A correlation study regarding the AE index and ACE solar wind data for Alfvénic intervals using wavelet decomposition and reconstruction

The purpose of this study is to present a wavelet interactive filtering and reconstruction technique and apply this to the solar wind magnetic field components detected at the L1 Lagrange point ∼ 0.01 AU upstream of the Earth. These filtered interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) data are fed into a model to calculate a time series which we call AE^∗. This model was adjusted assuming that magnetic reconnection associated with southward-directed IMF <i>B</i>_<i>z</i> is the main mechanism transferring energy into the magnetosphere. The calculated AE^∗ was compared to the observed AE (auroral electrojet) index using cross-correlation analysis. The results show correlations as high as 0.90. Empirical removal of the high-frequency, short-wavelength Alfvénic component in the IMF by wavelet decomposition is shown to dramatically improve the correlation between AE^∗ and the observed AE index. It is envisioned that this AE^∗ can be used as the main input for a model to forecast relativistic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belts, which are delayed by ∼ 1 to 2 days from intense AE events.

Abstract licence: CC BY

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