Unified Weak Lensing Constraints on the Evolution of the Mass–X-Ray Luminosity Relation for Galaxy Clusters

Scaling relations between galaxy cluster properties are crucial for understanding cosmology and baryonic physics. Rigorous calibration of the M – L _X relation, employing weak lensing mass and consistent statistical methodology, is challenging due to heterogeneous cluster samples. The release of LEGACY imaging data introduced the possibility of unifying the cluster selection. We present the all-sky extension of the CODEX catalog based on LEGACY data and introduce a Bayesian framework for calibrating the X-ray luminosity–mass relation, derived for 100 clusters with weak lensing mass measurements. Using the X-ray luminosity estimates for those clusters from ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) data, we perform a power-law fit to the M – L _X relation. Furthermore, taking advantage of the recently released eROSITA data (eRASS1), we assess the impact of point source contamination on cluster fluxes for 42 clusters in the eRASS1 footprint. The RASS fit yields a slope of β = 0.75 ± 0.09, 1.7 σ lower than the best self-similar prediction, with marginal evidence for the redshift evolution of the normalization ( γ = 0.65 ± 0.43). As for the eRASS1 analysis, the slope is substantially steeper, β = 1.11 ± 0.15, and in further agreement with the prediction of self-similarity. No additional evolution is also seen ( γ = 0.004 ± 0.790). While our results provide the practical means for cosmological studies of both RASS and eRASS data, the link to cluster physics is much cleaner after the cluster flux contamination is reduced. We also analyzed the impact of the selection function on calibration, finding that its full modeling is essential.

Abstract licence: CC BY

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