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Mast Cells, Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Human Gastric Cancer

Giuseppe Sammarco, Gilda Varricchi, Valentina Ferraro and 9 more

International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2019 · Review · CC BY

doi:10.3390/ijms20092106

Abstract

Gastric cancer is diagnosed in nearly one million new patients each year and it remains the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although gastric cancer represents a heterogeneous group of diseases, chronic inflammation has been shown to play a role in tumorigenesis. Cancer development is a multistep process characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations during tumour initiation and progression. The stromal microenvironment is important in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis or promoting tumour development. A plethora of immune cells (i.e., lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, Treg cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells) are components of gastric cancer microenvironment. Mast cell density is increased in gastric cancer and there is a correlation with angiogenesis, the number of metastatic lymph nodes and the survival of these patients. Mast cells exert a protumorigenic role in gastric cancer through the release of angiogenic (VEGF-A, CXCL8, MMP-9) and lymphangiogenic factors (VEGF-C and VEGF-F). Gastric mast cells express the programmed death ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) which are relevant as immune checkpoints in cancer. Several clinical undergoing trials targeting immune checkpoints could be an innovative therapeutic strategy in gastric cancer. Elucidation of the role of subsets of mast cells in different human gastric cancers will demand studies of increasing complexity beyond those assessing merely mast cell density and microlocalization.

Full text

From PubMed Central, U.S. National Library of Medicine, as current on Oct 21, 2026. Paragraph numbers are ours, so an answer can point at one.

1. Introduction

1Gastric cancer is the fourth-most-common cancer globally and the second-leading cause of cancer deaths. It accounts for nearly one million cases annually, with East Asia accounting for more than half of those cases. In addition to incidence, the clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric cancer also differ among regions, especially Asia and the West. Compelling evidence indicates that gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease on the basis of anatomic site, histopathology, gene expression, gene amplification, DNA methylation, relevant genetic aberrations and oncogenic pathways.

2Cancer development is a multistep process characterized by genomic instability, gene expression dysregulation and epigenetic abnormality that drive tumour progression. Gene mutations and mutant cells are constantly generated but the immunosurveillance system detects and eliminates these cells. However, immune-resistant cells evolve sophisticated strategies to evade the immune system and go on to generate tumours. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumour growth, whereas lymphangiogenesis, the development of new lymphatic vessels, is important in the formation of metastases.

3The stromal microenvironment plays a major role in maintaining normal tissue homoeostasis or promoting tumour growth. Mounting evidence indicates that normal tissue microenvironment is a barrier to tumorigenesis, whereas incorrect proinflammatory signals (e.g., cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species, low pH, hypoxia, adenosine, etc.) destabilize tissue homeostasis and promote tumorigenesis. Prolonged and uncontrolled low-grade inflammation or smouldering inflammation is a hallmark of cancer and several immune cells (macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, NK and NKT cells, etc.) are stromal components of the inflammatory microenvironment that modulates the development of experimental and human tumours.

4Mast cells are immune cells present in all classes of vertebrates which were identified in human tumour and named by Paul Ehrlich. These cells have a widespread distribution in close proximity to epithelia, fibroblasts, blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves. Human mast cells form a highly heterogeneous population of cells with different morphology, mediators and surface receptors. These cells derive from CD34+, CD117+ (KIT) pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Mast cell progenitors enter the circulation and complete their maturation in tissues. These cells are involved in several physiological and inflammatory processes, including organ development, skin barrier homeostasis, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, wound healing, heart function, coagulation and tumorigenesis.

5Mast cells have the capacity to rapidly perceive metabolic and immunologic insults and initiate different biochemical programs of homeostasis or inflammation. These cells are activated not only by IgE, specific antigens and superantigens, the mechanisms which account for their functions in allergic diseases but also by a plethora of immunologic and non-immunologic stimuli.

6Mast cell activation leads to the release of a large repertoire of biologically active mediators that have potential positive or negative effects on various targets. Mast cell mediators have been canonically associated with a detrimental role in allergic diseases. Given their presence in nearly all tissues and the plethora of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory mediators they produce and their capacity to interact closely with several immune and non-immune cells, mast cells are involved in several pathophysiological processes.

2. Mast Cells and Tumour Biology

7Mast cells in human tumour were initially described by Paul Ehrlich and extended by Eugen Westphal. Tumour-associated mast cells (TAMCs) are a component of the microenvironment of nearly all solid and haematologic human tumours. TAMCs may exert pro- or anti-tumorigenic roles depending on but not limited to, the tumour model, the stage and the type of tumour and their localization within the tumour (i.e., intra-tumoral vs peri-tumoral). In a few cases, they appear to be inert bystanders. Recent evidence indicates that mast cells, like macrophages and neutrophils are heterogeneous.

8Mast cells are recruited into tumour microenvironment (TME) by several tumour cell-derived chemotactic factors. For example, stem cell factor (SCF) acts on the mast cell KIT receptor, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) act on VEGFR1 and VEGFR2, angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1) acts on TIE2 receptor and CXCL8 acts on CXCR1 and CXCR2. Several chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL10 and CXCL12) produced by tumour and stromal cells activate their specific mast cell receptors (CCR2, CCR3, CXCR2, CXCR3 and CXCR4), which are important for TAMC localization in TME.

9Histamine, a major proinflammatory mediator released by activated mast cells, exerts a paracrine chemotactic effect through the engagement of histamine H4 receptor on mast cells. PGE2, produced by several tumours, is chemotactic for mast cells through the activation of EP3 receptor. Finally, osteopontin, which is upregulated in human cancer, affects mast cell migration.

10Within the tumour microenvironment, TAMCs are exposed to and activated by several factors. Adenosine, produced by tumour cells and mast cells, is markedly increased in the TME and potentiates the production of angiogenic factors from human mast cells and macrophages. Hypoxia, a prominent feature of TME, activates human mast cells to release IL-6 and VEGF-A. Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), overexpressed in tumours, produces PGE2 which fosters angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors from human mast cells. Several chemokines (i.e., CXCL1, CXCL10, CXCL12) activate mast cells and enhance mast cell secretion of CXCL8 which promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. Increased expression of immunoglobulin free light chains (FLCs) was found in various human cancers, activates mast cells and promotes tumour growth in a murine B16-F10 melanoma model. Gastric cancer-derived adrenomedullin induced mast cell degranulation.

11TAMCs modulate recruitment and activation of other immune cells at tumour sites. For example, TAMCs mobilize myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that foster tumour growth owing through their immunosuppressive properties. Moreover, mast cells enhance MDSCs functions in vitro and in vivo.

3. Mast Cells in Tumour Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis

12Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis occur vigorously during embryogenesis but are restricted during adulthood. In adults, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are limited to sites of wound healing and inflammation. Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer because its induction is indispensable to fuel tumour growth. Several innate immune cells can drive angiogenesis during tumour growth, primarily through the production of angiogenic molecules within the TME. Tumour lymphangiogenesis may occur both within the primary tumour and/or in the tumour periphery and plays a central role in the formation of metastasis. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are controlled by stimulatory and inhibitory signals. VEGF-A is a potent agonist of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on blood endothelial cells (BECs). VEGF-C and VEGF-D are crucial for the survival, proliferation and migration of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) through the engagement of VEGFR3.

13VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D and placenta growth factor (PlGF) bind to three endothelial receptors: VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEFGR3. VEGF-A induces the survival, proliferation, sprouting and migration of BECs, increases endothelial permeability and promotes inflammation. VEGF-A also modulates lymphangiogenesis by binding to VEGFR2/VEGFR3 heterodimer receptor and indirectly by recruiting immune cells (e.g., macrophages, mast cells) that produce VEGF-C and VEGF-D. PlGF and VEGF-B bind to VEGFR1 on BECs, some immune cells and pericytes. Angiopoietins (ANGPT1 and ANGPT2) modulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis through the engagement of TIE1 and TIE2 receptors. ANGPT1 expressed by pericytes fosters BEC survival, whereas ANGPT2, secreted by BECs, acts autocrinally and paracrinally as TIE2 ligand. Human lung mast cells express TIE1 and TIE2 and ANGPT1 induces migration of these cells by binding to TIE2. Certain chemokines also modulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.

14Figure 1 shows that several immune cells produce a variety of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors. Immunologic and non-immunologic stimuli induce the release of VEGF-A from human mast cells. These cells express different isoforms of VEGF-A (121, 165, 189 and 206) and their activation induces the release of VEGF-A. Mast cells also express two isoforms of VEGF-B (167 and 186) and VEGF-C and VEGF-D. VEGFs induce mast cell chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo by binding to both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. These cells also promote tumour growth by increasing the angiogenic supply, degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and immunosuppression.

4. Mast Cells in the Immune Contexture of Cancer

15Several studies have contributed to the characterization of the immune microenvironment of human gastric cancer. Figure 1 schematically illustrates the immune landscape of human gastric cancer. Several immune cells (M2 macrophages, TAM, mast cells, basophils, monocytes, PMN-MDSC, M-MDSC, Treg cells, Th2 cells, TAN, immature DCs and Th17/Tc17 cells), localized in human gastric cancer, release a wide spectrum of proinflammatory, angiogenic, lymphangiogenic and immunomodulatory mediators that play a protumorigenic role. Other immune cells (M1 macrophages, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, NK cells, Th1 cells and mature DCs) and their mediators can play an anti-tumorigenic role in cancer. Eosinophils are component of the immune microenvironment that modulates tumour initiation and progression. There are several bidirectional mast cell-eosinophil interactions in inflammatory disorders and cancer. Increasing evidence indicates that eosinophils play an anti-tumorigenic role in different cancers. The pro- (Tfh cells, type II NKT cells) or anti-tumorigenic role (γδ T cells, type I NKT cells and Th9 cells) of several immune cells have been demonstrated in other human cancers or are still under investigation in gastric cancer.

16In the majority of tumours, such as thyroid, gastric, pancreas, bladder and colorectal cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and plasmacytoma, mast cells conferred poor prognosis. In breast cancer mast cells appear to play an antitumorigenic role. These findings indicate that the contribution of mast cells to cancer is tumour dependent.

17Low mast cell density in perilesional stroma of invasive melanomas predicts poor prognosis, whereas, mast cell count was not correlated with survival in superficially invasive melanomas. Mast cells were pro-tumorigenic in the initial stages of prostate cancer but became dispensable at later stages. A recent study examining a total of 9393 prostatectomy samples found that mast cell density was associated with better prognosis (i.e., distant metastasis-free survival). Peritumoral, but not intratumoral mast cell density, conferred a survival advantage in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but not in stage II. The contributory role of mast cells in cancer varies according to the stage of tumorigenesis.

18In prostate cancer, increased intratumoral mast cell density was associated with favourable prognosis. Intratumoral mast cells inhibited tumour growth, whereas peritumoral mast cells stimulated human prostate cancer. In NSCLC, mast cell in tumour islets was associated with a good prognosis, whereas only in stage I NSCLC increased peritumoral mast cells were conferred a survival advantage. In pancreatic carcinoma, mast cell density in the intratumoral border zone but not the peritumoral or the intratumoral zone, was associated with disease progression. The role of mast cells in melanoma depends on both the microlocalization of these cells and the subtypes of tumour. Mast cell density at the periphery of the tumours correlated with disease progression in both cutaneous T- and B-cell lymphoma. Collectively, these findings indicate that the contribution of mast cells in tumours varies according to their microlocalization.

19In conclusion, the results of several studies indicate that the pro- or anti-tumorigenic role(s) of mast cells in different tumours is cancer specific, depends on the stage of tumorigenesis and on their microlocalization. It is possible that different subtypes of mast cells play a protective role whereas other types play a protumorigenic role. Single-cell mapping of peritumoral and intratumoral mast cells could help to elucidate the roles of different subsets of mast cells in the onset and progression of different tumours.

5. Mast Cells in the Immune Contexture of Human Gastric Cancer

20Mast cells were first identified in small groups of Italian patients with gastric cancer more than 50 years ago. Mast cell density was also found increased in Japanese patients with gastric cancer compared to macroscopically normal tissue. Mast cells in gastric cancer were found to be chymase+ and it was suggested that patients with high number of mast cells had a poor prognosis. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the etiologic agent of chronic gastritis and is recognized as a class 1 carcinogen. Mast cells, eosinophils and basophils are increased in H.pylori-induced gastritis. An increased density of mast cells was reported in patients with chronic gastritis. Interestingly, elevated eosinophil density was found in the gastric cancer low-risk area, whereas in the high-risk area the eosinophil infiltrate was reduced. The authors speculated that eosinophils may promote or limit chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis depending on the surrounding immune environment.

21Ribatti and collaborators highlighted the correlation between mast cells and angiogenesis in gastric cancer. A correlation was also found between mast cell density and both Foxp3+ Treg cells and different stages of gastric cancer. A correlation was also found between KIT+ mast cells and angiogenesis evaluated as microvascular density and between tryptase+ mast cells and the number of metastatic lymph nodes in different stages of gastric cancer. Mast cell tryptase is one of the proangiogenic factors stored and released by human mast cells. Tryptase activates the protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) on endothelial cells and a correlation was found between mast cell density and PAR-2 on endothelial cells in gastric cancer. Based on the above findings it has been proposed that targeting tryptase could be a potential anti-angiogenic strategy in gastric cancer. Ammendola and co-workers made an interesting observation looking at mast cells in bone metastases from gastric cancer patients. They described the presence of mast cells near blood vessels in bone metastases from gastric cancer and found a correlation between mast cell density and microvascular density. The latter observation led to suggest that tryptase inhibitors or KIT tyrosine kinase inhibitors could represent a novel strategy to inhibit tumour-induced angiogenesis and osteoclastic bone resorption.

22IL-17 is a pleiotropic cytokine identified in several tumours including gastric cancer. Although it has long been considered that the major source of IL-17 are CD4+ T lymphocytes (Th17 cells), this cytokine can be produced by several immune cells, including cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (Tc17), γδ T cells, NKT and NK cells, macrophages, granulocytes and mast cells. It has been shown that activated mast cells are capable of expanding Th17 cells through the release of IL-1β. In a study of gastric cancer patients, it was found that mast cells and to a lesser extent macrophages stained positively for IL-17. Furthermore, endothelial cells expressed IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) and intratumor mast cells IL-17+ were associated with worse overall survival. Recently, the prognostic value of IL-17 mRNA and IL-17A+ cells has been studied in two independent large cohorts of Chinese gastric cancer patients. The overall survival was longer in the high intratumoral IL-17A+ cell group than in the low intratumoral IL-17A+ cell group. The authors also examined the immune contexture in different IL-17A mRNA expression status. High IL-17A mRNA expression was associated with high proportion of activated mast cells, NK cells and Tregs, while it was associated with low proportion of M2 macrophages and resting mast cells. Finally, it has been reported that activated mast cells release IL-17A which promoted the in vitro proliferation of gastric cancer cells.

23The role of mast cells has also been started to be evaluated in metastatic lymph nodes of gastric cancer patients. Although mast cells are rarely found in normal lymph nodes, local mastocytosis was demonstrated in lymph node metastases from primary gastric cancer. Figure 2A illustrates the localization of tryptase+ mast cells in primary gastric cancer. Interestingly, tryptase+ mast cells were also found in lymph node metastasis from primary gastric cancer (Figure 2B). The role of metastasis-associated mast cells is of great interest considering the contribution of these cells to lymphangiogenesis through the production of lymphangiogenic factors.

24Recently, the spatial distribution of mast cells and vessels in peritumoral and intratumoral gastric cancer has been started to be investigated. It was found that tryptase+ chymase+ mast cells were preferentially located near the gastric glands and blood vessels. In two large groups of patients with gastric cancer, peritumoral (area ≥ 2 cm from the tumour margin) and intratumoral (tumour centre area) mast cells were identified. This study also examined the immune contexture of gastric cancer. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, B cells, DCs, M0, M1 and M2 macrophages, monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, Tfh cells, Tregs, NK cells and plasma cells, in addition to mast cells, were found in the tumour microenvironment of gastric cancer. The presence of mast cells and macrophages in gastric tumour microenvironment has been correlated to microvascular density. The microlocalization of intratumoral, marginal, peritumoral and non-tumour issues of mast cells has been examined in gastric cancer patients. These patients showed a higher mast cell infiltration in intratumoral tissues than marginal, peritumoral and non-tumour tissues. Moreover, as the cancer progressed from stage I to IV, the intratumoral mast cells increased, suggesting a possible protumorigenic role for these cells. It has been reported that mast cells accumulate in gastric cancer through the engagement of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 by CXCL12 produced by tumour cells.

25Mast cells are immune sentinels in the surrounding microenvironment and rapidly perceive biochemical and immunological insults through the engagement of a constellation of surface receptors. These cells also express co-receptors for T-cells such as CD40 ligand (CD40L), tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 4 (OX40L), inducible costimulator ligand (ICOS-L). T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) and programmed death ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2). The latter receptors are particularly relevant as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Controversial results are reported about the impact of PD-L1 expression in gastric cancer. Interestingly, intratumoral mast cells from gastric cancer constitutively expressed PD-L1 but not other molecules with immunosuppression potential such as CTLA-4 and ICOS. TNF-α selectively induced the overexpression of PD-L1 on gastric mast cells. When mast cells from tumour and non-tumour tissues of gastric cancer patients were co-cultured with autologous peripheral blood CD3+ T cells, only tumour infiltrating mast cells inhibited T cell proliferation and IFN-γ production suggesting a specific immunosuppressive function. This hypothesis was extended in in vivo experiments using the NOD/SCID mice bearing SGC-7901-derived gastric cancer. In this model PD-L1 blocking antibody reduced gastric cancer progression. These important studies have identified a novel mechanism by which mast cells can promote tumorigenesis in gastric cancer and provide a rationale for the treatment of gastric cancer patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.

6. Outstanding Questions and Conclusions

26Gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disease and several subtypes have been described anatomically, histologically and genetically. Several groups have identified tryptase+ and tryptase+ chymase+ mast cells in human gastric cancer patients in Europe and in Asia. Mast cell density in tumour microenvironment was associated with poor prognosis, tumour angiogenesis and the formation of lymph node and bone metastases. These observations led to suggest that angiogenesis blockade could represent a promising target for the treatment of gastric cancer. The results of several clinical trials indicate that anti-angiogenic agents improve overall survival, progression-free survival and disease control rate in gastric cancer. Unfortunately, no studies thus far have identified a predictive biomarker to assist patient selection for benefit from anti-angiogenic agents. It would be interesting to verify whether mast cell density and/or activation in gastric tumours represent a biomarker of response to anti-angiogenic agents in these patients.

27Mast cells are rarely found in normal lymph nodes. Figure 2B and elegant studies by Ammendola and collaborators have demonstrated that the density of mast cells is markedly increased in metastatic draining lymph nodes of gastric cancer patients. This suggests that mast cells can migrate to tumour draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) where they can act as non-professional antigen presenting cells. The mast cell contribution to the evolving microenvironment of TDLNs remains poorly understood. High-dimensional analysis, particularly single-cell RNA-seq, will be necessary to better characterize mast cells in TDLNs.

28Tumour cells evade host immune attack by expressing several immune checkpoints such as PD-1 and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) in TME. Monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway unleash anti-tumour immunity and have revolutionized the management of a wide spectrum of malignancies. PD-L1 is overexpressed in up to 50% of gastric cancers and a large number of clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of mAbs anti-PD-1 (i.e., nivolumab, pembrolizumab) (Table S1) and anti-PD-L1 (i.e., atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab) (Table S2) as monotherapy or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 (i.e., ipilimumab) or targeted therapies in the management of advanced-stage gastric cancer. Human mast cells express PD-L1 and, to a lesser extent, PD-L2. An interesting task will be to investigate whether the expression of PD-L1 on mast cells is correlated with PD-L1+ cancer cells in the context of immunotherapy of gastric cancer.

29As shown for tumour-associated macrophages (M1, M2, etc.) and tumour-associated neutrophils (N1 and N2), subpopulations of mast cells are recently begun to emerge and could play different, even opposite effects in various types of tumours. Mast cells, like other immune cells, are endowed with phenotypic and functional plasticity depending on environmental factors which may vary in composition in the different cancers. The complex heterogeneity (spatial, temporal, intratumoral) of the TME adds a further layer of complexity. Simultaneous single-cell analysis of the immune contexture of TME of different subtypes of human gastric cancers characterized by genetic markers can greatly expand our knowledge of the role of mast cells in tumour initiation and progression.

30All the above implies that clarification of the roles of subsets of mast cells in different human gastric cancers will demand studies of complexity beyond those assessing merely mast cell density, their microlocalization and the interactions with other immune cells. Therefore, many fundamental questions need to be addressed before understanding how mast cells play a protumorigenic role in gastric tumours.

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Galdiero M.R., Garlanda C., Jaillon S., Marone G., Mantovani A. Tumor associated macrophages and neutrophils in tumor progression. J. Cell. Physiol. 2013;228:1404-1412.
Not in our library10.1002/jcp.24260
35.
Varricchi G., Galdiero M.R., Marone G., Granata F., Borriello F. Controversial role of mast cells in skin cancers. Exp. Dermatol. 2017;26:11-17.
Not in our library10.1111/exd.13107
36.
Mulero I., Sepulcre M.P., Meseguer J., Garcia-Ayala A., Mulero V. Histamine is stored in mast cells of most evolutionarily advanced fish and regulates the fish inflammatory response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2007;104:19434-19439.
Not in our library10.1073/pnas.0704535104
37.
Ehrlich P. Beitrage zur Theorie und Praxis der Histologischen Farbung. Master’s Thesis. 1878.
Not in our library
38.
Marone G., Galli S.J., Kitamura Y. Probing the roles of mast cells and basophils in natural and acquired immunity, physiology and disease. Trends Immunol. 2002;23:425-427.
Not in our library10.1016/s1471-4906(02)02274-3
39.
Varricchi G., Raap U., Rivellese F., Marone G., Gibbs B.F. Human mast cells and basophils-How are they similar how are they different? Immunol. Rev. 2018;282:8-34.
Not in our library10.1111/imr.12627
40.
Kirshenbaum A.S., Goff J.P., Semere T., Foster B., Scott L.M., Metcalfe D.D. Demonstration that human mast cells arise from a progenitor cell population that is CD34(+), c-kit(+) and expresses aminopeptidase N (CD13). Blood. 1999;94:2333-2342.
Not in our library
41.
Liu J., Fu T., Song F., Xue Y., Xia C., Liu P., Wang H., Zhong J., Li Q., Chen J., et al. Mast Cells Participate in Corneal Development in Mice. Sci Rep. 2015;5:17569.
Not in our library10.1038/srep17569
42.
Kurashima Y., Amiya T., Fujisawa K., Shibata N., Suzuki Y., Kogure Y., Hashimoto E., Otsuka A., Kabashima K., Sato S., et al. The enzyme Cyp26b1 mediates inhibition of mast cell activation by fibroblasts to maintain skin-barrier homeostasis. Immunity. 2014;40:530-541.
Not in our library10.1016/j.immuni.2014.01.014
43.
Marone G., Varricchi G., Loffredo S., Granata F. Mast cells and basophils in inflammatory and tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2016;778:146-151.
Not in our library10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.088
44.
Detoraki A., Staiano R.I., Granata F., Giannattasio G., Prevete N., de Paulis A., Ribatti D., Genovese A., Triggiani M., Marone G. Vascular endothelial growth factors synthesized by human lung mast cells exert angiogenic effects. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2009;123:1142-1149.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jaci.2009.01.044
45.
Douaiher J., Succar J., Lancerotto L., Gurish M.F., Orgill D.P., Hamilton M.J., Krilis S.A., Stevens R.L. Development of mast cells and importance of their tryptase and chymase serine proteases in inflammation and wound healing. Adv. Immunol. 2014;122:211-252.
Not in our library10.1016/b978-0-12-800267-4.00006-7
46.
Reid A.C., Silver R.B., Levi R. Renin: At the heart of the mast cell. Immunol. Rev. 2007;217:123-140.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1600-065x.2007.00514.x
47.
Ngkelo A., Richart A., Kirk J.A., Bonnin P., Vilar J., Lemitre M., Marck P., Branchereau M., Le Gall S., Renault N., et al. Mast cells regulate myofilament calcium sensitization and heart function after myocardial infarction. J. Exp. Med. 2016;213:1353-1374.
Not in our library10.1084/jem.20160081
48.
Mulloy B., Lever R., Page C.P. Mast cell glycosaminoglycans. Glycoconj. J. 2017;34:351-361.
Not in our library10.1007/s10719-016-9749-0
49.
Giannou A.D., Marazioti A., Spella M., Kanellakis N.I., Apostolopoulou H., Psallidas I., Prijovich Z.M., Vreka M., Zazara D.E., Lilis I., et al. Mast cells mediate malignant pleural effusion formation. J. Clin. Investig. 2015;125:2317-2334.
Not in our library10.1172/jci79840
50.
Galdiero M.R., Varricchi G., Marone G. The immune network in thyroid cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5:e1168556.
Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2016.1168556
51.
Are Mast Cells MASTers in Cancer? · 2017
No notice
52.
Oskeritzian C.A. Mast cell plasticity and sphingosine-1-phosphate in immunity, inflammation and cancer. Mol. Immunol. 2015;63:104-112.
Not in our library10.1016/j.molimm.2014.03.018
53.
Rigoni A., Colombo M.P., Pucillo C. Mast cells, basophils and eosinophils: From allergy to cancer. Semin. Immunol. 2018;35:29-34.
Not in our library10.1016/j.smim.2018.02.001
54.
Jarido V., Kennedy L., Hargrove L., Demieville J., Thomson J., Stephenson K., Francis H. The emerging role of mast cells in liver disease. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2017;313:G89-G101.
Not in our library10.1152/ajpgi.00333.2016
55.
Oldford S.A., Marshall J.S. Mast cells as targets for immunotherapy of solid tumors. Mol. Immunol. 2015;63:113-124.
Not in our library10.1016/j.molimm.2014.02.020
56.
Jimenez-Andrade G.Y., Ibarra-Sanchez A., Gonzalez D., Lamas M., Gonzalez-Espinosa C. Immunoglobulin E induces VEGF production in mast cells and potentiates their pro-tumorigenic actions through a Fyn kinase-dependent mechanism. J. Hematol. Oncol. 2013;6:56.
Not in our library10.1186/1756-8722-6-56
57.
Galli S.J., Tsai M. IgE and mast cells in allergic disease. Nat. Med. 2012;18:693-704.
Not in our library10.1038/nm.2755
58.
Genovese A., Borgia G., Bjorck L., Petraroli A., de Paulis A., Piazza M., Marone G. Immunoglobulin superantigen protein L induces IL-4 and IL-13 secretion from human Fc epsilon RI+ cells through interaction with the kappa light chains of IgE. J. Immunol. 2003;170:1854-1861.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.1854
59.
Marone G., Rossi F.W., Detoraki A., Granata F., Genovese A., Spadaro G. Role of superallergens in allergic disorders. Chem. Immunol. Allergy. 2007;93:195-213.
Not in our library10.1159/000100896
60.
Andreu P., Johansson M., Affara N.I., Pucci F., Tan T., Junankar S., Korets L., Lam J., Tawfik D., DeNardo D.G., et al. FcRgamma activation regulates inflammation-associated squamous carcinogenesis. Cancer Cell. 2010;17:121-134.
Not in our library10.1016/j.ccr.2009.12.019
61.
Groot Kormelink T., Powe D.G., Kuijpers S.A., Abudukelimu A., Fens M.H., Pieters E.H., Kassing van der Ven W.W., Habashy H.O., Ellis I.O., Blokhuis B.R., et al. Immunoglobulin free light chains are biomarkers of poor prognosis in basal-like breast cancer and are potential targets in tumor-associated inflammation. Oncotarget. 2014;5:3159-3167.
Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.1868
62.
Huang B., Lei Z., Zhang G.M., Li D., Song C., Li B., Liu Y., Yuan Y., Unkeless J., Xiong H., et al. SCF-mediated mast cell infiltration and activation exacerbate the inflammation and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment. Blood. 2008;112:1269-1279.
Not in our library10.1182/blood-2008-03-147033
63.
Oldford S.A., Haidl I.D., Howatt M.A., Leiva C.A., Johnston B., Marshall J.S. A critical role for mast cells and mast cell-derived IL-6 in TLR2-mediated inhibition of tumor growth. J. Immunol. 2010;185:7067-7076.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1001137
64.
Mast Cell: A Multi-Functional Master Cell · 2016
No notice
65.
Varricchi G., Loffredo S., Galdiero M.R., Marone G., Cristinziano L., Granata F. Innate effector cells in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2018;53:152-160.
Not in our library10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.002
66.
Borriello F., Granata F., Varricchi G., Genovese A., Triggiani M., Marone G. Immunopharmacological modulation of mast cells. Curr. Opin. Pharmacol. 2014;17:45-57.
Not in our library10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.002
67.
Varricchi G., Rossi F.W., Galdiero M.R., Granata F., Criscuolo G., Spadaro G., de Paulis A., Marone G. Physiological roles of mast cells. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2019.
Not in our library10.1159/000500088
68.
Westphal E., Ehrlich P. Uber Mastzellen. Farbenanalytische Untersuchungen. 1891;17-41.
Not in our library
69.
Dvorak A.M., Mihm M.C., Osage J.E., Dvorak H.F. Melanoma. An ultrastructural study of the host inflammatory and vascular responses. J. Investig. Dermatol. 1980;75:388-393.
Not in our library10.1111/1523-1747.ep12523627
70.
Takahashi K., Mulliken J.B., Kozakewich H.P., Rogers R.A., Folkman J., Ezekowitz R.A. Cellular markers that distinguish the phases of hemangioma during infancy and childhood. J. Clin. Investig. 1994;93:2357-2364.
Not in our library10.1172/jci117241
71.
Toth-Jakatics R., Jimi S., Takebayashi S., Kawamoto N. Cutaneous malignant melanoma: Correlation between neovascularization and peritumor accumulation of mast cells overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor. Hum. Pathol. 2000;31:955-960.
Not in our library10.1053/hupa.2000.16658
72.
Aoki M., Pawankar R., Niimi Y., Kawana S. Mast cells in basal cell carcinoma express VEGF, IL-8 and RANTES. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2003;130:216-223.
Not in our library10.1159/000069515
73.
Ribatti D., Ennas M.G., Vacca A., Ferreli F., Nico B., Orru S., Sirigu P. Tumor vascularity and tryptase-positive mast cells correlate with a poor prognosis in melanoma. Eur. J. Clin. Investig. 2003;33:420-425.
Not in our library10.1046/j.1365-2362.2003.01152.x
74.
Ribatti D., Vacca A., Ria R., Marzullo A., Nico B., Filotico R., Roncali L., Dammacco F. Neovascularisation, expression of fibroblast growth factor-2 and mast cells with tryptase activity increase simultaneously with pathological progression in human malignant melanoma. Eur. J. Cancer. 2003;39:666-674.
Not in our library10.1016/s0959-8049(02)00150-8
75.
Beer T.W., Ng L.B., Murray K. Mast cells have prognostic value in Merkel cell carcinoma. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 2008;30:27-30.
Not in our library10.1097/dad.0b013e31815c932a
76.
Johansson A., Rudolfsson S., Hammarsten P., Halin S., Pietras K., Jones J., Stattin P., Egevad L., Granfors T., Wikstrom P., et al. Mast cells are novel independent prognostic markers in prostate cancer and represent a target for therapy. Am. J. Pathol. 2010;177:1031-1041.
Not in our library10.2353/ajpath.2010.100070
77.
Ng L., Beer T.W., Murray K. Vascular density has prognostic value in Merkel cell carcinoma. Am. J. Dermatopathol. 2008;30:442-445.
Not in our library10.1097/dad.0b013e318172364d
78.
Ma Y., Hwang R.F., Logsdon C.D., Ullrich S.E. Dynamic mast cell-stromal cell interactions promote growth of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Res. 2013;73:3927-3937.
Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4479
79.
Melillo R.M., Guarino V., Avilla E., Galdiero M.R., Liotti F., Prevete N., Rossi F.W., Basolo F., Ugolini C., de Paulis A., et al. Mast cells have a protumorigenic role in human thyroid cancer. Oncogene. 2010;29:6203-6215.
Not in our library10.1038/onc.2010.348
80.
Pittoni P., Tripodo C., Piconese S., Mauri G., Parenza M., Rigoni A., Sangaletti S., Colombo M.P. Mast cell targeting hampers prostate adenocarcinoma development but promotes the occurrence of highly malignant neuroendocrine cancers. Cancer Res. 2011;71:5987-5997.
Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-1637
81.
Johnson C., Huynh V., Hargrove L., Kennedy L., Graf-Eaton A., Owens J., Trzeciakowski J.P., Hodges K., DeMorrow S., Han Y., et al. Inhibition of Mast Cell-Derived Histamine Decreases Human Cholangiocarcinoma Growth and Differentiation via c-Kit/Stem Cell Factor-Dependent Signaling. Am. J. Pathol. 2016;186:123-133.
Not in our library10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.09.016
82.
Siiskonen H., Poukka M., Bykachev A., Tyynela-Korhonen K., Sironen R., Pasonen-Seppanen S., Harvima I.T. Low numbers of tryptase+ and chymase+ mast cells associated with reduced survival and advanced tumor stage in melanoma. Melanoma Res. 2015;25:479-485.
Not in our library10.1097/cmr.0000000000000192
83.
Acikalin M.F., Oner U., Topcu I., Yasar B., Kiper H., Colak E. Tumour angiogenesis and mast cell density in the prognostic assessment of colorectal carcinomas. Dig. Liver Dis. 2005;37:162-169.
Not in our library10.1016/j.dld.2004.09.028
84.
Fleischmann A., Schlomm T., Kollermann J., Sekulic N., Huland H., Mirlacher M., Sauter G., Simon R., Erbersdobler A. Immunological microenvironment in prostate cancer: High mast cell densities are associated with favorable tumor characteristics and good prognosis. Prostate. 2009;69:976-981.
Not in our library10.1002/pros.20948
85.
Andersen M.D., Kamper P., Nielsen P.S., Bendix K., Riber-Hansen R., Steiniche T., Hamilton-Dutoit S., Clausen M., d’Amore F. Tumour-associated mast cells in classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma: Correlation with histological subtype, other tumour-infiltrating inflammatory cell subsets and outcome. Eur. J. Haematol. 2016;96:252-259.
Not in our library10.1111/ejh.12583
86.
Englund A., Molin D., Enblad G., Karlen J., Glimelius I., Ljungman G., Amini R.M. The role of tumour-infiltrating eosinophils, mast cells and macrophages in Classical and Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma in children. Eur. J. Haematol. 2016;97:430-438.
Not in our library10.1111/ejh.12747
87.
Franco G., Guarnotta C., Frossi B., Piccaluga P.P., Boveri E., Gulino A., Fuligni F., Rigoni A., Porcasi R., Buffa S., et al. Bone marrow stroma CD40 expression correlates with inflammatory mast cell infiltration and disease progression in splenic marginal zone lymphoma. Blood. 2014;123:1836-1849.
Not in our library10.1182/blood-2013-04-497271
88.
Molin D., Edstrom A., Glimelius I., Glimelius B., Nilsson G., Sundstrom C., Enblad G. Mast cell infiltration correlates with poor prognosis in Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Br. J. Haematol. 2002;119:122-124.
Not in our library10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03768.x
89.
Rabenhorst A., Schlaak M., Heukamp L.C., Forster A., Theurich S., von Bergwelt-Baildon M., Buttner R., Kurschat P., Mauch C., Roers A., et al. Mast cells play a protumorigenic role in primary cutaneous lymphoma. Blood. 2012;120:2042-2054.
Not in our library10.1182/blood-2012-03-415638
90.
Bone marrow angiogenesis and mast cell density increase simultaneously with progression of human multiple myeloma · 1999
No notice
91.
Taskinen M., Karjalainen-Lindsberg M.L., Leppa S. Prognostic influence of tumor-infiltrating mast cells in patients with follicular lymphoma treated with rituximab and CHOP. Blood. 2008;111:4664-4667.
Not in our library10.1182/blood-2007-11-125823
92.
Tripodo C., Gri G., Piccaluga P.P., Frossi B., Guarnotta C., Piconese S., Franco G., Vetri V., Pucillo C.E., Florena A.M., et al. Mast cells and Th17 cells contribute to the lymphoma-associated pro-inflammatory microenvironment of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Am. J. Pathol. 2010;177:792-802.
Not in our library10.2353/ajpath.2010.091286
93.
Vyzoukaki R., Tsirakis G., Pappa C.A., Devetzoglou M., Tzardi M., Alexandrakis M.G. The Impact of Mast Cell Density on the Progression of Bone Disease in Multiple Myeloma Patients. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2015;168:263-268.
Not in our library10.1159/000443275
94.
Marichal T., Tsai M., Galli S.J. Mast cells: Potential positive and negative roles in tumor biology. Cancer Immunol. Res. 2013;1:269-279.
Not in our library10.1158/2326-6066.cir-13-0119
95.
Antsiferova M., Martin C., Huber M., Feyerabend T.B., Forster A., Hartmann K., Rodewald H.R., Hohl D., Werner S. Mast cells are dispensable for normal and activin-promoted wound healing and skin carcinogenesis. J. Immunol. 2013;191:6147-6155.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1301350
96.
Xia Q., Wu X.J., Zhou Q., Jing Z., Hou J.H., Pan Z.Z., Zhang X.S. No relationship between the distribution of mast cells and the survival of stage IIIB colon cancer patients. J. Transl. Med. 2011;9:88.
Not in our library10.1186/1479-5876-9-88
97.
Dundar E., Oner U., Peker B.C., Metintas M., Isiksoy S., Ak G. The significance and relationship between mast cells and tumour angiogenesis in non-small cell lung carcinoma. J. Int. Med. Res. 2008;36:88-95.
Not in our library10.1177/147323000803600112
98.
Tuna B., Yorukoglu K., Unlu M., Mungan M.U., Kirkali Z. Association of mast cells with microvessel density in renal cell carcinomas. Eur. Urol. 2006;50:530-534.
Not in our library10.1016/j.eururo.2005.12.040
99.
Gentek R., Ghigo C., Hoeffel G., Bulle M.J., Msallam R., Gautier G., Launay P., Chen J., Ginhoux F., Bajenoff M. Hemogenic Endothelial Fate Mapping Reveals Dual Developmental Origin of Mast Cells. Immunity. 2018;48:1160-1171.e5.
Not in our library10.1016/j.immuni.2018.04.025
100.
Li Z., Liu S., Xu J., Zhang X., Han D., Liu J., Xia M., Yi L., Shen Q., Xu S., et al. Adult Connective Tissue-Resident Mast Cells Originate from Late Erythro-Myeloid Progenitors. Immunity. 2018;49:640-653.e5.
Not in our library10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.023
101.
Mantovani A., Marchesi F., Malesci A., Laghi L., Allavena P. Tumour-associated macrophages as treatment targets in oncology. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 2017;14:399-416.
Not in our library10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.217
102.
Chevrier S., Levine J.H., Zanotelli V.R.T., Silina K., Schulz D., Bacac M., Ries C.H., Ailles L., Jewett M.A.S., Moch H., et al. An Immune Atlas of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cell. 2017;169:736-749.e18.
Not in our library10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.016
103.
Aran D., Looney A.P., Liu L., Wu E., Fong V., Hsu A., Chak S., Naikawadi R.P., Wolters P.J., Abate A.R., et al. Reference-based analysis of lung single-cell sequencing reveals a transitional profibrotic macrophage. Nat. Immunol. 2019;20:163-172.
Not in our library10.1038/s41590-018-0276-y
104.
Jaillon S., Galdiero M.R., Del Prete D., Cassatella M.A., Garlanda C., Mantovani A. Neutrophils in innate and adaptive immunity. Semin. Immunopathol. 2013;35:377-394.
Not in our library10.1007/s00281-013-0374-8
105.
Shaul M.E., Levy L., Sun J., Mishalian I., Singhal S., Kapoor V., Horng W., Fridlender G., Albelda S.M., Fridlender Z.G. Tumor-associated neutrophils display a distinct N1 profile following TGFbeta modulation: A transcriptomics analysis of pro- vs. antitumor TANs. Oncoimmunology. 2016;5:e1232221.
Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2016.1232221
106.
Galdiero M.R., Varricchi G., Loffredo S., Mantovani A., Marone G. Roles of neutrophils in cancer growth and progression. J. Leukoc. Biol. 2018;103:457-464.
Not in our library10.1002/jlb.3mr0717-292r
107.
Yamamoto T., Katayama I., Nishioka K. Expression of stem cell factor in basal cell carcinoma. Br. J. Dermatol. 1997;137:709-713.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb01106.x
108.
Prevete N., Staiano R.I., Granata F., Detoraki A., Necchi V., Ricci V., Triggiani M., De Paulis A., Marone G., Genovese A. Expression and function of Angiopoietins and their tie receptors in human basophils and mast cells. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents. 2013;27:827-839.
Not in our library
109.
Visciano C., Liotti F., Prevete N., Cali G., Franco R., Collina F., de Paulis A., Marone G., Santoro M., Melillo R.M. Mast cells induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stem cell features in human thyroid cancer cells through an IL-8-Akt-Slug pathway. Oncogene. 2015;34:5175-5186.
Not in our library10.1038/onc.2014.441
110.
Fischer M., Juremalm M., Olsson N., Backlin C., Sundstrom C., Nilsson K., Enblad G., Nilsson G. Expression of CCL5/RANTES by Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells and its possible role in the recruitment of mast cells into lymphomatous tissue. Int. J. Cancer. 2003;107:197-201.
Not in our library10.1002/ijc.11370
111.
Kryczek I., Lange A., Mottram P., Alvarez X., Cheng P., Hogan M., Moons L., Wei S., Zou L., Machelon V., et al. CXCL12 and vascular endothelial growth factor synergistically induce neoangiogenesis in human ovarian cancers. Cancer Res. 2005;65:465-472.
Not in our library
112.
Romagnani P., De Paulis A., Beltrame C., Annunziato F., Dente V., Maggi E., Romagnani S., Marone G. Tryptase-chymase double-positive human mast cells express the eotaxin receptor CCR3 and are attracted by CCR3-binding chemokines. Am. J. Pathol. 1999;155:1195-1204.
Not in our library10.1016/s0002-9440(10)65222-4
113.
Zhu X.Q., Lv J.Q., Lin Y., Xiang M., Gao B.H., Shi Y.F. Expression of chemokines CCL5 and CCL11 by smooth muscle tumor cells of the uterus and its possible role in the recruitment of mast cells. Gynecol. Oncol. 2007;105:650-656.
Not in our library10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.01.046
114.
Mast cell accumulation in glioblastoma with a potential role for stem cell factor and chemokine CXCL12. · 2011
Not checked
115.
Lin T.J., Issekutz T.B., Marshall J.S. SDF-1 induces IL-8 production and transendothelial migration of human cord blood-derived mast cells. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2001;124:142-145.
Not in our library10.1159/000053693
116.
Juremalm M., Hjertson M., Olsson N., Harvima I., Nilsson K., Nilsson G. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is expressed within the mast cell lineage and its ligand stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha acts as a mast cell chemotaxin. Eur. J. Immunol. 2000;30:3614-3622.
Not in our library10.1002/1521-4141(200012)30:12<3614::aid-immu3614>3.0.co;2-b
117.
Godot V., Arock M., Garcia G., Capel F., Flys C., Dy M., Emilie D., Humbert M. H4 histamine receptor mediates optimal migration of mast cell precursors to CXCL12. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2007;120:827-834.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.046
118.
Weller C.L., Collington S.J., Hartnell A., Conroy D.M., Kaise T., Barker J.E., Wilson M.S., Taylor G.W., Jose P.J., Williams T.J. Chemotactic action of prostaglandin E2 on mouse mast cells acting via the PGE2 receptor 3. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2007;104:11712-11717.
Not in our library10.1073/pnas.0701700104
119.
Nagasaka A., Matsue H., Matsushima H., Aoki R., Nakamura Y., Kambe N., Kon S., Uede T., Shimada S. Osteopontin is produced by mast cells and affects IgE-mediated degranulation and migration of mast cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 2008;38:489-499.
Not in our library10.1002/eji.200737057
120.
Marquardt D.L., Gruber H.E., Wasserman S.I. Adenosine release from stimulated mast cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1984;81:6192-6196.
Not in our library10.1073/pnas.81.19.6192
121.
Gottfried E., Kreutz M., Mackensen A. Tumor metabolism as modulator of immune response and tumor progression. Semin. Cancer Biol. 2012;22:335-341.
Not in our library10.1016/j.semcancer.2012.02.009
122.
Di Virgilio F., Sarti A.C., Falzoni S., De Marchi E., Adinolfi E. Extracellular ATP and P2 purinergic signalling in the tumour microenvironment. Nat. Rev. Cancer. 2018;18:601-618.
Not in our library10.1038/s41568-018-0037-0
123.
Granata F., Frattini A., Loffredo S., Staiano R.I., Petraroli A., Ribatti D., Oslund R., Gelb M.H., Lambeau G., Marone G., et al. Production of vascular endothelial growth factors from human lung macrophages induced by group IIA and group X secreted phospholipases A2. J. Immunol. 2010;184:5232-5241.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.0902501
124.
Visciano C., Prevete N., Liotti F., Marone G. Tumor-Associated Mast Cells in Thyroid Cancer. Int. J. Endocrinol. 2015;2015:705169.
Not in our library10.1155/2015/705169
125.
Mast cell survival and mediator secretion in response to hypoxia. · 2010
Not checked
126.
Walczak-Drzewiecka A., Ratajewski M., Wagner W., Dastych J. HIF-1alpha is up-regulated in activated mast cells by a process that involves calcineurin and NFAT. J. Immunol. 2008;181:1665-1672.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.181.3.1665
127.
Redegeld F.A., van der Heijden M.W., Kool M., Heijdra B.M., Garssen J., Kraneveld A.D., Van Loveren H., Roholl P., Saito T., Verbeek J.S., et al. Immunoglobulin-free light chains elicit immediate hypersensitivity-like responses. Nat. Med. 2002;8:694-701.
Not in our library10.1038/nm722
128.
Thio M., Groot Kormelink T., Fischer M.J., Blokhuis B.R., Nijkamp F.P., Redegeld F.A. Antigen binding characteristics of immunoglobulin free light chains: Crosslinking by antigen is essential to induce allergic inflammation. PLoS ONE. 2012;7:e40986.
Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0040986
129.
Lv Y.P., Peng L.S., Wang Q.H., Chen N., Teng Y.S., Wang T.T., Mao F.Y., Zhang J.Y., Cheng P., Liu Y.G., et al. Degranulation of mast cells induced by gastric cancer-derived adrenomedullin prompts gastric cancer progression. Cell Death Dis. 2018;9:1034.
Not in our library10.1038/s41419-018-1100-1
130.
Gabrilovich D.I., Nagaraj S. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2009;9:162-174.
Not in our library10.1038/nri2506
131.
Mast Cells Mobilize Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells and Treg Cells in Tumor Microenvironment via IL-17 Pathway in Murine Hepatocarcinoma Model · 2010
No notice
132.
Cheon E.C., Khazaie K., Khan M.W., Strouch M.J., Krantz S.B., Phillips J., Blatner N.R., Hix L.M., Zhang M., Dennis K.L., et al. Mast cell 5-lipoxygenase activity promotes intestinal polyposis in APCDelta468 mice. Cancer Res. 2011;71:1627-1636.
Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1923
133.
Danelli L., Frossi B., Gri G., Mion F., Guarnotta C., Bongiovanni L., Tripodo C., Mariuzzi L., Marzinotto S., Rigoni A., et al. Mast cells boost myeloid-derived suppressor cell activity and contribute to the development of tumor-favoring microenvironment. Cancer Immunol. Res. 2015;3:85-95.
Not in our library10.1158/2326-6066.cir-14-0102
134.
Saleem S.J., Martin R.K., Morales J.K., Sturgill J.L., Gibb D.R., Graham L., Bear H.D., Manjili M.H., Ryan J.J., Conrad D.H. Cutting edge: Mast cells critically augment myeloid-derived suppressor cell activity. J. Immunol. 2012;189:511-515.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1200647
135.
Zheng W., Aspelund A., Alitalo K. Lymphangiogenic factors, mechanisms and applications. J. Clin. Investig. 2014;124:878-887.
Not in our library10.1172/jci71603
136.
Lee S.J., Park C., Lee J.Y., Kim S., Kwon P.J., Kim W., Jeon Y.H., Lee E., Yoon Y.S. Generation of pure lymphatic endothelial cells from human pluripotent stem cells and their therapeutic effects on wound repair. Sci Rep. 2015;5:11019.
Not in our library10.1038/srep11019
137.
Kim H., Kataru R.P., Koh G.Y. Inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis: A double-edged sword? J. Clin. Investig. 2014;124:936-942.
Not in our library10.1172/jci71607
138.
Rivera L.B., Bergers G. Intertwined regulation of angiogenesis and immunity by myeloid cells. Trends Immunol. 2015;36:240-249.
Not in our library10.1016/j.it.2015.02.005
139.
Dieterich L.C., Detmar M. Tumor lymphangiogenesis and new drug development. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016;99:148-160.
Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.011
140.
Randolph G.J., Ivanov S., Zinselmeyer B.H., Scallan J.P. The Lymphatic System: Integral Roles in Immunity. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2017;35:31-52.
Not in our library10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055354
141.
Zachary I. Neuropilins: Role in signalling, angiogenesis and disease. Chem. Immunol. Allergy. 2014;99:37-70.
Not in our library10.1159/000354169
142.
Simons M., Gordon E., Claesson-Welsh L. Mechanisms and regulation of endothelial VEGF receptor signalling. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 2016;17:611-625.
Not in our library10.1038/nrm.2016.87
143.
Tammela T., Saaristo A., Lohela M., Morisada T., Tornberg J., Norrmen C., Oike Y., Pajusola K., Thurston G., Suda T., et al. Angiopoietin-1 promotes lymphatic sprouting and hyperplasia. Blood. 2005;105:4642-4648.
Not in our library10.1182/blood-2004-08-3327
144.
Karaman S., Leppanen V.M., Alitalo K. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in development and disease. Development. 2018;145:dev151019.
Not in our library10.1242/dev.151019
145.
Heinolainen K., Karaman S., D’Amico G., Tammela T., Sormunen R., Eklund L., Alitalo K., Zarkada G. VEGFR3 Modulates Vascular Permeability by Controlling VEGF/VEGFR2 Signaling. Circ. Res. 2017;120:1414-1425.
Not in our library10.1161/circresaha.116.310477
146.
Senger D.R., Galli S.J., Dvorak A.M., Perruzzi C.A., Harvey V.S., Dvorak H.F. Tumor cells secrete a vascular permeability factor that promotes accumulation of ascites fluid. Science. 1983;219:983-985.
Not in our library10.1126/science.6823562
147.
Loffredo S., Borriello F., Iannone R., Ferrara A.L., Galdiero M.R., Gigantino V., Esposito P., Varricchi G., Lambeau G., Cassatella M.A., et al. Group V Secreted Phospholipase A2 Induces the Release of Proangiogenic and Antiangiogenic Factors by Human Neutrophils. Front. Immunol. 2017;8:443.
Not in our library10.3389/fimmu.2017.00443
148.
Barleon B., Sozzani S., Zhou D., Weich H.A., Mantovani A., Marme D. Migration of human monocytes in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is mediated via the VEGF receptor flt-1. Blood. 1996;87:3336-3343.
Not in our library
149.
de Paulis A., Prevete N., Fiorentino I., Rossi F.W., Staibano S., Montuori N., Ragno P., Longobardi A., Liccardo B., Genovese A., et al. Expression and functions of the vascular endothelial growth factors and their receptors in human basophils. J. Immunol. 2006;177:7322-7331.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.7322
150.
Staiano R.I., Loffredo S., Borriello F., Iannotti F.A., Piscitelli F., Orlando P., Secondo A., Granata F., Lepore M.T., Fiorelli A., et al. Human lung-resident macrophages express CB1 and CB2 receptors whose activation inhibits the release of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors. J. Leukoc. Biol. 2016;99:531-540.
Not in our library10.1189/jlb.3hi1214-584r
151.
Bry M., Kivela R., Leppanen V.M., Alitalo K. Vascular endothelial growth factor-B in physiology and disease. Physiol. Rev. 2014;94:779-794.
Not in our library10.1152/physrev.00028.2013
152.
Clauss M., Weich H., Breier G., Knies U., Rockl W., Waltenberger J., Risau W. The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor Flt-1 mediates biological activities. Implications for a functional role of placenta growth factor in monocyte activation and chemotaxis. J. Biol. Chem. 1996;271:17629-17634.
Not in our library10.1074/jbc.271.30.17629
153.
Angiopoietin–Tie signalling in the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems · 2016
No notice
154.
Eklund L., Saharinen P. Angiopoietin signaling in the vasculature. Exp. Cell Res. 2013;319:1271-1280.
Not in our library10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.03.011
155.
Bosisio D., Ronca R., Salvi V., Presta M., Sozzani S. Dendritic cells in inflammatory angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2018;53:180-186.
Not in our library10.1016/j.coi.2018.05.011
156.
Bosisio D., Salvi V., Gagliostro V., Sozzani S. Angiogenic and antiangiogenic chemokines. Chem. Immunol. Allergy. 2014;99:89-104.
Not in our library10.1159/000353317
157.
Varricchi G., Granata F., Loffredo S., Genovese A., Marone G. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory skin disorders. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2015;73:144-153.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jaad.2015.03.041
158.
Boesiger J., Tsai M., Maurer M., Yamaguchi M., Brown L.F., Claffey K.P., Dvorak H.F., Galli S.J. Mast cells can secrete vascular permeability factor/ vascular endothelial cell growth factor and exhibit enhanced release after immunoglobulin E-dependent upregulation of fc epsilon receptor I expression. J. Exp. Med. 1998;188:1135-1145.
Not in our library10.1084/jem.188.6.1135
159.
Abdel-Majid R.M., Marshall J.S. Prostaglandin E2 induces degranulation-independent production of vascular endothelial growth factor by human mast cells. J. Immunol. 2004;172:1227-1236.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.172.2.1227
160.
Theoharides T.C., Zhang B., Kempuraj D., Tagen M., Vasiadi M., Angelidou A., Alysandratos K.D., Kalogeromitros D., Asadi S., Stavrianeas N., et al. IL-33 augments substance P-induced VEGF secretion from human mast cells and is increased in psoriatic skin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2010;107:4448-4453.
Not in our library10.1073/pnas.1000803107
161.
Wroblewski M., Bauer R., Cubas Cordova M., Udonta F., Ben-Batalla I., Legler K., Hauser C., Egberts J., Janning M., Velthaus J., et al. Mast cells decrease efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy by secreting matrix-degrading granzyme B. Nat. Commun. 2017;8:269.
Not in our library10.1038/s41467-017-00327-8
162.
Varricchi G., Galdiero M.R., Loffredo S., Lucarini V., Marone G., Mattei F., Schiavoni G. Eosinophils: The unsung heroes in cancer? Oncoimmunology. 2018;7:e1393134.
Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2017.1393134
163.
Carretero R., Sektioglu I.M., Garbi N., Salgado O.C., Beckhove P., Hammerling G.J. Eosinophils orchestrate cancer rejection by normalizing tumor vessels and enhancing infiltration of CD8(+) T cells. Nat. Immunol. 2015;16:609-617.
Not in our library10.1038/ni.3159
164.
Lucarini V., Ziccheddu G., Macchia I., La Sorsa V., Peschiaroli F., Buccione C., Sistigu A., Sanchez M., Andreone S., D’Urso M.T., et al. IL-33 restricts tumor growth and inhibits pulmonary metastasis in melanoma-bearing mice through eosinophils. Oncoimmunology. 2017;6:e1317420.
Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2017.1317420
165.
Meng X., Yu X., Dong Q., Xu X., Li J., Xu Q., Ma J., Zhou C. Distribution of circulating follicular helper T cells and expression of interleukin-21 and chemokine C-X-C ligand 13 in gastric cancer. Oncol. Lett. 2018;16:3917-3922.
Not in our library10.3892/ol.2018.9112
166.
The Pleiotropic Immunomodulatory Functions of IL-33 and Its Implications in Tumor Immunity · 2018
Not checked
167.
Bidirectional Mast Cell–Eosinophil Interactions in Inflammatory Disorders and Cancer · 2017
Not checked
168.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Donato G., Zuccala V., Russo E., Luposella M., Vescio G., Rizzuto A., Patruno R., De Sarro G., et al. Mast cell positivity to tryptase correlates with metastatic lymph nodes in gastrointestinal cancer patients treated surgically. Oncology. 2013;85:111-116.
Not in our library10.1159/000351145
169.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Sammarco G., Donato G., Zuccala V., Romano R., Luposella M., Patruno R., Vallicelli C., Verdecchia G.M., et al. Mast Cells Positive to Tryptase and c-Kit Receptor Expressing Cells Correlates with Angiogenesis in Gastric Cancer Patients Surgically Treated. Gastroenterol. Res. Pract. 2013;2013:703163.
Not in our library10.1155/2013/703163
170.
Increased intratumoral mast cells foster immune suppression and gastric cancer progression through TNF-α-PD-L1 pathway · 2019
Corrected
171.
Wang J.T., Li H., Zhang H., Chen Y.F., Cao Y.F., Li R.C., Lin C., Wei Y.C., Xiang X.N., Fang H.J., et al. Intratumoral IL17-producing cells infiltration correlate with antitumor immune contexture and improved response to adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer. Ann. Oncol. 2019;30:266-273.
Not in our library10.1093/annonc/mdy505
172.
Chang D.Z., Ma Y., Ji B., Wang H., Deng D., Liu Y., Abbruzzese J.L., Liu Y.J., Logsdon C.D., Hwu P. Mast cells in tumor microenvironment promotes the in vivo growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Clin. Cancer Res. 2011;17:7015-7023.
Not in our library10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-0607
173.
Esposito I., Menicagli M., Funel N., Bergmann F., Boggi U., Mosca F., Bevilacqua G., Campani D. Inflammatory cells contribute to the generation of an angiogenic phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J. Clin. Pathol. 2004;57:630-636.
Not in our library10.1136/jcp.2003.014498
174.
Soucek L., Buggy J.J., Kortlever R., Adimoolam S., Monclus H.A., Allende M.T., Swigart L.B., Evan G.I. Modeling pharmacological inhibition of mast cell degranulation as a therapy for insulinoma. Neoplasia. 2011;13:1093-1100.
Not in our library10.1593/neo.11980
175.
Soucek L., Lawlor E.R., Soto D., Shchors K., Swigart L.B., Evan G.I. Mast cells are required for angiogenesis and macroscopic expansion of Myc-induced pancreatic islet tumors. Nat. Med. 2007;13:1211-1218.
Not in our library10.1038/nm1649
176.
Strouch M.J., Cheon E.C., Salabat M.R., Krantz S.B., Gounaris E., Melstrom L.G., Dangi-Garimella S., Wang E., Munshi H.G., Khazaie K., et al. Crosstalk between mast cells and pancreatic cancer cells contributes to pancreatic tumor progression. Clin. Cancer Res. 2010;16:2257-2265.
Not in our library10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-1230
177.
Rao Q., Chen Y., Yeh C.R., Ding J., Li L., Chang C., Yeh S. Recruited mast cells in the tumor microenvironment enhance bladder cancer metastasis via modulation of ERbeta/CCL2/CCR2 EMT/MMP9 signals. Oncotarget. 2016;7:7842-7855.
Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.5467
178.
Suzuki S., Ichikawa Y., Nakagawa K., Kumamoto T., Mori R., Matsuyama R., Takeda K., Ota M., Tanaka K., Tamura T., et al. High infiltration of mast cells positive to tryptase predicts worse outcome following resection of colorectal liver metastases. BMC Cancer. 2015;15:840.
Not in our library10.1186/s12885-015-1863-z
179.
Correlation between serum tryptase, mast cells positive to tryptase and microvascular density in colo-rectal cancer patients: possible biological-clinical significance. · 2014
Not checked
180.
Malfettone A., Silvestris N., Saponaro C., Ranieri G., Russo A., Caruso S., Popescu O., Simone G., Paradiso A., Mangia A. High density of tryptase-positive mast cells in human colorectal cancer: A poor prognostic factor related to protease-activated receptor 2 expression. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2013;17:1025-1037.
Not in our library10.1111/jcmm.12073
181.
Gulubova M., Vlaykova T. Prognostic significance of mast cell number and microvascular density for the survival of patients with primary colorectal cancer. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2009;24:1265-1275.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1440-1746.2007.05009.x
182.
Tu J.F., Pan H.Y., Ying X.H., Lou J., Ji J.S., Zou H. Mast Cells Comprise the Major of Interleukin 17-Producing Cells and Predict a Poor Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Medicine. 2016;95:e3220.
Not in our library10.1097/md.0000000000003220
183.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Sammarco G., Piardi T., Zuccala V., Patruno R., Zullo A., Zizzo N., Nardo B., Marech I., et al. Mast cells positive to tryptase, endothelial cells positive to protease-activated receptor-2 and microvascular density correlate among themselves in hepatocellular carcinoma patients who have undergone surgery. Oncol. Targets Ther. 2016;9:4465-4471.
Not in our library10.2147/ott.s105368
184.
Ju M.J., Qiu S.J., Gao Q., Fan J., Cai M.Y., Li Y.W., Tang Z.Y. Combination of peritumoral mast cells and T-regulatory cells predicts prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Sci. 2009;100:1267-1274.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01182.x
185.
Nakayama T., Yao L., Tosato G. Mast cell-derived angiopoietin-1 plays a critical role in the growth of plasma cell tumors. J. Clin. Investig. 2004;114:1317-1325.
Not in our library10.1172/jci22089
186.
Amini R.M., Aaltonen K., Nevanlinna H., Carvalho R., Salonen L., Heikkila P., Blomqvist C. Mast cells and eosinophils in invasive breast carcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2007;7:165.
Not in our library10.1186/1471-2407-7-165
187.
Dabiri S., Huntsman D., Makretsov N., Cheang M., Gilks B., Bajdik C., Gelmon K., Chia S., Hayes M. The presence of stromal mast cells identifies a subset of invasive breast cancers with a favorable prognosis. Mod. Pathol. 2004;17:690-695.
Not in our library10.1038/modpathol.3800094
188.
Rajput A.B., Turbin D.A., Cheang M.C., Voduc D.K., Leung S., Gelmon K.A., Gilks C.B., Huntsman D.G. Stromal mast cells in invasive breast cancer are a marker of favourable prognosis: A study of 4,444 cases. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2008;107:249-257.
Not in our library10.1007/s10549-007-9546-3
189.
Pittoni P., Colombo M.P. The dark side of mast cell-targeted therapy in prostate cancer. Cancer Res. 2012;72:831-835.
Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3110
190.
Zhao S.G., Lehrer J., Chang S.L., Das R., Erho N., Liu Y., Sjostrom M., Den R.B., Freedland S.J., Klein E.A., et al. The Immune Landscape of Prostate Cancer and Nomination of PD-L2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2019;111:301-310.
Not in our library10.1093/jnci/djy141
191.
Carlini M.J., Dalurzo M.C., Lastiri J.M., Smith D.E., Vasallo B.C., Puricelli L.I., Lauria de Cidre L.S. Mast cell phenotypes and microvessels in non-small cell lung cancer and its prognostic significance. Hum. Pathol. 2010;41:697-705.
Not in our library10.1016/j.humpath.2009.04.029
192.
Shikotra A., Ohri C.M., Green R.H., Waller D.A., Bradding P. Mast cell phenotype, TNFalpha expression and degranulation status in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci. Rep. 2016;6:38352.
Not in our library10.1038/srep38352
193.
Welsh T.J., Green R.H., Richardson D., Waller D.A., O’Byrne K.J., Bradding P. Macrophage and mast-cell invasion of tumor cell islets confers a marked survival advantage in non-small-cell lung cancer. J. Clin. Oncol. 2005;23:8959-8967.
Not in our library10.1200/jco.2005.01.4910
194.
Cai S.W., Yang S.Z., Gao J., Pan K., Chen J.Y., Wang Y.L., Wei L.X., Dong J.H. Prognostic significance of mast cell count following curative resection for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Surgery. 2011;149:576-584.
Not in our library10.1016/j.surg.2010.10.009
195.
Holzel M., Landsberg J., Glodde N., Bald T., Rogava M., Riesenberg S., Becker A., Jonsson G., Tuting T. A Preclinical Model of Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor-like Melanoma Is Characterized by Infiltrating Mast Cells. Cancer Res. 2016;76:251-263.
Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1090
196.
Caruso R.A., Fedele F., Rigoli L., Inferrera C. Mast cell interaction with tumor cells in small early gastric cancer: Ultrastructural observations. Ultrastruct. Pathol. 1997;21:173-181.
Not in our library10.3109/01913129709021316
197.
Bruni C., Caschera F. Quantità e distribuzione delle Mastzellen nel carcinoma dello stomaco-Ricerca sistematica. Lav. Anat. Pat. Perugia. 1952;12:5-20.
Not in our library
198.
Yano H., Kinuta M., Tateishi H., Nakano Y., Matsui S., Monden T., Okamura J., Sakai M., Okamoto S. Mast cell infiltration around gastric cancer cells correlates with tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Gastric Cancer. 1999;2:26-32.
Not in our library10.1007/s101200050017
199.
Kondo K., Muramatsu M., Okamoto Y., Jin D., Takai S., Tanigawa N., Miyazaki M. Expression of chymase-positive cells in gastric cancer and its correlation with the angiogenesis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;93:36-43.
Not in our library10.1002/jso.20394
200.
Nakajima S., Bamba N., Hattori T. Histological aspects and role of mast cells in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastritis. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2004;20(Suppl. 1):165-170.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01974.x
201.
Moorchung N., Srivastava A.N., Gupta N.K., Malaviya A.K., Achyut B.R., Mittal B. The role of mast cells and eosinophils in chronic gastritis. Clin. Exp. Med. 2006;6:107-114.
Not in our library10.1007/s10238-006-0104-9
202.
de Paulis A., Prevete N., Rossi F.W., Rivellese F., Salerno F., Delfino G., Liccardo B., Avilla E., Montuori N., Mascolo M., et al. Helicobacter pylori Hp(2-20) promotes migration and proliferation of gastric epithelial cells by interacting with formyl peptide receptors in vitro and accelerates gastric mucosal healing in vivo. J. Immunol. 2009;183:3761-3769.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.0900863
203.
Piazuelo M.B., Camargo M.C., Mera R.M., Delgado A.G., Peek R.M., Correa H., Schneider B.G., Sicinschi L.A., Mora Y., Bravo L.E., et al. Eosinophils and mast cells in chronic gastritis: Possible implications in carcinogenesis. Hum. Pathol. 2008;39:1360-1369.
Not in our library10.1016/j.humpath.2008.01.012
204.
Ribatti D., Guidolin D., Marzullo A., Nico B., Annese T., Benagiano V., Crivellato E. Mast cells and angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma. Int. J. Exp. Pathol. 2010;91:350-356.
Not in our library10.1111/j.1365-2613.2010.00714.x
205.
Zhao Y., Wu K., Cai K., Zhai R., Tao K., Wang G., Wang J. Increased numbers of gastric-infiltrating mast cells and regulatory T cells are associated with tumor stage in gastric adenocarcinoma patients. Oncol. Lett. 2012;4:755-758.
Not in our library10.3892/ol.2012.830
206.
Blair R.J., Meng H., Marchese M.J., Ren S., Schwartz L.B., Tonnesen M.G., Gruber B.L. Human mast cells stimulate vascular tube formation. Tryptase is a novel, potent angiogenic factor. J. Clin. Investig. 1997;99:2691-2700.
Not in our library10.1172/jci119458
207.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Vescio G., Zuccala V., Luposella M., Patruno R., Zizzo N., Gadaleta C., Marech I., Ruggieri R., et al. Tryptase mast cell density, protease-activated receptor-2 microvascular density and classical microvascular density evaluation in gastric cancer patients undergoing surgery: Possible translational relevance. Ther. Adv. Gastroenterol. 2017;10:353-360.
Not in our library10.1177/1756283x16673981
208.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Sammarco G., Luposella M., Patruno R., Gadaleta C.D., Sarro G.D., Ranieri G. Mast Cell-Targeted Strategies in Cancer Therapy. Transfus. Med. Hemother. 2016;43:109-113.
Not in our library10.1159/000444942
209.
Ammendola M., Marech I., Sammarco G., Zuccala V., Luposella M., Zizzo N., Patruno R., Crovace A., Ruggieri E., Zito A.F., et al. Infiltrating mast cells correlate with angiogenesis in bone metastases from gastric cancer patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015;16:3237-3250.
Not in our library10.3390/ijms16023237
210.
Leporini C., Ammendola M., Marech I., Sammarco G., Sacco R., Gadaleta C.D., Oakley C., Russo E., De Sarro G., Ranieri G. Targeting mast cells in gastric cancer with special reference to bone metastases. World J. Gastroenterol. 2015;21:10493-10501.
Not in our library10.3748/wjg.v21.i37.10493
211.
Gaffen S.L., Jain R., Garg A.V., Cua D.J. The IL-23-IL-17 immune axis: From mechanisms to therapeutic testing. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2014;14:585-600.
Not in our library10.1038/nri3707
212.
Yamada Y., Saito H., Ikeguchi M. Prevalence and clinical relevance of Th17 cells in patients with gastric cancer. J. Surg. Res. 2012;178:685-691.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.055
213.
Zhuang Y., Peng L.S., Zhao Y.L., Shi Y., Mao X.H., Chen W., Pang K.C., Liu X.F., Liu T., Zhang J.Y., et al. CD8(+) T cells that produce interleukin-17 regulate myeloid-derived suppressor cells and are associated with survival time of patients with gastric cancer. Gastroenterology. 2012;143:951-962.e8.
Not in our library10.1053/j.gastro.2012.06.010
214.
Hueber A.J., Asquith D.L., Miller A.M., Reilly J., Kerr S., Leipe J., Melendez A.J., McInnes I.B. Mast cells express IL-17A in rheumatoid arthritis synovium. J. Immunol. 2010;184:3336-3340.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.0903566
215.
Lin A.M., Rubin C.J., Khandpur R., Wang J.Y., Riblett M., Yalavarthi S., Villanueva E.C., Shah P., Kaplan M.J., Bruce A.T. Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis. J. Immunol. 2011;187:490-500.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1100123
216.
Taams L.S., Steel K.J.A., Srenathan U., Burns L.A., Kirkham B.W. IL-17 in the immunopathogenesis of spondyloarthritis. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 2018;14:453-466.
Not in our library10.1038/s41584-018-0044-2
217.
Suurmond J., Habets K.L., Dorjee A.L., Huizinga T.W., Toes R.E. Expansion of Th17 Cells by Human Mast Cells Is Driven by Inflammasome-Independent IL-1beta. J. Immunol. 2016;197:4473-4481.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1502640
218.
Liu X., Jin H., Zhang G., Lin X., Chen C., Sun J., Zhang Y., Zhang Q., Yu J. Intratumor IL-17-positive mast cells are the major source of the IL-17 that is predictive of survival in gastric cancer patients. PLoS ONE. 2014;9:e106834.
Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0106834
219.
Ammendola M., Sacco R., Zuccala V., Luposella M., Patruno R., Gadaleta P., Zizzo N., Gadaleta C.D., De Sarro G., Sammarco G., et al. Mast Cells Density Positive to Tryptase Correlate with Microvascular Density in both Primary Gastric Cancer Tissue and Loco-Regional Lymph Node Metastases from Patients That Have Undergone Radical Surgery. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016;17:1905.
Not in our library10.3390/ijms17111905
220.
Varricchi G., Loffredo S., Borriello F., Pecoraro A., Rivellese F., Genovese A., Marone G., Spadaro G. Superantigenic Activation of Human Cardiac Mast Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019;20:1828.
Not in our library10.3390/ijms20081828
221.
Varricchi G., Pecoraro A., Loffredo S., Poto R., Rivellese F., Genovese A., Marone G., Spadaro G. Heterogeneity of human mast cells with respect to MRGPRX2 receptor expression and function. Front. Cell. Neurosci. 2019.
Not in our library10.3389/fncel.2019.00299
222.
Guidolin D., Ruggieri S., Annese T., Tortorella C., Marzullo A., Ribatti D. Spatial distribution of mast cells around vessels and glands in human gastric carcinoma. Clin. Exp. Med. 2017;17:531-539.
Not in our library10.1007/s10238-017-0452-7
223.
Sammarco G., Gadaleta C.D., Zuccala V., Albayrak E., Patruno R., Milella P., Sacco R., Ammendola M., Ranieri G. Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Mast Cells Positive to Tryptase Are Correlated with Angiogenesis in Surgically-Treated Gastric Cancer Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018;19:1176.
Not in our library10.3390/ijms19041176
224.
Nakae S., Suto H., Iikura M., Kakurai M., Sedgwick J.D., Tsai M., Galli S.J. Mast cells enhance T cell activation: Importance of mast cell costimulatory molecules and secreted TNF. J. Immunol. 2006;176:2238-2248.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.176.4.2238
225.
Rabenhorst A., Leja S., Schwaab J., Gehring M., Forster A., Arock M., Reiter A., Raap U., Hartmann K. Expression of programmed cell death ligand-1 in mastocytosis correlates with disease severity. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2016;137:314-318.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jaci.2015.07.006
226.
Lavin Y., Kobayashi S., Leader A., Amir E.D., Elefant N., Bigenwald C., Remark R., Sweeney R., Becker C.D., Levine J.H., et al. Innate Immune Landscape in Early Lung Adenocarcinoma by Paired Single-Cell Analyses. Cell. 2017;169:750-765.
Not in our library10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.014
227.
Varricchi G., Galdiero M.R., Tocchetti C.G. Cardiac Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Cardio-Oncology Meets Immunology. Circulation. 2017;136:1989-1992.
Not in our library10.1161/circulationaha.117.029626
228.
Tocchetti C.G., Galdiero M.R., Varricchi G. Cardiac Toxicity in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: It Is Now Time for Cardio-Immuno-Oncology. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2018;71:1765-1767.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.038
229.
Seo A.N., Kang B.W., Kwon O.K., Park K.B., Lee S.S., Chung H.Y., Yu W., Bae H.I., Jeon S.W., Kang H., et al. Intratumoural PD-L1 expression is associated with worse survival of patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric cancer. Br. J. Cancer. 2017;117:1753-1760.
Not in our library10.1038/bjc.2017.369
230.
De Rosa S., Sahnane N., Tibiletti M.G., Magnoli F., Vanoli A., Sessa F., Chiaravalli A.M. EBV(+) and MSI Gastric Cancers Harbor High PD-L1/PD-1 Expression and High CD8(+) Intratumoral Lymphocytes. Cancers. 2018;10:102.
Not in our library10.3390/cancers10040102
231.
Ammendola M., Leporini C., Marech I., Gadaleta C.D., Scognamillo G., Sacco R., Sammarco G., De Sarro G., Russo E., Ranieri G. Targeting mast cells tryptase in tumor microenvironment: A potential antiangiogenetic strategy. Biomed. Res. Int. 2014;2014:154702.
Not in our library10.1155/2014/154702
232.
Yu J., Zhang Y., Leung L.H., Liu L., Yang F., Yao X. Efficacy and safety of angiogenesis inhibitors in advanced gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Hematol. Oncol. 2016;9:111.
Not in our library10.1186/s13045-016-0340-8
233.
Chan D.L., Sjoquist K.M., Goldstein D., Price T.J., Martin A.J., Bang Y.J., Kang Y.K., Pavlakis N. The effect of anti-angiogenic agents on overall survival in metastatic oesophago-gastric cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0172307.
Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0172307
234.
Lotfi-Emran S., Ward B.R., Le Q.T., Pozez A.L., Manjili M.H., Woodfolk J.A., Schwartz L.B. Human mast cells present antigen to autologous CD4(+) T cells. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2018;141:311-321.
Not in our library10.1016/j.jaci.2017.02.048
235.
Kritikou E., van der Heijden T., Swart M., van Duijn J., Slutter B., Wezel A., Smeets H.J., Maffia P., Kuiper J., Bot I. Hypercholesterolemia Induces a Mast Cell-CD4(+) T Cell Interaction in Atherosclerosis. J. Immunol. 2019;202:1531-1539.
Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1800648
236.
Zaidi N., Jaffee E.M. Immunotherapy transforms cancer treatment. J. Clin. Investig. 2019;129:46-47.
Not in our library10.1172/jci126046
237.
Wu C., Zhu Y., Jiang J., Zhao J., Zhang X.G., Xu N. Immunohistochemical localization of programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance. Acta Histochem. 2006;108:19-24.
Not in our library10.1016/j.acthis.2006.01.003
238.
Abundant PD-L1 expression in Epstein-Barr Virus-infected gastric cancers · 2016
No notice
239.
Galli S.J., Borregaard N., Wynn T.A. Phenotypic and functional plasticity of cells of innate immunity: Macrophages, mast cells and neutrophils. Nat. Immunol. 2011;12:1035-1044.
Not in our library10.1038/ni.2109
240.
The Tumor Microenvironment: A Pitch for Multiple Players · 2013
No notice
241.
Valkenburg K.C., de Groot A.E., Pienta K.J. Targeting the tumour stroma to improve cancer therapy. Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol. 2018;15:366-381.
Not in our library10.1038/s41571-018-0007-1

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