CAR T-Cells Targeting the Integrin αvβ6 and Co-Expressing the Chemokine Receptor CXCR2 Demonstrate Enhanced Homing and Efficacy against Several Solid Malignancies

Abstract

Despite the unprecedented clinical success of chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T-cells against haematological malignancy, solid tumors impose a far greater challenge to success. Largely, this stems from an inadequate capacity of CAR T-cells that can traffic and maintain function within a hostile microenvironment. To enhance tumor-directed T-cell trafficking, we have engineered CAR T-cells to acquire heightened responsiveness to interleukin (IL)-8. Circulating IL-8 levels correlate with disease burden and prognosis in multiple solid tumors in which it exerts diverse pathological functions including angiogenesis, support of cancer stem cell survival, and recruitment of immunosuppressive myeloid cells. To harness tumor-derived IL-8 for therapeutic benefit, we have co-expressed either of its cognate receptors (CXCR1 or CXCR2) in CAR T-cells that target the tumor-associated αvβ6 integrin. We demonstrate here that CXCR2-expressing CAR T-cells migrate more efficiently towards IL-8 and towards tumor conditioned media that contains this cytokine. As a result, these CAR T-cells elicit superior anti-tumor activity against established αvβ6-expressing ovarian or pancreatic tumor xenografts, with a more favorable toxicity profile. These data support the further engineering of CAR T-cells to acquire responsiveness to cancer-derived chemokines in order to improve their therapeutic activity against solid tumors.

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Cited by papers we hold 8

• Harnessing the potential of CAR-T cell therapy: progress, challenges, and future directions in hematological and solid tumor treatments · 2023
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• The current landscape of CAR T-cell therapy for solid tumors: Mechanisms, research progress, challenges, and counterstrategies · 2023
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• CAR T-Cell-Based gene therapy for cancers: new perspectives, challenges, and clinical developments · 2022
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• Emerging Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) · 2022
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• Immunosuppression in tumor immune microenvironment and its optimization from CAR-T cell therapy · 2022
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• CAR T cells in solid tumors: challenges and opportunities · 2021
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• CAR-T cell therapy: current limitations and potential strategies · 2021
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• Gene modification strategies for next-generation CAR T cells against solid cancers · 2020
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