Sargassum muticum and Osmundea pinnatifida Enzymatic Extracts: Chemical, Structural, and Cytotoxic Characterization

Seaweeds, which have been widely used for human consumption, are considered a potential source of biological compounds, where enzyme-assisted extraction can be an efficient method to obtain multifunctional extracts. Chemical characterization of <i>Sargassum muticum</i> and <i>Osmundea pinnatifida</i> extracts obtained by Alcalase and Viscozyme assisted extraction, respectively, showed an increment of macro/micro elements in comparison to the corresponding dry seaweeds, while the ratio of Na/K decreased in both extracts. Galactose, mannose, xylose, fucose, and glucuronic acid were the main monosaccharides (3.2&#8211;27.3 mg/g_{lyophilized extract}) present in variable molar ratios, whereas low free amino acids content and diversity (1.4&#8211;2.7 g/100 g_protein) characterized both extracts. FTIR-ATR and 1H NMR spectra confirmed the presence of important polysaccharide structures in the extracts, namely fucoidans from <i>S. muticum</i> or agarans as sulfated polysaccharides from <i>O. pinnatifida</i>. No cytotoxicity against normal mammalian cells was observed from 0 to 4 mg_{lyophilized extract}/mL for both extracts. The comprehensive characterization of the composition and safety of these two extracts fulfils an important step towards their authorized application for nutritional and/or nutraceutical purposes.

Abstract licence: CC BY

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