Morphometric Study of Proximal Femur and its Applications in Prosthesis Designing: A Cross-sectional Study from Western India

Introduction: The hip joint is subjected to daily stresses as it bears the weight of the upper body. Osteoarthritis of the hip may cause irreversible damage. Proximal geometry of the femur, like neck-shaft angle and torsion is important in designing prostheses for a specific population. Most of the prostheses manufacturers follow the Western parameters as there is a scarcity of data in the Indian context. Aim: To analyse the normal Neck-Shaft Angle (NSA) and torsion of the femur in the Indian population. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in a total of 300 dried femur (150 right and 150 left) of unknown age and gender without any defect or damage during a period of 2.6 years (June 2019 to December 2021) in Sumandeep Vidyapeeth University, Gujarat, India. The NSA and the angle of femoral torsion was measured using a Goniometer. Mean and standard deviation were calculated. Student’s t-tests was applied to ascertain the statistical difference between right and left femur. Results: The average NSA was 128.55±6.99°. The mean values were 130.70±6.03° and 126.41±7.22° on right and left sides respectively with statistically significant difference (p-value <0.0001). The average femoral torsion was found to be 16.43±2.34°. On the left side, it was 16.43±2.31° and 16.43±2.36° on the right side with No statistically significant difference was found between right and left femorae (p-value=1.00). Conclusion: The accuracy and success of the hip replacement surgery demands complete knowledge of the morphometry of the proximal femur which is highly specific among the races, region and gender. The present study provides the normal morphometry of the proximal femur of Indian population.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

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