Ambient Air Pollution Increases the Risk of Cerebrovascular and Neuropsychiatric Disorders through Induction of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Exposure to ambient air pollution is a well-established determinant of health and disease. The Lancet Commission on pollution and health concludes that air pollution is the leading environmental cause of global disease and premature death. Indeed, there is a growing body of evidence that links air pollution not only to adverse cardiorespiratory effects but also to increased risk of cerebrovascular and neuropsychiatric disorders. Despite being a relatively new area of investigation, overall, there is mounting recent evidence showing that exposure to multiple air pollutants, in particular to fine particles, may affect the central nervous system (CNS) and brain health, thereby contributing to increased risk of stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, cognitive dysfunction, neurodevelopmental disorders, depression and other related conditions. The underlying molecular mechanisms of susceptibility and disease remain largely elusive. However, emerging evidence suggests inflammation and oxidative stress to be crucial factors in the pathogenesis of air pollution-induced disorders, driven by the enhanced production of proinflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species in response to exposure to various air pollutants. From a public health perspective, mitigation measures are urgent to reduce the burden of disease and premature mortality from ambient air pollution.

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     Glutamatergic Neurons in Rodent Models Respond to Nanoscale Particulate Urban Air Pollutants in Vivo and in Vitro · 2011

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     Hullmann M., Albrecht C., van Berlo D., Gerlofs-Nijland M.E., Wahle T., Boots A.W., Krutmann J., Cassee F.R., Bayer T.A., Schins R.P.F. Diesel engine exhaust accelerates plaque formation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Part. Fibre Toxicol. 2017;14:35.

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     Bridwell R., Long B., Gottlieb M. Neurologic complications of COVID-19. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 2020.

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     Werner C., Scullen T., Mathkour M., Zeoli T., Beighley A., Kilgore M.D., Carr C., Zweifler R.M., Aysenne A., Maulucci C.M., et al. Neurological Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Practical Considerations for the Neuroscience Community. World Neurosurg. 2020.

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     Ogen Y. Assessing nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels as a contributing factor to coronavirus (COVID-19) fatality. Sci. Total Environ. 2020;726:138605.

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     Zhu Y., Xie J., Huang F., Cao L. Association between short-term exposure to air pollution and covid-19 infection: Evidence from china. Sci. Total Environ. 2020;727:138704.

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Cited by papers we hold 1

• Air pollution and outpatient visits for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: A time‐series analysis in Luoyang, China · 2021
  Not checked

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