093/cvr/cvm046

113. 113.

     Dohmann HF, Perin EC, Takiya CM, et al. Transendocardial autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell injection in ischemic heart failure: Postmortem anatomicopathologic and immunohistochemical findings. Circulation. 2005;112:521-526.

     Not in our library10.1161/circulationaha.104.499178

114. 114.

     Perin EC, Silva GV, Assad JA, et al. Comparison of intracoronary and transendocardial delivery of allogeneic mesenchymal cells in a canine model of acute myocardial infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2008;44:486-495.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.yjmcc.2007.09.012

115. 115.

     Katritsis DG, Sotiropoulou PA, Karvouni E, et al. Transcoronary transplantation of autologous mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitors into infarcted human myocardium. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2005;65:321-329.

     Not in our library10.1002/ccd.20406

116. 116.

     Abdel-Latif A, Bolli R, Tleyjeh IM, et al. Adult bone marrow-derived cells for cardiac repair: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:989-997.

     Not in our library10.1001/archinte.167.10.989

117. 117.

     Chen SL, Fang WW, Ye F, et al. Effect on left ventricular function of intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:92-95.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.03.034

118. 118.

     Chen SL, Fang WW, Qian J, et al. Improvement of cardiac function after transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Chin Med J (Engl). 2004;117:1443-1448.

     Not in our library

119. 119.

     Wollert KC, Meyer GP, Lotz J, et al. Intracoronary autologous bone-marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: The BOOST randomised controlled clinical trial. Lancet. 2004;364:141-148.

     Not in our library10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16626-9

120. 120.

     Dai W, Hale SL, Martin BJ, et al. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in postinfarcted rat myocardium: short- and long-term effects. Circulation. 2005;112:214-223.

     Not in our library10.1161/circulationaha.104.527937

121. 121.

     Noiseux N, Gnecchi M, Lopez-Ilasaca M, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Akt dramatically repair infarcted myocardium and improve cardiac function despite infrequent cellular fusion or differentiation. Mol Ther. 2006;14:840-850.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.05.016

122. 122.

     Kinnaird T, Stabile E, Burnett MS, et al. Marrow-derived stromal cells express genes encoding a broad spectrum of arteriogenic cytokines and promote in vitro and in vivo arteriogenesis through paracrine mechanisms. Circ Res. 2004;94:678-685.

     Not in our library10.1161/01.res.0000118601.37875.ac

123. 123.

     Hung SC, Pochampally RR, Chen SC, et al. Angiogenic effects of human multipotent stromal cell conditioned medium activate the PI3K-Akt pathway in hypoxic endothelial cells to inhibit apoptosis, increase survival, and stimulate angiogenesis. Stem Cells. 2007;25:2363-2370.

     Not in our library10.1634/stemcells.2006-0686

124. 124.

     Macmillan ML, Blazar BR, DeFor TE, et al. Transplantation of ex-vivo culture-expanded parental haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells to promote engraftment in pediatric recipients of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood: Results of a phase I-II clinical trial. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2009;43:447-454.

     Not in our library10.1038/bmt.2008.348

125. 125.

     Le Blanc K, Samuelsson H, Gustafsson B, et al. Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells to enhance engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells. Leukemia. 2007;21:1733-1738.

     Not in our library10.1038/sj.leu.2404777

126. 126.

     Lazarus HM, Koc ON, Devine SM, et al. Cotransplantation of HLA-identical sibling culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells in hematologic malignancy patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2005;115:389-398.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.02.001

127. 127.

     Gonzalo-Daganzo R, Regidor C, et al. Results of a pilot study on the use of third-party donor mesenchymal stromal cells in cord blood transplantation in adults. Cytotherapy. 2009;11:278-288.

     Not in our library10.1080/14653240902807018

Cited by papers we hold 25

• Recent advances in molecular mechanisms of skin wound healing and its treatments · 2024
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• Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment: accomplices of tumor progression? · 2023
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• Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in cancer therapy resistance: recent advances and therapeutic potential · 2022
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• Clinical Trials Based on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are Exponentially Increasing: Where are We in Recent Years? · 2021
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• Mesenchymal stem cells as a double-edged sword in tumor growth: focusing on MSC-derived cytokines · 2021
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• Exosomes from adipose‐derived stem cells and application to skin wound healing · 2021
  No notice
• Novel insights into MSC-EVs therapy for immune diseases · 2019
  No notice
• Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutics for Inflammatory Lung Diseases · 2018
  No notice
• Preconditioning influences mesenchymal stem cell properties in vitro and in vivo · 2018
  No notice
• Human colorectal cancer-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote colorectal cancer progression through IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling · 2018
  No notice
• A map of human circular RNAs in clinically relevant tissues · 2017
  No notice
• Exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells protect against cisplatin-induced ovarian granulosa cell stress and apoptosis in vitro · 2017
  No notice
• Secreted trophic factors of mesenchymal stem cells support neurovascular and musculoskeletal therapies · 2016
  No notice
• Human Mesenchymal stem cells program macrophage plasticity by altering their metabolic status via a PGE2-dependent mechanism · 2016
  No notice
• Paracrine Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Adipose Tissue in Bone Regeneration · 2014
  Corrected
• Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transplantation Promotes Cutaneous Wound Healing of Severe Burned Rats · 2014
  No notice
• Transplante de células mesenquimais de tecido adiposo na cardiopatia chagásica crônica experimental · 2013
  Not checked
• Mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord matrix, adipose tissue and bone marrow exhibit different capability to suppress peripheral blood B, natural killer and T cells · 2013
  No notice
• Direct transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the knee joints of Hartley strain guinea pigs with spontaneous osteoarthritis · 2012
  No notice
• Functional Comparison of Chronological and In Vitro Aging: Differential Role of the Cytoskeleton and Mitochondria in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells · 2012
  No notice

and 5 more

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