PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF <italic>Spondias</italic>(Anacardiaceae)

<p>This paper describes the correlation between the phenolic composition and the molecular phylogenetic reconstruction of five <italic>Spondias</italic> species (Anacardiaceae). Two of these species (<italic>S. venulosa</italic> and <italic>Spondias</italic> sp.) occur in rainforest areas and the other three are widely distributed in Brazil (<italic>S. dulcis</italic>, <italic>S.mombin</italic>, and <italic>S. purpurea</italic>). The flavonoid enriched fraction of the <italic>S. venulosa</italic> leaf extract also underwent a chemical study. The results indicate that the presence of flavonol 3-<italic>O</italic>-glycosides are a synapomorphic character of the studied American <italic>Spondias</italic> and the production of rhamnetin 3-<italic>O</italic>-rutinoside is a synapomorphy of the Atlantic forest species. This is the first report of flavonoids in <italic>S. venulosa</italic>, an endemic species from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest.</p>

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