Key for crossing the BBB with nanoparticles: the rational design

Abstract

Central nervous system diseases are a heavy burden on society and health care systems. Hence, the delivery of drugs to the brain has gained more and more interest. The brain is protected by the blood–brain barrier (BBB), a selective barrier formed by the endothelial cells of the cerebral microvessels, which at the same time acts as a bottleneck for drug delivery by preventing the vast majority of drugs to reach the brain. To overcome this obstacle, drugs can be loaded inside nanoparticles that can carry the drug through the BBB. However, not all particles are able to cross the BBB and a multitude of factors needs to be taken into account when developing a carrier system for this purpose. Depending on the chosen pathway to cross the BBB, nanoparticle material, size and surface properties such as functionalization and charge should be tailored to fit the specific route of BBB crossing.

References 187

1. 1.

   World Health Organization. The top 10 causes of death.

   Not in our library

2. 2.
   Regenerative Medicine Therapies for Targeting Neuroinflammation After Stroke · 2018

   Not checked
3. 3.

   Abbott N J, Rönnbäck L, Hansson E. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006;7:41-53.

   Not in our library10.1038/nrn1824

4. 4.

   Sweeney M D, Sagare A P, Zlokovic B V. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14:133-150.

   Not in our library10.1038/nrneurol.2017.188

5. 5.

   Abbott N J, Patabendige A A K, Dolman D E M, Yusof S R, Begley D J. Neurobiol Dis. 2010;37:13-25.

   Not in our library10.1016/j.nbd.2009.07.030

6. 6.

   Hawkins B T, Davis T P. Pharmacol Rev. 2005;57:173-185.

   Not in our library10.1124/pr.57.2.4

7. 7.

   Saraiva C, Praça C, Ferreira R, Santos T, Ferreira L, Bernardino L. J Controlled Release. 2016;235:34-47.

   Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.05.044

8. 8.

   Ballabh P, Braun A, Nedergaard M. Neurobiol Dis. 2004;16:1-13.

   Not in our library10.1016/j.nbd.2003.12.016

9. 9.

   Patel M M, Goyal B R, Bhadada S V, Bhatt J S, Amin A F. CNS Drugs. 2009;23:35-58.

   Not in our library10.2165/0023210-200923010-00003

10. 10.

    Chaichana K L, Pinheiro L, Brem H. Ther Delivery. 2015;6:353-369.

    Not in our library10.4155/tde.14.114

11. 11.

    Mistry A, Stolnik S, Illum L. Int J Pharm. 2009;379:146-157.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.06.019

12. 12.

    Bourganis V, Kammona O, Alexopoulos A, Kiparissides C. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2018;128:337-362.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.05.009

13. 13.
    Tailoring Formulations for Intranasal Nose-to-Brain Delivery: A Review on Architecture, Physico-Chemical Characteristics and Mucociliary Clearance of the Nasal Olfactory Mucosa · 2018

    No notice
14. 14.

    Erdő F, Bors L A, Farkas D, Bajza Á, Gizurarson S. Brain Res Bull. 2018;143:155-170.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.009

15. 15.

    Agrawal M, Saraf S, Saraf S, Antimisiaris S G, Chougule M B, Shoyele S A, Alexander A. J Controlled Release. 2018;281:139-177.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.05.011

16. 16.

    Pires P C, Santos A O. J Controlled Release. 2018;270:89-100.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.11.047

17. 17.

    Lochhead J J, Thorne R G. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2012;64:614-628.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.002

18. 18.

    Blanchette M, Fortin D, Nag S. Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in the Treatment of Brain Tumors. The Blood-Brain and Other Neural Barriers: Reviews and Protocols. 2011;447-463.

    Not in our library10.1007/978-1-60761-938-3_23

19. 19.

    Etame A B, Diaz R J, O'Reilly M A, Smith C A, Mainprize T G, Hynynen K, Rutka J T. Nanomedicine (N Y, NY, U S). 2012;8(7):1133-1142.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.nano.2012.02.003

20. 20.

    Bing K F, Howles G P, Qi Y, Palmeri M L, Nightingale K R. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2009;35:1298-1308.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2009.03.012

21. 21.

    Posadas I, Monteagudo S, Ceña V. Nanomedicine (London, U K). 2016;11:833-849.

    Not in our library10.2217/nnm.16.15

22. 22.

    European Commission. Definition - Nanomaterials.

    Not in our library

23. 23.

    Fattal E, Vauthier C. Drug Delivery: Nanoparticles. 2007;2:1183.

    Not in our library

24. 24.

    Kreuter J, Alyautdin R N, Kharkevich D A, Ivanov A A. Brain Res. 1995;674:171-174.

    Not in our library10.1016/0006-8993(95)00023-j

25. 25.

    Kreuter J. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2014;71:2-14.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.008

26. 26.

    Andrieux K, Couvreur P. Wiley Interdiscip Rev: Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2009;1:463-474.

    Not in our library10.1002/wnan.5

27. 27.

    Tapeinos C, Battaglini M, Ciofani G. J Controlled Release. 2017;264:306-332.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.033

28. 28.

    Ulbrich K, Knobloch T, Kreuter J. J Drug Targeting. 2011;19:125-132.

    Not in our library10.3109/10611861003734001

29. 29.

    Aghaie T, Jazayeri M H, Manian M, Khani L, Erfani M, Rezayi M, Ferns G A, Avan A. J Cell Biochem. 2019;120:2749-2755.

    Not in our library10.1002/jcb.27415

30. 30.

    Shevtsov M A, Nikolaev B P, Yakovleva L Y, Marchenko Y Y, Dobrodumov A V, Mikhrina A L, Martynova M G, Bystrova O A, Yakovenko I V, Ischenko A M. Int J Nanomed. 2014;9:273-287.

    Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s55118

31. 31.

    Sanchez-Covarrubias L, Slosky L M, Thompson B J, Davis T P, Ronaldson P T. Curr Pharm Des. 2014;20:1422-1449.

    Not in our library10.2174/13816128113199990463

32. 32.

    Banks W A, Owen J B, Erickson M A. Pharmacol Ther. 2012;136:82-93.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.006

33. 33.
    Selective expression of the large neutral amino acid transporter at the blood–brain barrier · 1999

    Not checked
34. 34.

    Zhang Z, Zhan C, Gao H, Gao X. Receptor-Mediated Transportation through BBB. Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System. 2019;105-128.

    Not in our library10.1016/b978-0-12-814001-7.00005-6

35. 35.

    Kim R B. Drug Metab Rev. 2002;34:47-54.

    Not in our library10.1081/dmr-120001389

36. 36.

    Mahringer A, Ott M, Reimold I, Reichel V, Fricker G. Curr Pharm Des. 2011;17:2762-2770.

    Not in our library10.2174/138161211797440221

37. 37.

    Miller D S. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2010;31:246-254.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.tips.2010.03.003

38. 38.

    Chen R, Zhao X, Hu K, Gao H, Gao X. Efflux Pump Inhibition to Enhance Brain Targeting Delivery. Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System. 2019;185-196.

    Not in our library10.1016/b978-0-12-814001-7.00008-1

39. 39.
    Intracellular transport and regulation of transcytosis across the blood–brain barrier · 2018

    No notice
40. 40.
    Transcytosis to Cross the Blood Brain Barrier, New Advancements and Challenges · 2019

    No notice
41. 41.

    Jones A R, Shusta E V. Pharm Res. 2007;24:1759-1771.

    Not in our library10.1007/s11095-007-9379-0

42. 42.

    Lajoie J M, Shusta E V. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2015;55:613-631.

    Not in our library10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124852

43. 43.

    Preston J E, Joan Abbott N, Begley D J, Davis T P. Transcytosis of Macromolecules at the Blood–Brain Barrier. Advances in Pharmacology. 2014;71:147-163.

    Not in our library10.1016/bs.apha.2014.06.001

44. 44.

    Gao H, Yang Z, Zhang S, Pang Z, Jiang X. J Drug Targeting. 2014;22:450-459.

    Not in our library10.3109/1061186x.2014.886038

45. 45.

    Hervé F, Ghinea N, Scherrmann J-M. AAPS J. 2008;10:455-472.

    Not in our library10.1208/s12248-008-9055-2

46. 46.

    Lu W. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012;13:2340-2348.

    Not in our library10.2174/138920112803341851

47. 47.

    Zhu X, Jin K, Huang Y, Pang Z, Gao H, Gao X. Brain Drug Delivery by Adsorption-Mediated Transcytosis. Brain Targeted Drug Delivery System. 2019;159-183.

    Not in our library10.1016/b978-0-12-814001-7.00007-x

48. 48.

    Bickel U, Yoshikawa T, Pardridge W M. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2001;46:247-279.

    Not in our library10.1016/s0169-409x(00)00139-3

49. 49.

    Kreuter J, Petrov V E, Kharkevich D A, Alyautdin R N. J Controlled Release. 1997;49:81-87.

    Not in our library10.1016/s0168-3659(97)00061-8

50. 50.

    Kreuter J, Ramge P, Petrov V, Hamm S, Gelperina S E, Engelhardt B, Alyautdin R, von Briesen H, Begley D J. Pharm Res. 2003;20:409-416.

    Not in our library10.1023/a:1022604120952

51. 51.

    Lück M. Plasmaproteinadsorption Als Möglicher Schlüsselfaktor Für Eine Kontrollierte Arzneistoffapplikation Mit Partikulären Trägern. 1997.

    Not in our library

52. 52.

    Kreuter J, Shamenkov D, Petrov V, Ramge P, Cychutek K, Koch-Brandt C, Alyautdin R. J Drug Targeting. 2002;10:317-325.

    Not in our library10.1080/10611860290031877

53. 53.

    Ambruosi A, Gelperina S, Khalansky A, Tanski S, Theisen A, Kreuter J. J Microencapsulation. 2006;23:582-592.

    Not in our library10.1080/02652040600788080

54. 54.

    Kreuter J. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2004;4:484-488.

    Not in our library10.1166/jnn.2003.077

55. 55.

    Petri B, Bootz A, Khalansky A, Hekmatara T, Müller R, Uhl R, Kreuter J, Gelperina S. J Controlled Release. 2007;117:51-58.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.10.015

56. 56.

    Gelperina S, Maksimenko O, Khalansky A, Vanchugova L, Shipulo E, Abbasova K, Berdiev R, Wohlfart S, Chepurnova N, Kreuter J. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2010;74:157-163.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.09.003

57. 57.

    Tahara K, Miyazaki Y, Kawashima Y, Kreuter J, Yamamoto H. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011;77:84-88.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.11.002

58. 58.

    Ren T, Xu N, Cao C, Yuan W, Yu X, Chen J, Ren J. J Biomater Sci, Polym Ed. 2009;20:1369-1380.

    Not in our library10.1163/092050609x12457418779185

59. 59.

    Raudszus B, Partikel K, Mulac D, Langer K. Mater Today: Proc. 2017;4:S193-S199.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matpr.2017.09.186

60. 60.

    Chen Y-C, Hsieh W-Y, Lee W-F, Zeng D-T. J Biomater Appl. 2013;27:909-922.

    Not in our library10.1177/0885328211429495

61. 61.

    Zensi A, Begley D, Pontikis C, Legros C, Mihoreanu L, Büchel C, Kreuter J. J Drug Targeting. 2010;18:842-848.

    Not in our library10.3109/1061186x.2010.513712

62. 62.

    Kreuter J, Hekmatara T, Dreis S, Vogel T, Gelperina S, Langer K. J Controlled Release. 2007;118:54-58.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.12.012

63. 63.

    Kratzer I, Wernig K, Panzenboeck U, Bernhart E, Reicher H, Wronski R, Windisch M, Hammer A, Malle E, Zimmer A, et al. J Controlled Release. 2007;117:301-311.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.11.020

64. 64.

    Michaelis K, Hoffmann M M, Dreis S, Herbert E, Alyautdin R N, Michaelis M, Kreuter J, Langer K. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006;317:1246-1253.

    Not in our library10.1124/jpet.105.097139

65. 65.
    Brain-targeted delivery of resveratrol using solid lipid nanoparticles functionalized with apolipoprotein E · 2016

    No notice
66. 66.

    Dal Magro R, Ornaghi F, Cambianica I, Beretta S, Re F, Musicanti C, Rigolio R, Donzelli E, Canta A, Ballarini E, et al. J Controlled Release. 2017;249:103-110.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.01.039

67. 67.

    Bana L, Minniti S, Salvati E, Sesana S, Zambelli V, Cagnotto A, Orlando A, Cazzaniga E, Zwart R, Scheper W, et al. Nanomedicine (N Y, NY, U S). 2014;10:1583-1590.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.nano.2013.12.001

68. 68.

    Xin H, Jiang X, Gu J, Sha X, Chen L, Law K, Chen Y, Wang X, Jiang Y, Fang X. Biomaterials. 2011;32:4293-4305.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.02.044

69. 69.

    Kadari A, Pooja D, Gora R H, Gudem S, Kolapalli V R M, Kulhari H, Sistla R. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2018;132:168-179.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.09.012

70. 70.

    Ruan S, Yuan M, Zhang L, Hu G, Chen J, Cun X, Zhang Q, Yang Y, He Q, Gao H. Biomaterials. 2015;37:425-435.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.007

71. 71.

    Velasco-Aguirre C, Morales-Zavala F, Salas-Huenuleo E, Gallardo-Toledo E, Andonie O, Muñoz L, Rojas X, Acosta G, Sánchez-Navarro M, Giralt E, et al. Nanomedicine (London, U K). 2017;12:2503-2517.

    Not in our library10.2217/nnm-2017-0181

72. 72.

    Chang J, Paillard A, Passirani C, Morille M, Benoit J-P, Betbeder D, Garcion E. Pharm Res. 2012;29:1495-1505.

    Not in our library10.1007/s11095-011-0624-1

73. 73.

    Gupta Y, Jain A, Jain S K. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2007;59:935-940.

    Not in our library10.1211/jpp.59.7.0004

74. 74.

    Ulbrich K, Hekmatara T, Herbert E, Kreuter J. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009;71:251-256.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.08.021

75. 75.

    Cui Y, Xu Q, Chow P K-H, Wang D, Wang C-H. Biomaterials. 2013;34:8511-8520.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.075

76. 76.

    Zhao H, Bao X-j, Wang R-z, Li G-l, Gao J, Ma S-h, Wei J-j, Feng M, Zhao Y-j, Ma W-b, et al. Hum Gene Ther. 2011;22(2):207-215.

    Not in our library10.1089/hum.2010.111

77. 77.

    Chen X, Yuan M, Zhang Q, Ting Yang Y, Gao H, He Q. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2016;17(7):636-650.

    Not in our library10.2174/1389201017666160401144440

78. 78.

    Dixit S, Novak T, Miller K, Zhu Y, Kenney M E, Broome A-M. Nanoscale. 2015;7:1782-1790.

    Not in our library10.1039/c4nr04853a

79. 79.

    Praça C, Rai A, Santos T, Cristovão A C, Pinho S L, Cecchelli R, Dehouck M-P, Bernardino L, Ferreira L S. J Controlled Release. 2018;284:57-72.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.06.013

80. 80.

    Aktaş Y, Yemisci M, Andrieux K, Gürsoy R N, Alonso M J, Fernandez-Megia E, Novoa-Carballal R, Quiñoá E, Riguera R, Sargon M F, et al. Bioconjugate Chem. 2005;16:1503-1511.

    Not in our library10.1021/bc050217o

81. 81.

    Loureiro J A, Gomes B, Fricker G, Coelho M A N, Rocha S, Pereira M C. Colloids Surf, B. 2016;145:8-13.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.041

82. 82.

    Gu J, Al-Bayati K, Ho E A. Drug Delivery Transl Res. 2017;7:497-506.

    Not in our library10.1007/s13346-017-0368-5

83. 83.

    Tang X, Liang Y, Zhu Y, Xie C, Yao A, Chen L, Jiang Q, Liu T, Wang X, Qian Y, et al. Int J Nanomed. 2015;10:6227-6241.

    Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s84656

84. 84.

    Xia C-F, Boado R J, Zhang Y, Chu C, Pardridge W M. J Gene Med. 2008;10:306-315.

    Not in our library10.1002/jgm.1152

85. 85.

    Mourtas S, Lazar A N, Markoutsa E, Duyckaerts C, Antimisiaris S G. Eur J Med Chem. 2014;80:175-183.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.050

86. 86.

    Prades R, Guerrero S, Araya E, Molina C, Salas E, Zurita E, Selva J, Egea G, López-Iglesias C, Teixidó M, et al. Biomaterials. 2012;33:7194-7205.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.063

87. 87.

    Hu K, Shi Y, Jiang W, Han J, Huang S, Jiang X. Int J Pharm. 2011;415:273-283.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.05.062

88. 88.

    Hu K, Li J, Shen Y, Lu W, Gao X, Zhang Q, Jiang X. J Controlled Release. 2009;134:55-61.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.10.016

89. 89.

    Chen H, Tang L, Qin Y, Yin Y, Tang J, Tang W, Sun X, Zhang Z, Liu J, He Q. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2010;40:94-102.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ejps.2010.03.007

90. 90.

    Meng F, Asghar S, Gao S, Su Z, Song J, Huo M, Meng W, Ping Q, Xiao Y. Colloids Surf, B. 2015;134:88-97.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.025

91. 91.

    Valenza M, Chen J Y, Di Paolo E, Ruozi B, Belletti D, Ferrari Bardile C, Leoni V, Caccia C, Brilli E, Di Donato S, et al. EMBO Mol Med. 2015;7(12):1547-1564.

    Not in our library10.15252/emmm.201505413

92. 92.

    Tosi G, Vergoni A V, Ruozi B, Bondioli L, Badiali L, Rivasi F, Costantino L, Forni F, Vandelli M A. J Controlled Release. 2010;145:49-57.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.03.008

93. 93.

    Costantino L, Gandolfi F, Tosi G, Rivasi F, Vandelli M A, Forni F. J Controlled Release. 2005;108:84-96.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.07.013

94. 94.

    Tosi G, Vilella A, Veratti P, Belletti D, Pederzoli F, Ruozi B, Vandelli M A, Zoli M, Forni F. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2015;12:3672-3684.

    Not in our library10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00446

95. 95.

    Shilo M, Motiei M, Hana P, Popovtzer R. Nanoscale. 2014;6:2146-2152.

    Not in our library10.1039/c3nr04878k

96. 96.

    Guerrero S, Araya E, Fiedler J L, Arias J I, Adura C, Albericio F, Giralt E, Arias J L, Fernández M S, Kogan M J. Nanomedicine (London, U K). 2010;5:897-913.

    Not in our library10.2217/nnm.10.74

97. 97.

    Vio V, Riveros A L, Tapia-Bustos A, Lespay-Rebolledo C, Perez-Lobos R, Muñoz L, Pismante P, Morales P, Araya E, Hassan N, et al. Int J Nanomed. 2018;13:6839-6854.

    Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s175076

98. 98.

    Lockman P R, Oyewumi M O, Koziara J M, Roder K E, Mumper R J, Allen D D. J Controlled Release. 2003;93:271-282.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2003.08.006

99. 99.
    Pharmacokinetics, Brain Delivery, and Efficacy in Brain Tumor-Bearing Mice of Glutathione Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (2B3-101) · 2014

    No notice
100. 100.

     Lindqvist A, Rip J, Gaillard P J, Björkman S, Hammarlund-Udenaes M. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2013;10:1533-1541.

     Not in our library10.1021/mp300272a

101. 101.

     Li J, Zhang C, Li J, Fan L, Jiang X, Chen J, Pang Z, Zhang Q. Pharm Res. 2013;30:1813-1823.

     Not in our library10.1007/s11095-013-1025-4

102. 102.
     Curcumin Loaded-PLGA Nanoparticles Conjugated with Tet-1 Peptide for Potential Use in Alzheimer's Disease · 2012

     No notice
103. 103.

     Kim J-Y, Choi W I, Kim Y H, Tae G. Biomaterials. 2013;34:1170-1178.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.09.047

104. 104.

     Chen W, Zhan C, Gu B, Meng Q, Wang H, Lu W, Hou H. J Drug Targeting. 2011;19:228-234.

     Not in our library10.3109/1061186x.2010.492523

105. 105.

     Lee C, Hwang H S, Lee S, Kim B, Kim J O, Oh K T, Lee E S, Choi H-G, Youn Y S. Adv Mater (Weinheim, Ger). 2017;29:1605563.

     Not in our library10.1002/adma.201605563

106. 106.

     Rao K S, Reddy M K, Horning J L, Labhasetwar V. Biomaterials. 2008;29:4429-4438.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.08.004

107. 107.

     Cheng Y, Dai Q, Morshed R A, Fan X, Wegscheid M L, Wainwright D A, Han Y, Zhang L, Auffinger B, Tobias A L, et al. Small. 2014;10:5137-5150.

     Not in our library10.1002/smll.201400654

108. 108.

     Xia H, Gao X, Gu G, Liu Z, Hu Q, Tu Y, Song Q, Yao L, Pang Z, Jiang X, et al. Int J Pharm. 2012;436:840-850.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.07.029

109. 109.

     Tian X, Wei F, Wang T-x, Wang P, Lin X, Wang J, Wang D, Ren L. Int J Nanomed. 2012;7:1031-1041.

     Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s26541

110. 110.

     Lu W, Tan Y-Z, Hu K-L, Jiang X-G. Int J Pharm. 2005;295:247-260.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.01.043

111. 111.

     Parikh T, Bommana M M, Squillante E. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2010;74(3):442-450.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ejpb.2009.11.001

112. 112.

     Thöle M, Nobmann S, Huwyler J, Bartmann A, Fricker G. J Drug Targeting. 2002;10:337-344.

     Not in our library10.1080/10611860290031840

113. 113.

     Agarwal A, Majumder S, Agrawal H, Majumdar S, Agrawal G P. Curr Nanosci. 2011;7:71-80.

     Not in our library10.2174/157341311794480291

114. 114.

     Wang Z H, Wang Z Y, Sun C S, Wang C Y, Jiang T Y, Wang S L. Biomaterials. 2010;31:908-915.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.09.104

115. 115.
     Uptake Mechanism of ApoE-Modified Nanoparticles on Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells as a Blood-Brain Barrier Model · 2012

     No notice
116. 116.

     Panzenboeck U, Balazs Z, Sovic A, Hrzenjak A, Levak-Frank S, Wintersperger A, Malle E, Sattler W. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:42781-42789.

     Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m207601200

117. 117.

     Moos T, Morgan E H. J Neurochem. 2001;79:119-129.

     Not in our library10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00541.x

118. 118.

     Paterson J, Webster C I. Drug Discovery Today: Technol. 2016;20:49-52.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ddtec.2016.07.009

119. 119.

     Niewoehner J, Bohrmann B, Collin L, Urich E, Sade H, Maier P, Rueger P, Stracke J O, Lau W, Tissot A C, et al. Neuron. 2014;81:49-60.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.061

120. 120.

     Bien-Ly N, Yu Y J, Bumbaca D, Elstrott J, Boswell C A, Zhang Y, Luk W, Lu Y, Dennis M S, Weimer R M, et al. J Exp Med. 2014;211:233-244.

     Not in our library10.1084/jem.20131660

121. 121.
     A novel peptide defined through phage display for therapeutic protein and vector neuronal targeting · 2005

     Not checked
122. 122.

     Bazan J, Całkosiński I, Gamian A. Hum Vaccines Immunother. 2012;8:1817-1828.

     Not in our library10.4161/hv.21703

123. 123.

     Li J, Feng L, Fan L, Zha Y, Guo L, Zhang Q, Chen J, Pang Z, Wang Y, Jiang X, et al. Biomaterials. 2011;32:4943-4950.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.031

124. 124.

     Kumar P, Wu H, McBride J L, Jung K-E, Hee Kim M, Davidson B L, Kyung Lee S, Shankar P, Manjunath N. Nature. 2007;448:39-43.

     Not in our library10.1038/nature05901

125. 125.

     Oswald M, Geissler S, Goepferich A. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2017;14:2177-2196.

     Not in our library10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00158

126. 126.
     Combination of Cell-Penetrating Peptides with Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Application: A Review · 2019

     No notice
127. 127.

     Farkhani S M, Valizadeh A, Karami H, Mohammadi S, Sohrabi N, Badrzadeh F. Peptides. 2014;57:78-94.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.peptides.2014.04.015

128. 128.

     Goulatis L I, Shusta E V. Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2017;45:109-115.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.sbi.2016.12.005

129. 129.

     Chen Y, Liu L. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2012;64:640-665.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2011.11.010

130. 130.

     Gao K, Jiang X. Int J Pharm. 2006;310:213-219.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2005.11.040

131. 131.

     Oh N, Park J-H. Int J Nanomed. 2014;9(Suppl 1):51-63.

     Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s26592

132. 132.

     Zhang S, Li J, Lykotrafitis G, Bao G, Suresh S. Adv Mater (Weinheim, Ger). 2009;21:419-424.

     Not in our library10.1002/adma.200801393

133. 133.

     Jo D H, Kim J H, Lee T G, Kim J H. Nanomedicine (N Y, NY, U S). 2015;11:1603-1611.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.nano.2015.04.015

134. 134.

     De Jong W H, Hagens W I, Krystek P, Burger M C, Sips A J A M, Geertsma R E. Biomaterials. 2008;29:1912-1919.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.037

135. 135.

     Sonavane G, Tomoda K, Makino K. Colloids Surf, B. 2008;66:274-280.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.07.004

136. 136.

     Khlebtsov N, Dykman L. Chem Soc Rev. 2011;40:1647-1671.

     Not in our library10.1039/c0cs00018c

137. 137.

     Nicholson C, Hrabětová S. Biophys J. 2017;113:2133-2142.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.bpj.2017.06.052

138. 138.

     Syková E, Nicholson C. Physiol Rev. 2008;88:1277-1340.

     Not in our library10.1152/physrev.00027.2007

139. 139.

     Godin A G, Varela J A, Gao Z, Danné N, Dupuis J P, Lounis B, Groc L, Cognet L. Nat Nanotechnol. 2017;12:238-243.

     Not in our library10.1038/nnano.2016.248

140. 140.

     Begley D J. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4:147fs29-147fs29.

     Not in our library10.1126/scitranslmed.3004611

141. 141.

     Lin J, Zhang H, Chen Z, Zheng Y. ACS Nano. 2010;4:5421-5429.

     Not in our library10.1021/nn1010792

142. 142.

     Goodman C M, McCusker C D, Yilmaz T, Rotello V M. Bioconjugate Chem. 2004;15:897-900.

     Not in our library10.1021/bc049951i

143. 143.

     Lin J-Q, Zheng Y-G, Zhang H-W, Chen Z. Langmuir. 2011;27:8323-8332.

     Not in our library10.1021/la201086u

144. 144.

     Suk J S, Xu Q, Kim N, Hanes J, Ensign L M. Adv Drug Delivery Rev. 2016;99:28-51.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2015.09.012

145. 145.

     Liu Z, Gao X, Kang T, Jiang M, Miao D, Gu G, Hu Q, Song Q, Yao L, Tu Y, et al. Bioconjugate Chem. 2013;24:997-1007.

     Not in our library10.1021/bc400055h

146. 146.

     Guo J, Gao X, Su L, Xia H, Gu G, Pang Z, Jiang X, Yao L, Chen J, Chen H. Biomaterials. 2011;32:8010-8020.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.07.004

147. 147.

     Nance E A, Woodworth G F, Sailor K A, Shih T-Y, Xu Q, Swaminathan G, Xiang D, Eberhart C, Hanes J. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4:149ra119-149ra119.

     Not in our library10.1126/scitranslmed.3003594

148. 148.

     Sulheim E, Baghirov H, von Haartman E, Bøe A, Åslund A K O, Mørch Y, de Lange Davies C. J Nanobiotechnol. 2016;14(1):1.

     Not in our library10.1186/s12951-015-0156-7

149. 149.

     Makadia H K, Siegel S J. Polymers (Basel, Switz). 2011;3(3):1377-1397.

     Not in our library10.3390/polym3031377

150. 150.

     Filon O, Krivorotko P, Kobyakov G, Razjivina V, Maximenko O, Gelperina S, Kreuter J. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:e13537-e13537.

     Not in our library10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13537

151. 151.

     Vieira D B, Gamarra L F. Int J Nanomed. 2016;11:5381-5414.

     Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s117210

152. 152.

     Doxorubicin-loaded Anti-EGFR-immunoliposomes (C225-ILs-dox) in High-grade Gliomas - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov.

     Not in our library

153. 153.

     Chen C, Duan Z, Yuan Y, Li R, Pang L, Liang J, Xu X, Wang J. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9:5864-5873.

     Not in our library10.1021/acsami.6b15831

154. 154.

     Liu Y, Mei L, Xu C, Yu Q, Shi K, Zhang L, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Gao H, Zhang Z, et al. Theranostics. 2016;6:177-191.

     Not in our library10.7150/thno.13532

155. 155.

     Cacciatore I, Ciulla M, Fornasari E, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A. Expert Opin Drug Delivery. 2016;13(8):1121-1131.

     Not in our library10.1080/17425247.2016.1178237

156. 156.

     Patel M, Souto E B, Singh K K. Expert Opin Drug Delivery. 2013;10:889-905.

     Not in our library10.1517/17425247.2013.784742

157. 157.

     Fundarò A, Cavalli R, Bargoni A, Vighetto D, Zara G P, Gasco M R. Pharmacol Res. 2000;42:337-343.

     Not in our library10.1006/phrs.2000.0695

158. 158.

     Zara G P, Cavalli R, Bargoni A, Fundarò A, Vighetto D, Gasco M R. J Drug Targeting. 2002;10:327-335.

     Not in our library10.1080/10611860290031868

159. 159.

     Zara G P, Bargoni A, Cavalli R, Fundarò A, Vighetto D, Gasco M R. J Pharm Sci. 2002;91:1324-1333.

     Not in our library10.1002/jps.10129

160. 160.

     Bargoni A, Cavalli R, Zara G P, Fundarò A, Caputo O, Gasco M R. Pharmacol Res. 2001;43:497-502.

     Not in our library10.1006/phrs.2001.0813

161. 161.

     Kakkar V, Mishra A K, Chuttani K, Kaur I P. Int J Pharm. 2013;448:354-359.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.046

162. 162.

     Göppert T M, Müller R H. J Drug Targeting. 2005;13:179-187.

     Not in our library10.1080/10611860500071292

163. 163.

     Peira E, Marzola P, Podio V, Aime S, Sbarbati A, Gasco M R. J Drug Targeting. 2003;11:19-24.

     Not in our library10.1080/1061186031000086108

164. 164.

     Jain K, Sood S, Gowthamarajan K. Drug Delivery. 2015;22:940-954.

     Not in our library10.3109/10717544.2014.885999

165. 165.

     Gartziandia O, Herran E, Pedraz J L, Carro E, Igartua M, Hernandez R M. Colloids Surf, B. 2015;134:304-313.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.06.054

166. 166.

     Alam M I, Baboota S, Ahuja A, Ali M, Ali J, Sahni J K, Bhatnagar A. Int J Pharm. 2014;470:99-106.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.05.004

167. 167.

     Wavikar P R, Vavia P R. J Liposome Res. 2015;25:141-149.

     Not in our library10.3109/08982104.2014.954129

168. 168.

     Attama A A. Recent Pat Drug Delivery Formulation. 2011;5:178-187.

     Not in our library10.2174/187221111797200524

169. 169.

     Lim W M, Rajinikanth P S, Mallikarjun C, Kang Y B. Int J Nanomed. 2014;9:2117-2126.

     Not in our library10.2147/ijn.s57565

170. 170.

     Song S, Mao G, Du J, Zhu X. Drug Delivery. 2016;23:1404-1408.

     Not in our library10.3109/10717544.2015.1064186

171. 171.

     Tsai M-J, Wu P-C, Huang Y-B, Chang J-S, Lin C-L, Tsai Y-H, Fang J-Y. Int J Pharm. 2012;423:461-470.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.12.009

172. 172.

     Khosa A, Reddi S, Saha R N. Biomed Pharmacother. 2018;103:598-613.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.055

173. 173.

     Zhang X. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2015;72:771-775.

     Not in our library10.1007/s12013-015-0529-4

174. 174.

     Male D, Gromnicova R, McQuaid C, Al-Jamal K T. Gold Nanoparticles for Imaging and Drug Transport to the CNS. International Review of Neurobiology. 2016;130:155-198.

     Not in our library10.1016/bs.irn.2016.05.003

175. 175.

     Lasagna-Reeves C, Gonzalez-Romero D, Barria M A, Olmedo I, Clos A, Sadagopa Ramanujam V M, Urayama A, Vergara L, Kogan M J, Soto C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010;393:649-655.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.02.046

176. 176.

     Cheng Y, Meyers J D, Agnes R S, Doane T L, Kenney M E, Broome A-M, Burda C, Basilion J P. Small. 2011;7:2301-2306.

     Not in our library10.1002/smll.201100628

177. 177.

     Burrows N D, Lin W, Hinman J G, Dennison J M, Vartanian A M, Abadeer N S, Grzincic E M, Jacob L M, Li J, Murphy C J. Langmuir. 2016;32:9905-9921.

     Not in our library10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02706

178. 178.

     Niidome T, Yamagata M, Okamoto Y, Akiyama Y, Takahashi H, Kawano T, Katayama Y, Niidome Y. J Controlled Release. 2006;114:343-347.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.06.017

179. 179.

     An L, Wang Y, Tian Q, Yang S. Materials. 2017;10:1372.

     Not in our library10.3390/ma10121372

180. 180.

     Parab H J, Chen H M, Lai T-C, Huang J H, Chen P H, Liu R-S, Hsiao M, Chen C-H, Tsai D-P, Hwu Y-K. J Phys Chem C. 2009;113:7574-7578.

     Not in our library10.1021/jp9000169

181. 181.

     Kolhar P, Anselmo A C, Gupta V, Pant K, Prabhakarpandian B, Ruoslahti E, Mitragotri S. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110:10753-10758.

     Not in our library10.1073/pnas.1308345110

182. 182.

     Laurent S, Forge D, Port M, Roch A, Robic C, Vander Elst L, Muller R N. Chem Rev. 2008;108:2064-2110.

     Not in our library10.1021/cr068445e

183. 183.

     Thakor A S, Jokerst J V, Ghanouni P, Campbell J L, Mittra E, Gambhir S S. J Nucl Med. 2016;57:1833-1837.

     Not in our library10.2967/jnumed.116.181362

184. 184.

     Neuwelt A, Sidhu N, Hu C-A A, Mlady G, Eberhardt S C, Sillerud L O. AJR, Am J Roentgenol. 2015;204:W302-W313.

     Not in our library10.2214/ajr.14.12733

185. 185.

     Liu D-F, Qian C, An Y-L, Chang D, Ju S-H, Teng G-J. Nanoscale. 2014;6:15161-15167.

     Not in our library10.1039/c4nr03942d

186. 186.

     Kaluzova M, Bouras A, Machaidze R, Hadjipanayis C G. Oncotarget. 2015;6:8788-8806.

     Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.3554

187. 187.

     Sillerud L O, Solberg N O, Chamberlain R, Orlando R A, Heidrich J E, Brown D C, Brady C I, Vander Jagt T A, Garwood M, Vander Jagt D L. J Alzheimer's Dis. 2013;34:349-365.

     Not in our library10.3233/jad-121171

Cited by papers we hold 6

• Functionalized Nanomaterials Capable of Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier · 2024
  No notice
• Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier: Advances in Nanoparticle Technology for Drug Delivery in Neuro-Oncology · 2022
  No notice
• Liposomal Nanomedicine: Applications for Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy · 2021
  No notice
• Nanoparticles for Targeted Brain Drug Delivery: What Do We Know? · 2021
  No notice
• Development of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Blood–Brain Barrier Transfer—Strategies and Challenges · 2021
  No notice
• Pathophysiology of Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability Throughout the Different Stages of Ischemic Stroke and Its Implication on Hemorrhagic Transformation and Recovery · 2020
  No notice

Reads

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.