Skip to content
naulon
Get started

No retraction, correction or concern found when last checked on Oct 18, 2026.

Tumor Microenvironment: Extracellular Matrix Alterations Influence Tumor Progression

Sylvie Brassart-Pasco, Stéphane Brézillon, Bertrand Brassart and 3 more

Frontiers in Oncology · 2020 · Review · CC BY

doi:10.3389/fonc.2020.00397

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various cell types embedded in an altered extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM not only serves as a support for tumor cell but also regulates cell-cell or cell-matrix cross-talks. Alterations in ECM may be induced by hypoxia and acidosis, by oxygen free radicals generated by infiltrating inflammatory cells or by tumor- or stromal cell-secreted proteases. A poorer diagnosis for patients is often associated with ECM alterations. Tumor ECM proteome, also named cancer matrisome, is strongly altered, and different ECM protein signatures may be defined to serve as prognostic biomarkers. Collagen network reorganization facilitates tumor cell invasion. Proteoglycan expression and location are modified in the TME and affect cell invasion and metastatic dissemination. ECM macromolecule degradation by proteases may induce the release of angiogenic growth factors but also the release of proteoglycan-derived or ECM protein fragments, named matrikines or matricryptins. This review will focus on current knowledge and new insights in ECM alterations, degradation, and reticulation through cross-linking enzymes and on the role of ECM fragments in the control of cancer progression and their potential use as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Full text

From PubMed Central, U.S. National Library of Medicine, as current on Oct 18, 2026. Paragraph numbers are ours, so an answer can point at one.

Introduction

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex structure composed of a large variety of cell types embedded in a modified extracellular matrix (ECM), with bidirectional communication between cells and ECM macromolecules to determine tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. The communication may involve cell–cell contacts but may also be controlled by intact ECM macromolecules or by several of their domains released by limited proteolysis and called matrikines or matricryptins. In this review, we will focus on ECM alterations occurring in TME, on the role of released matrikines in the control of cancer progression, and on the potential use of ECM fragments as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Tumor Microenvironment: An Active Player in Cancer Progression

Tumors are diverse by the nature of their TME composition, stromal cell proportion, and activation states. TME undergoes transformations during tumor progression as a result of tissue remodeling. TME comprises a wide variety of cell types such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes, and immune and inflammatory cells. These different cells elicit cross-talks leading to cell activation and differentiation and alterations in ECM structural and biological properties facilitating tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastatic dissemination. Within the TME, different T cell and B cell populations infiltrate invasive tumors and draining lymphoid organs. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are either tissue-resident or derived from bone marrow or spleen and play an important role in tumorigenesis regulation by facilitating cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor cells lead to the recruitment of neutrophils in tumorigenesis sites by secreting chemokines and interleukin (IL)-8. Infiltration by neutrophils appears to confer a poor prognosis. A dominant cellular component is fibroblasts that exert a key role in cancer progression and metastasis. Fibroblasts are usually quiescent and become activated to differentiate into myofibroblasts, also called cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The main progenitors of CAFs come from resident fibroblasts, but CAFs can also come from smooth muscle cells, pericytes, or from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells leading to a heterogeneous cell population. Growth factors, secreted by tumor cells and infiltrating immune cells, largely govern stromal fibroblast recruitment. Transforming growth factor (TGF)β, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 are key mediators of fibroblast activation. CAFs become synthetic machines that produce TME components creating an ECM structure as well as metabolic and immune reprogramming of TME. CAF secretome includes growth factors [epidermal growth factor (EGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), FGF, or TGFβ] and some chemokines such as C-X-C motif ligand (CXCL)12 or stroma-derived factor (SDF)-1, which recruit circulating endothelial progenitor cells. These soluble factors, in conjunction with the angiogenic switch and several miRNAs, stimulate endothelial cells and their associated pericytes to develop tumor angiogenesis or lymphangiogenesis.

Metabolic Alterations in the Tumor Microenvironment

During the local growth of tumor, the surrounding vessels fail to meet the high demand of oxygen leading to hypoxic areas within the tumor and TME. Prolyl-hydroxylases are responsible for the labeling of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) to be degraded by 26S proteasome. Under hypoxic conditions, prolyl-hydroxylases are inhibited, leading to the stabilization of HIFs that induces the expression of various genes implicated in tumor progression. Moreover, hypoxic responses include the unfolded protein response (UPR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. mTOR signaling, through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway, largely contributes to the regulation of cell survival, growth, and metabolism through phosphorylation of the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1 protein) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase. HIF-1 is also a key regulator of the metabolic switch. By inducing specific gene expression, it alters the cellular metabolism, increasing glycolysis and lactate production. Lactate arises from glycolysis which takes place under hypoxic conditions, but in tumors, glycolysis can also take place in oxygenated areas.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase of inflammatory cells generates oxidative stress. Superoxide ions are converted into hypochlorous acid (HOCl) by myeloperoxidase and into OH∙ radicals. Tumor cells with a high metabolism also release reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted ROS production in CAFs. ROS induce oxidative stress in TME and activate HIF-1 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways, leading to an increase in autophagy. ROS also induce strong alterations in DNA, cell membrane, and ECM components. For example, collagen I is partially degraded by ROS and becomes more susceptible to proteolytic cleavage. Among proteases, neutrophils or TAMs secrete matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and-9 as well as neutrophil elastase that collaborates with CAF-secreted proteases to degrade ECM.

Main metabolic alterations of TME are summarized in Figure 1.

Extracellular Matrix Alterations in the Tumor Microenvironment

Another important feature of TME is the composition and organization of ECM, whose mechanical properties affect cell behavior. The ECM is mainly secreted by CAFs which produce more ECM proteins than normal fibroblasts. It is composed of various macromolecules including collagens, glycoproteins (fibronectin and laminins), proteoglycans, and polysaccharides with different physical and biological properties. Interstitial matrix, primarily synthesized by stromal cells, is rich in fibrillar collagens and proteoglycans. CAF secretome analyses show an increased secretion of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)1, thrombospondin-1, and elastin interface 2. Several splice variants of fibronectin ED-A and ED-B and tenascins C and W may be secreted by CAFs. Interstitial ECM is highly charged and hydrated and greatly participates in the tensile strength of tissues. Stiffness of neoplastic tumors is strongly higher than adjacent normal tissues. Cancer cells, CAFs, and TAMs, stimulated by hypoxia, modulate together ECM within the TME through an excessive deposition of structural components such as collagens, as well as cross-linking enzymes of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) and transglutaminase families, particularly LOX-1, LOXL-2, and transglutaminase-2. Collagen and elastin fibers are reoriented and cross-linked by LOX and transglutaminase, resulting in larger and more rigid fibrils that facilitate cell migration. Figure 1 summarizes the main ECM alterations in TME.

Extracellular Matrix Breakdown by Migrating Cancer Cells

A decisive hallmark in cancer progression is the crossing of ECM and basement membrane (BM) by cancer cells. To penetrate the ECM, cancer cells secrete a number of proteolytic enzymes of the MMP family. BMs are specialized ECMs which are more compact and less porous. They present a distinct composition with collagen IV and laminin interconnected networks and proteoglycans such as perlecan. Several other types of collagen are associated to the BM, collagens XV, XVIII, and XIX. During ECM-barrier crossing, proteases release soluble and active fragments referenced in Table 1, called matrikines or matricryptins which may control cancer progression.

Extracellular Matrix-Derived Fragments Influence Tumor Progression

The different matrikines derived from ECM macromolecules, collagens, glycoproteins, or proteoglycans may exert either pro- or anti-tumorigenic properties in various cancer models (Table 1). We and others demonstrated that collagen IV-derived matrikines (canstatin, tumstatin, and tetrastatin) and collagen XIX-derived matrikine act through binding to α3β1, α5β1, or αVβ3 integrins. The binding elicits an inhibition of the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway, which is one of the main intracellular pathways involved in TME metabolic alterations. The inhibition leads to a decrease in the proliferative and invasive properties of tumor cells in various cancer models. The main receptors, biological activities, and molecular mechanisms identified for ECM bioactive fragments are reported in Table 1 and are illustrated in Figure 2.

Extracellular Matrix Fragments as Tumor Biomarkers

During cancer progression, an excessive ECM remodeling by proteinases, especially MMPs, is observed, and small ECM fragments are released into the circulation. The levels of these fragments may represent a measure of tumor activity and invasiveness and could be proposed as biomarkers. Serum and biofluid biomarkers are easy to collect, noninvasive, low cost, and can be followed over the course of the disease. Identification of new biofluid biomarkers may help in early detection, diagnosis, disease monitoring, and in individual treatment selection and thus on patient outcome. However, the low concentrations of ECM-derived fragments in body fluids remain a limitation to the development of these biomarkers in daily practice.

Collagens

Type I collagen is a major ECM component susceptible to proteinase degradation during cancer progression. Type I collagen cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide (ICTP) measurement in patient sera appears to be useful for bone metastasis screening in lung cancer patients, including stage III–IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or extensive disease (ED) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). ICTP level in serum from patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma significantly correlates with tumor progression variables, including TNM stages (≥T2, N1, and M1), TNM stage ≥II, and maximal tumor length greater than 50 mm. A high level of ICTP in preoperated patient serum appears to be an important marker of better prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer and luminal-B-like [human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-negative] subtypes. The elevation of the cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) appears positively related with the development and progression of bone metastasis in lung cancer. NTx serum concentration may also have a prognostic value in patients with prostate cancer at diagnosis. A high level of serum NTx (>22 nmol BCE/L) is correlated with a reduction in overall survival (OS) in patients with NSCLC.

In the follow-up of patients with radical resection of colorectal carcinoma, the N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (marker of ECM synthesis) was reported as an early prognostic indicator of recurrence.

The serum level of tumstatin is significantly higher in patients with NSCLC compared to healthy patients.

The levels of markers reflecting type I (C1M), type III (C3M), and type IV (C4M, C4M12) collagen degradation by MMPs were significantly elevated in serum of ovarian or breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls.

Type VI collagen expression is correlated with various pro-tumorigenic events. Levels of type VI collagen α1 and α3 chain fragments, derived from MMP proteolysis, appear higher in serum from cancer patients (breast, colon, gastric, ovarian, pancreas, prostate cancer, NSCLC, SCLC, melanoma) compared to healthy patients and have promising diagnostic accuracy. Type VI collagen α3 chain circulating fragment levels were significantly higher in the serum of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients compared to healthy patients or patients with benign lesions.

Elevated serum endostatin levels were found in various human cancers including colorectal cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, and advanced-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. They are correlated with a favorable outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. On the contrary, high serum endostatin levels are associated with enhanced ECM degradation and poor patient outcome in patients with bladder cancer and with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Determination of soluble vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase receptor (sVEGFR)-1 and endostatin levels may be useful in the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions in patients with lung cancer. Preoperative serum VEGF and endostatin levels may be used for evaluating the biological behavior, invasion, and metastasis of gastric, hepatocellular, and colorectal carcinoma.

Elastin

Elastin fragments, released by proteases, are increased in the serum of stage I–IV NSCLC patients compared to healthy controls. These results suggest the use of elastin fragments as potential biomarkers, but further validations in clinical trials are needed.

Laminins

Laminins were reported to promote tumor progression. The serum level of LNγ2 fragments increases according to the T classification of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and decreases after the use of curative treatments. The level of LNγ2 fragments in serum may be useful to predict response to treatment of patients with HNSCC. The presence of soluble laminin fragments (ULN) corresponding to the N-terminal domain of the β2 chain was measured in urine of healthy subjects and patients with tumor. Mean level of ULN in lung tumor patients is significantly higher than that in healthy subjects. Serum laminin P1 fragment was studied in patients with SCLC and NSCLC and in normal subjects. The serum concentration of laminin P1 was elevated in 58.9% of SCLC and in 11.5% of NSCLC patients compared to healthy subjects. Median value in SCLC patients was significantly higher than that in NSCLC patients and in normal subjects. Urine laminin P1 measurement allows to discriminate between invasive and noninvasive urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder.

Proteoglycans

The cleavage of proteoglycans like aggrecan and versican by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) in epithelial ovarian cancer has been demonstrated and is considered of prognostic value.

Perlecan fragments in the serum of prostate cancer patients were correlated with overall MMP-7 staining levels in prostate cancer tissues. Domain IV fragments of perlecan were highlighted in stage IV patient sera, but not detected in normal patient sera, suggesting that perlecan is degraded during metastasis. The association of perlecan fragments in sera and MMP-7 expression in tissues reflects prostate cancer invasivity. In breast cancer, the level of the endorepellin LG3 fragment in serum was significantly lower in breast cancer patients compared to healthy subjects. This suggests the endorepellin LG3 fragment as a new potential serological biomarker in breast cancer.

NSCLC patients presenting tumors with a low concentration of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and high proteoglycan (PGs) levels presented better overall survival compared to patients with a high concentration of sulfated GAG and low expression of proteoglycans. These data suggest that matrix PGs could be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer.

Versican has been shown to be a potential biomarker in different cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colon cancer, and recently in ovarian cancer. Hope et al. provide a rational for testing versican proteolysis as a predictive and/or prognostic immune biomarker.

Lumcorin, a lumican-derived peptide mimics the inhibitory effect of lumican in melanoma progression. Lumikine, another lumican-derived peptide, promotes the healing of corneal epithelium debridement. These peptides might be putative cancer biomarkers but, to our knowledge, there are up to now no data in the literature describing lumican-derived peptides as biological markers in cancer.

Syndecan-1 was reported to play an immunomodulatory function in the polarization of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells that were isolated from the TME of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and non-IBC patients. These results suggest that syndecan-1 expression in tumor could offer therapeutic potential in breast cancer. Remarkably, syndecan-1 seems to be overexpressed in inflammatory breast cancer, making it a potential biomarker.

New biomarkers such as syndecan-2 gene methylation (with improved detection sensitivity and specificity at lower costs) should lead to a great improvement in colorectal cancer screening. Syndecan-2 gene methylation was reported as a frequent event in precancerous lesions and appears detectable in bowel lavage fluid to identify patients with colorectal cancer.

Syndecan-3- and aggrecan-peptides were recently described as novel biomarkers for the detection of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 are described as independent indicators in breast carcinomas. Peptides based on interaction motifs in syndecan-1 and syndecan-4, named synstatins or SSTN peptides, are potential therapeutic agents for carcinomas depending on the HER2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway for their invasion and survival.

Glypican-1 detected in exosomes was suggested as a putative biomarker for early detection of pancreatic and colorectal cancer.

Glypican-3 is an important player in the Wnt, Hedgehog, and YAP signaling cascades involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration. It is overexpressed in hepatocarcinoma and lung carcinoma and was reported as a poor prognosis marker in hepatocarcinoma. Glypican-3 represents a promising immunotherapeutic target. Different GPC3-targeting therapies have been developed: the use of humanized anti-GPC3 cytotoxic antibodies, the treatment with peptide/DNA vaccines, immunotoxin therapies, and genetic therapies.

The involvement of CD44 and hyaluronan (HA) and the interaction of both molecules were demonstrated in numerous cancers (Table 1) and suggest their potential as biomarkers. HA molecules may exert distinct effects depending on their size and concentration. High-molecular-weight HAs (HMW HAs) are involved in cell proliferation and tissue development, whereas low-molecular-weight HAs (LMW HAs) enhance angiogenesis. Serum level of LMW HA in patients with breast cancer was correlated with lymph node metastasis, and LMW HA was suggested as a cancer biomarker. An increase in HA levels induces tumor growth in mice and is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. The inhibition of HA synthesis/signaling or the depletion of HA in tumor stroma may be a promising therapeutic approach to fight against PDAC progression. HA was also reported to facilitate cell proliferation and invasiveness in malignant pleural mesothelioma and in melanoma and may be used as a biomarker for early diagnosis and management of these diseases.

Conclusion

ECM fragments evidenced peripheral tissue proteolysis by cancer cells and could control cancer progression by exerting both anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic properties. We showed that ECM-derived bioactive fragments are able to inhibit major transduction pathways involved in TME alterations, such as the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 pathway (Figure 2). They represent potent antitumor agents that might be useful in combination with conventional chemo-, immune-, and targeted therapies as part of personalized medicine. Moreover, they diffuse into the body and are easy to measure in the blood or body fluids and thus can represent valuable markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of numerous cancers.

Author Contributions

SB-P, SB, BB, and JM contributed to manuscript writing. LR and J-BO contributed to manuscript revision. J-BO designed Figure 2. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling Editor declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors BB.

References 165

  1. 1.

    Joyce JA Pollard JW. Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis. Nat Rev Cancer. (2009 ) 9:239–52.

    Not in our library10.1038/nrc2618

  2. 2.

    Quail DF Joyce JA. Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. Nat Med. (2013 ) 19:1423–37.

    Not in our library10.1038/nm.3394

  3. 3.

    Gregory AD Houghton AM. Tumor-associated neutrophils: new targets for cancer therapy. Cancer Res. (2011 ) 71:2411–6.

    Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2583

  4. 4.

    Kalluri R. The biology and function of fibroblasts in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. (2016 ) 16:582–98.

    Not in our library10.1038/nrc.2016.73

  5. 5.

    Martin M Wei H Lu T. Targeting microenvironment in cancer therapeutics. Oncotarget. (2016 ) 7:52575–83.

    Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.9824

  6. 6.

    Joyce JA. Therapeutic targeting of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell. (2005 ) 7:513–20.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.ccr.2005.05.024

  7. 7.
    Cancer Associated Fibroblasts: The Architects of Stroma Remodeling · 2018
    No notice
  8. 8.
    The Tumor Microenvironment and Strategies to Improve Drug Distribution · 2013
    Not checked
  9. 9.

    Laitala A Erler JT. Hypoxic signalling in tumour stroma. Front Oncol. (2018 ) 8:189.

    Not in our library10.3389/fonc.2018.00189

  10. 10.
    mTORC1 as a Regulator of Mitochondrial Functions and a Therapeutic Target in Cancer · 2019
    No notice
  11. 11.

    Escoté X Fajas L. Metabolic adaptation to cancer growth: From the cell to the organism. Cancer Lett. (2015 ) 356:171–5.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.canlet.2014.03.034

  12. 12.

    Lyssiotis CA Kimmelman AC. Metabolic interactions in the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cell Biol. (2017 ) 27:863–75.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.tcb.2017.06.003

  13. 13.

    Monboisse JC Gardès-Albert M Randoux A Borel JP Ferradini C. Collagen degradation by superoxide anion in pulse and gamma radiolysis. BBA Gen Subj. (1988 ) 965:29–35.

    Not in our library10.1016/0304-4165(88)90147-x

  14. 14.

    Socovich AM Naba A. The cancer matrisome: From comprehensive characterization to biomarker discovery. Semin Cell Dev Biol. (2019 ) 89:157–66.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.06.005

  15. 15.

    Grahovac J Wells A. Matrikine and matricellular regulators of EGF receptor signaling on cancer cell migration and invasion. Lab Investig. (2014 ) 94:31–40.

    Not in our library10.1038/labinvest.2013.132

  16. 16.
    Biophysics of Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Metastasis - A Mini Review · 2018
    No notice
  17. 17.

    Eble JA Niland S. The extracellular matrix in tumor progression and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis. (2019 ) 36:171–98.

    Not in our library10.1007/s10585-019-09966-1

  18. 18.

    Balkwill FR Capasso M Hagemann T. The tumor microenvironment at a glance. J Cell Sci. (2012 ) 125:5591–6.

    Not in our library10.1242/jcs.116392

  19. 19.

    Levental KR Yu H Kass L Lakins JN Egeblad M Erler JT. Matrix crosslinking forces tumor progression by enhancing integrin signaling. Cell. (2009 ) 139:891–906.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.cell.2009.10.027

  20. 20.

    Fernandes RJ Hirohata S Engle JM Colige A Cohn DH Eyre DR Procollagen II amino propeptide processing by ADAMTS-3. J Biol Chem. (2001 ) 120:453–65.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m103466200

  21. 21.

    Wang Z Bryan J Franz C Havlioglu N Sandell LJ Type IIB procollagen NH2-propeptide induces death of tumor cells via interaction with integrins αvβ3 and αvβ5. J Biol Chem. (2010 ) 285:20806–17.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m110.118521

  22. 22.

    Sandell LJ. Novel functions for Type II procollagen. Connect Tissue Res. (2014 ) 55:20–5.

    Not in our library10.3109/03008207.2013.867340

  23. 23.

    Sugiyama A Mitsui A Okada M Yamawaki H Cathepsin S degrades arresten and canstatin in infarcted area after myocardial infarction in rats. J Vet Med Sci. (2019 ) 103:1562–70.

    Not in our library10.1292/jvms.18-0674

  24. 24.

    Rebustini IT Myers C Lassiter KS Surmak A Szabova L Holmbeck K MT2-MMP-dependent release of collagen IV NC1 domains regulates submandibular gland branching morphogenesis. Dev Cell. (2009 ) 40:1581–96.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.devcel.2009.07.016

  25. 25.

    Aikio M Alahuhta I Nurmenniemi S Suojanen J Palovuori R Teppo S. Arresten, a collagen-derived angiogenesis inhibitor, suppresses invasion of squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS ONE. (2012 ) 7:e51044.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0051044

  26. 26.

    Sudhakar A Nyberg P Keshamouni VG Mannam AP Li J Sugimoto H Human α1 type IV collagen NC1 domain exhibits distinct antiangiogenic activity mediated by α1β1 integrin. J Clin Invest. (2005 ) 317:2562–72.

    Not in our library10.1172/jci24813

  27. 27.

    Magnon C Galaup A Mullan B Rouffiac V Bidart JM Griscelli F Canstatin acts on endothelial and tumor cells via mitochondrial damage initiated through interaction with αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins. Cancer Res. (2005 ) 8:9837

    Not in our library10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-3536

  28. 28.

    Okada M Yamawaki H A current perspective of canstatin, a fragment of type IV collagen alpha 2 chain. J Pharmacol Sci. (2019 ) 7:122–34.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jphs.2018.12.001

  29. 29.

    Hwang-Bo J Park JH Bae MG Chung IS. Recombinant canstatin inhibits VEGF-A-induced lymphangiogenesis and metastasis in an oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC-VII animal model. Cancer Med. (2016 ) 5:2977–88.

    Not in our library10.1002/cam4.866

  30. 30.

    Xing YN Deng P Xu HM Canstatin induces apoptosis in gastric cancer xenograft growth in mice through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Biosci Rep. (2014 ) 7:255–65.

    Not in our library10.1042/bsr20140012

  31. 31.

    Hamano Y Zeisberg M Sugimoto H Lively JC Maeshima Y Yang C Physiological levels of tumstatin, a fragment of collagen IV α3 chain, are generated by MMP-9 proteolysis and suppress angiogenesis via αVβ3 integrin. Cancer Cell. (2003 ) 28:101–9.

    Not in our library10.1016/s1535-6108(03)00133-8

  32. 32.

    Pedchenko V Zent R Hudson BG α v β 3 and α v β 5 integrins bind both the proximal RGD site and non-RGD motifs within noncollagenous (NC1) domain of the α3 chain of type IV collagen: Implication for the mechanism of endothelial cell adhesion. J Biol Chem. (2004 ) 61:1022–8.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m311901200

  33. 33.

    Monboisse JC Oudart JB Ramont L Brassart-Pasco S Maquart FX. Matrikines from basement membrane collagens: a new anti-cancer strategy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. (2014 ) 1840:2589–98.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.12.029

  34. 34.

    Ricard-Blum S Vallet SD Fragments generated upon extracellular matrix remodeling: Biological regulators and potential drugs. Matrix Biol. (2019 ) 57–8:285–98.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.005

  35. 35.

    Maeshima Y Colorado PC Kalluri R Two RGD-independent α(v)β3 integrin binding sites on tumstatin regulate distinct anti-tumor properties. J Biol Chem. (2000 ) 56:381–91.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.c000186200

  36. 36.

    Floquet N Pasco S Ramont L Derreumaux P Laronze JY Nuzillard JM The antitumor properties of the α3(IV)-(185-203) peptide from the NC1 domain of type IV collagen (Tumstatin) are conformation-dependent. J Biol Chem. (2004 ) 278:4238–49.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m307736200

  37. 37.

    Brassart-Pasco S Sénéchal K Thevenard J Ramont L Devy J Di Stefano L. Tetrastatin, the NC1 domain of the α4(IV) collagen chain: A novel potent anti-tumor matrikine. PLoS ONE. (2012 ) 7:e29587.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0029587

  38. 38.

    Lambert E Fuselier E Ramont L Brassart B Dukic S Oudart JB Conformation-dependent binding of a Tetrastatin peptide to αvβ3 integrin decreases melanoma progression through FAK/PI3K/Akt pathway inhibition. Sci Rep. (2018 ) 6:30599

    Not in our library10.1038/s41598-018-28003-x

  39. 39.

    Pasco S Ramont L Venteo L Pluot M Maquart FX Monboisse JC. In vivo overexpression of tumstatin domains by tumor cells inhibits their invasive properties in a mouse melanoma model. Exp Cell Res. (2004 ) 301:251–65.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.07.036

  40. 40.

    Thevenard J Floquet N Ramont L Prost E Nuzillard JM Dauchez M. Structural and antitumor properties of the YSNSG cyclopeptide derived from tumstatin. Chem Biol. (2006 ) 13:1307–15.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.chembiol.2006.10.007

  41. 41.

    Karagiannis ED Popel AS Identification of novel short peptides derived from the α4, α5, and α6 fibrils of type IV collagen with anti-angiogenic properties. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. (2007 ) 17:687–98.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.12.231

  42. 42.

    Weckmann M Moir LM Heckman CA Black JL Oliver BG Burgess JK Lamstatin - a novel inhibitor of lymphangiogenesis derived from collagen IV. J Cell Mol Med. (2012 ) 35:34–41.

    Not in our library10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01648.x

  43. 43.

    Koskimaki JE Karagiannis ED Tang BC Hammers H Watkins DN Pili R Pentastatin-1, a collagen IV derived 20-mer peptide, suppresses tumor growth in a small cell lung cancer xenograft model. BMC Cancer. (2010 ) 128:680–5.

    Not in our library10.1186/1471-2407-10-29

  44. 44.

    Mundel TM Yliniemi AM Maeshima Y Sugimoto H Kieran M Kalluri R. Type IV collagen α6 chain-derived noncollagenous domain 1 (α6(IV)NC1) inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth. Int J Cancer. (2008 ) 122:1738–44.

    Not in our library10.1002/ijc.23269

  45. 45.

    Li Y Li J Woo YM Shen Z Yao H Cai Y Enhanced expression of Vastatin inhibits angiogenesis and prolongs survival in murine orthotopic glioblastoma model. BMC Cancer. (2017 ) 588:4319–24.

    Not in our library10.1186/s12885-017-3125-8

  46. 46.

    Shen Z Yao C Wang Z Yue L Fang Z Yao H. Vastatin, an endogenous antiangiogenesis polypeptide that is lost in hepatocellular carcinoma, effectively inhibits tumor metastasis. Mol Ther. (2016 ) 75–6:271–85.

    Not in our library10.1038/mt.2016.56

  47. 47.

    Ramchandran R Dhanabal M Volk R Waterman MJF Segal M Lu H Antiangiogenic activity of restin, NC10 domain of human collagen XV: Comparison to endostatin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. (1999 ) 118:9152–232.

    Not in our library10.1006/bbrc.1999.0248

  48. 48.

    Lu Z Jiao D Qiao J Yang S Yan M Cui S Restin suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis in breast cancer cells through upregulating mir-200a/b expression via association with p73. Mol Cancer. (2015 ) 62:125–33.

    Not in our library10.1186/s12943-015-0370-9

  49. 49.

    Wu Y Lu F Qi Y Wang R Zhang J Lu Z Interaction of Restin with transcription factors. Sci China Ser C Life Sci. (2005 ) 8:e82730

    Not in our library10.1360/04yc0073

  50. 50.

    Wickström SA Alitalo K Keski-Oja J. Endostatin associates with integrin alpha5beta1 and caveolin-1, and activates Src via a tyrosyl phosphatase-dependent pathway in human endothelial cells. Cancer Res. (2002 ) 62:5580–9.

    Not in our library

  51. 51.

    Walia A Yang JF Huang YH Rosenblatt MI Chang JH Azar DT Endostatin's emerging roles in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, disease, and clinical applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. (2015 ) 280:2194–206.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.007

  52. 52.

    Digtyar AV Pozdnyakova NV Feldman NB Lutsenko SV Severin SE Endostatin: current concepts about its biological role and mechanisms of action. Biochem. (2007 ) 132:235–246.

    Not in our library10.1134/s0006297907030017

  53. 53.

    Hamano Y Kalluri R Tumstatin, the NC1 domain of α3 chain of type IV collagen, is an endogenous inhibitor of pathological angiogenesis and suppresses tumor growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. (2005 ) 652:50–8.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.130

  54. 54.

    Hendaoui I Lavergne E Lee HS Hong SH Kim HZ Parent C. Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling by a soluble Collagen-Derived frizzled domain interacting with Wnt3a and the receptors frizzled 1 and 8. PLoS ONE. (2012 ) 7:e30601.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0030601

  55. 55.

    Oudart JB Brassart-Pasco S Vautrin A Sellier C Machado C Dupont-Deshorgue A Plasmin releases the anti-tumor peptide from the NC1 domain of collagen XIX. Oncotarget. (2015 ) 5:e202

    Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.2849

  56. 56.

    Oudart JB Doué M Vautrin A Brassart B Sellier C Dupont-Deshorgue A The anti-tumor NC1 domain of collagen XIX inhibits the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway through αvβ3 integrin interaction. Oncotarget. (2016 ) 41:1010428319847081

    Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.6399

  57. 57.

    Oudart JB Monboisse JC Maquart FX Brassart B Brassart-Pasco S Ramont L Type XIX collagen: a new partner in the interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment. Matrix Biol. (2017 ) 13:347–61.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2016.07.010

  58. 58.

    Heinz A Jung MC Jahreis G Rusciani A Duca L Debelle L The action of neutrophil serine proteases on elastin and its precursor. Biochimie. (2012 ) 2015:563818

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biochi.2011.10.006

  59. 59.

    Heinz A Jung MC Duca L Sippl W Taddese S Ihling C. Degradation of tropoelastin by matrix metalloproteinases - Cleavage site specificities and release of matrikines. FEBS J. (2010 ) 277:1939–56.

    Not in our library10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07616.x

  60. 60.

    Mora Huertas AC Schmelzer CEH Luise C Sippl W Pietzsch M Hoehenwarter W. Degradation of tropoelastin and skin elastin by neprilysin. Biochimie. (2018 ) 146:73–8.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biochi.2017.11.018

  61. 61.

    Pocza P Süli-Vargha H Darvas Z Falus A. Locally generated VGVAPG and VAPG elastin-derived peptides amplify melanoma invasion via the galectin-3 receptor. Int J Cancer. (2008 ) 122:1972–80.

    Not in our library10.1002/ijc.23296

  62. 62.

    Brassart B Da Silva J Donet M Seurat E Hague F Terryn C. Tumour cell blebbing and extracellular vesicle shedding: key role of matrikines and ribosomal protein SA. Br J Cancer. (2019 ) 120:453–65.

    Not in our library10.1038/s41416-019-0382-0

  63. 63.

    Robinet A Fahem A Cauchard J-H Huet E Vincent L Lorimier S. Elastin-derived peptides enhance angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis through upregulation of MT1-MMP. J Cell Sci. (2005 ) 118:343–56.

    Not in our library10.1242/jcs.01613

  64. 64.

    Ntayi C Labrousse AL Debret R Birembaut P Bellon G Antonicelli F Elastin-derived peptides upregulate matrix metalloproteinase-2-ediated melanoma cell invasion through elastin-binding protein. J Invest Dermatol. (2004 ) 122:256–65.

    Not in our library10.1046/j.0022-202x.2004.22228.x

  65. 65.

    Devy J Duca L Cantarelli B Joseph-Pietras D Scandolera A Rusciani A. Elastin-derived peptides enhance melanoma growth in vivo by upregulating the activation of Mcol-A (MMP-1) collagenase. Br J Cancer. (2010 ) 103:1562–70.

    Not in our library10.1038/sj.bjc.6605926

  66. 66.

    Fahem A Robinet A Cauchard JH Duca L Soula-Rothhut M Rothhut B. Elastokine-mediated up-regulation of MT1-MMP is triggered by nitric oxide in endothelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. (2008 ) 40:1581–96.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.biocel.2007.11.022

  67. 67.

    Debret R Le Naour RR Sallenave JM Deshorgue A Hornebeck WG Guenounou M. Elastin fragments induce IL-1β upregulation via NF-κB pathway in melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. (2006 ) 126:1860–8.

    Not in our library10.1038/sj.jid.5700337

  68. 68.

    Kikkawa Y Hozumi K Katagiri F Nomizu M Kleinman HK Koblinski JE. Laminin-111-derived peptides and cancer. Cell Adhes Migr. (2013 ) 7:150–9.

    Not in our library10.4161/cam.22827

  69. 69.

    Li B Qiu T Zhang P Wang X Yin Y Li S. IKVAV regulates ERK1/2 and Akt signalling pathways in BMMSC population growth and proliferation. Cell Prolif. (2014 ) 47:133–45.

    Not in our library10.1111/cpr.12094

  70. 70.

    Nascimento CF de Siqueira AS Pinheiro JJV Freitas VM Jaeger RG. Laminin-111 derived peptides AG73 and C16 regulate invadopodia activity of a human adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line. Exp Cell Res. (2011 ) 317:2562–72.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.08.022

  71. 71.

    Rousselle P Beck K. Laminin 332 processing impacts cellular behavior. Cell Adhes Migr. (2013 ) 7:122–34.

    Not in our library10.4161/cam.23132

  72. 72.

    Kusuma N Anderson RL Pouliot N. Laminin α5-derived peptides modulate the properties of metastatic breast tumour cells. Clin Exp Metastasis. (2011 ) 28:909–21.

    Not in our library10.1007/s10585-011-9422-8

  73. 73.

    Ambesi A McKeown-Longo PJ. Anastellin, the angiostatic fibronectin peptide, is a selective inhibitor of lysophospholipid signaling. Mol Cancer Res. (2009 ) 7:255–65.

    Not in our library10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0195

  74. 74.

    You R Klein RM Zheng M McKeown-Longo PJ. Regulation of p38 MAP kinase by anastellin is independent of anastellin's effect on matrix fibronectin. Matrix Biol. (2009 ) 28:101–9.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2009.01.003

  75. 75.

    Lima MA Dos Santos L Turri JA Nonogaki S Buim M Lima JF Prognostic value of ADAMTS proteases and their substrates in epithelial ovarian cancer. Pathobiology. (2016 ) 12:508–15.

    Not in our library10.1159/000446244

  76. 76.

    Liu N Lapcevich RK Underhill CB Han Z Gao F Swartz G. Metastatin: a hyaluronan-binding complex from cartilage that inhibits tumor growth. Cancer Res. (2001 ) 61:1022–8.

    Not in our library

  77. 77.

    Grindel B Li Q Arnold R Petros J Zayzafoon M Muldoon M Perlecan/HSPG2 and matrilysin/MMP-7 as indices of tissue invasion: Tissue localization and circulating perlecan fragments in a cohort of 288 radical prostatectomy patients. Oncotarget. (2016 ) 59:615–29.

    Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.11976

  78. 78.

    Gubbiotti MA Neill T Iozzo RV. A current view of perlecan in physiology and pathology: a mosaic of functions. Matrix Biol. (2017 ) 57–8:285–98.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2016.09.003

  79. 79.

    Douglass S Goyal A Iozzo RV. The role of perlecan and endorepellin in the control of tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. Connect Tissue Res. (2015 ) 56:381–91.

    Not in our library10.3109/03008207.2015.1045297

  80. 80.

    Mongiat M Sweeney SM San Antonio JD Fu J Iozzo RV. Endorepellin, a novel inhibitor of angiogenesis derived from the C terminus of perlecan. J Biol Chem. (2003 ) 278:4238–49.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m210445200

  81. 81.

    Le BV Kim H Choi J Kim JH Hahn MJ Lee C Crystal structure of the LG3 domain of endorepellin, an angiogenesis inhibitor. J Mol Biol. (2011 ) 414:231–42.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.jmb.2011.09.048

  82. 82.

    Goyal A Gubbiotti MA Chery DR Han L Iozzo RV. Endorepellin-evoked autophagy contributes to angiostasis. J Biol Chem. (2016 ) 291:19245–56.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m116.740266

  83. 83.

    Poluzzi C Iozzo RV Schaefer L. Endostatin and endorepellin: a common route of action for similar angiostatic cancer avengers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. (2016 ) 97:156–73.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.012

  84. 84.

    Gubbiotti MA Iozzo RV. Proteoglycans regulate autophagy via outside-in signaling: an emerging new concept. Matrix Biol. (2015 ) 48:6–13.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2015.10.002

  85. 85.

    Neill T Andreuzzi E Wang ZX Peiper SC Mongiat M Iozzo RV. Endorepellin remodels the endothelial transcriptome toward a pro-autophagic and pro-mitophagic gene signature. J Biol Chem. (2018 ) 293:12137–48.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.ra118.002934

  86. 86.

    McCulloch DR Nelson CM Dixon LJ Silver DL Wylie JD Lindner V. ADAMTS metalloproteases generate active versican fragments that regulate interdigital web regression. Dev Cell. (2009 ) 17:687–98.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.devcel.2009.09.008

  87. 87.

    Nandadasa S Foulcer S Apte SS. The multiple, complex roles of versican and its proteolytic turnover by ADAMTS proteases during embryogenesis. Matrix Biol. (2014 ) 35:34–41.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2014.01.005

  88. 88.

    Hope C Foulcer S Jagodinsky J Chen SX Jensen JL Patel S. Immunoregulatory roles of versican proteolysis in the myeloma microenvironment. Blood. (2016 ) 128:680–5.

    Not in our library10.1182/blood-2016-03-705780

  89. 89.

    Zeltz C Brézillon S Käpylä J Eble JA Bobichon H Terryn C Lumican inhibits cell migration through α2?1 integrin. Exp Cell Res. (2010 ) 316:2922–31.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.08.002

  90. 90.

    Pietraszek K Chatron-Colliet A Brézillon S Perreau C Jakubiak-Augustyn A Krotkiewski H. Lumican: a new inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-14 activity. FEBS Lett. (2014 ) 588:4319–24.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.040

  91. 91.

    Pietraszek-Gremplewicz K Karamanou K Niang A Dauchez M Belloy N Maquart FX. Small leucine-rich proteoglycans and matrix metalloproteinase-14: key partners? Matrix Biol. (2019 ) 75–6:271–85.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.006

  92. 92.

    Gesteira TF Coulson-Thomas VJ Yuan Y Zhang J Nader HB Kao WWY Lumican peptides: rational design targeting ALK5/TGFBRI. Sci Rep. (2017 ) 5:e1238542

    Not in our library10.1038/srep42057

  93. 93.

    Brézillon S Pietraszek K Maquart FX Wegrowski Y. Lumican effects in the control of tumour progression and their links with metalloproteinases and integrins. FEBS J. (2013 ) 280:2369–81.

    Not in our library10.1111/febs.12210

  94. 94.

    Pietraszek K Brézillon S Perreau C Malicka-Błaszkiewicz M Maquart FX Wegrowski Y. Lumican - derived peptides inhibit melanoma cell growth and migration. PLoS ONE. (2013 ) 8:e76232.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0076232

  95. 95.

    Karamanos NK Piperigkou Z Theocharis AD Watanabe H Franchi M Baud S. Proteoglycan chemical diversity drives multifunctional cell regulation and therapeutics. Chem Rev. (2018 ) 118:9152–232.

    Not in our library10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00354

  96. 96.

    Karamanou K Franchi M Vynios D Brézillon S. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and invadopodia markers in breast cancer: Lumican a key regulator. Semin Cancer Biol. (2019 ) 62:125–33.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.003

  97. 97.

    Zeltz C Brézillon S Perreau C Ramont L Maquart FX Wegrowski Y Lumcorin: a leucine-rich repeat 9-derived peptide from human lumican inhibiting melanoma cell migration. FEBS Lett. (2009 ) 62:639–52.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.febslet.2009.08.012

  98. 98.
    Lumican binds ALK5 to promote epithelium wound healing. · 2013
    Not checked
  99. 99.

    Saleh ME Gadalla R Hassan H Afifi A Götte M El-Shinawi M The immunomodulatory role of tumor Syndecan-1 (CD138) on ex vivo tumor microenvironmental CD4+ T cell polarization in inflammatory and non-inflammatory breast cancer patients. PLoS ONE. (2019 ) 18:3686–3696.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0217550

  100. 100.

    Rapraeger AC. Synstatin: a selective inhibitor of the syndecan-1-coupled IGF1R-αvβ3 integrin complex in tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. FEBS J. (2013 ) 280:2207–15.

    Not in our library10.1111/febs.12160

  101. 101.

    Rapraeger AC Ell BJ Roy M Li X Morrison OR Thomas GM. Vascular endothelial-cadherin stimulates syndecan-1-coupled insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and cross-talk between αvβ3 integrin and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 at the onset of endothelial cell dissemination during angiogenesis. FEBS J. (2013 ) 280:2194–206.

    Not in our library10.1111/febs.12134

  102. 102.

    Jung O Beauvais DLM Adams KM Rapraeger AC. VLA-4 phosphorylation during tumor and immune cell migration relies on its coupling to VEGFR2 and CXCR4 by syndecan-1. J Cell Sci. (2019 ) 132:jcs232645.

    Not in our library10.1242/jcs.232645

  103. 103.

    Metwaly HA El-Gayar AM El-Shishtawy MM. Inhibition of the signaling pathway of syndecan-1 by synstatin: a promising anti-integrin inhibitor of angiogenesis and proliferation in HCC in rats. Arch Biochem Biophys. (2018 ) 652:50–8.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.abb.2018.06.007

  104. 104.

    Wang H Jin H Rapraeger AC Syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 capture epidermal growth factor receptor family members and the α3β1 integrin via binding sites in their ectodomains: novel synstatins prevent kinase capture and inhibitα6β4-integrindependent epithelial cell motility. J Biol Chem. (2015 ) 18:58

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m115.679084

  105. 105.

    Beauvais DM Ell BJ McWhorter AR Rapraeger AC Syndecan-1 regulates α vβ 3 and α vβ 5 integrin activation during angiogenesis and is blocked by synstatin, a novel peptide inhibitor. J Exp Med. (2009 ) 206:691–705.

    Not in our library10.1084/jem.20081278

  106. 106.

    Jung O Trapp-Stamborski V Purushothaman A Jin H Wang H Sanderson RD. Heparanase-induced shedding of syndecan-1/CD138 in myeloma and endothelial cells activates VEGFR2 and an invasive phenotype: prevention by novel synstatins. Oncogenesis. (2016 ) 5:e202.

    Not in our library10.1038/oncsis.2016.5

  107. 107.

    Shimizu Y Suzuki T Yoshikawa T Endo I Nakatsura T. Next-generation cancer immunotherapy targeting glypican-3. Front Oncol. (2019 ) 57–8:169–77.

    Not in our library10.3389/fonc.2019.00248

  108. 108.

    Zhou F Shang W Yu X Tian J Glypican-3: a promising biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis and treatment. Med Res Rev. (2018 ) 13:1307–15.

    Not in our library10.1002/med.21455

  109. 109.

    Li N Wei L Liu X Bai H Ye Y Li D. A frizzled-like cysteine-rich domain in glypican-3 mediates Wnt binding and regulates hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth in mice. Hepatology. (2019 ) 70:1231–45.

    Not in our library10.1002/hep.30646

  110. 110.

    Kolluri A Ho M. The role of glypican-3 in regulating Wnt, YAP, and Hedgehog in liver cancer. Front Oncol. (2019 ) 9:708.

    Not in our library10.3389/fonc.2019.00708

  111. 111.

    Yang C Cao M Liu H He Y Xu J Du Y. The high and low molecular weight forms of hyaluronan have distinct effects on CD44 clustering. J Biol Chem. (2012 ) 287:43094–107.

    Not in our library10.1074/jbc.m112.349209

  112. 112.

    Sato N Kohi S Hirata K Goggins M Role of hyaluronan in pancreatic cancer biology and therapy: once again in the spotlight. Cancer Sci. (2016 ) 277:1939–56.

    Not in our library10.1111/cas.12913

  113. 113.

    Adamia S Pilarski PM Belch AR Pilarski LM. Aberrant splicing, Hyaluronan synthases and intracellular Hyaluronan as drivers of oncogenesis and potential drug targets. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. (2013 ) 13:347–61.

    Not in our library10.2174/1568009611313040001

  114. 114.

    Karousou E Misra S Ghatak S Dobra K Götte M Vigetti D Roles and targeting of the HAS/hyaluronan/CD44 molecular system in cancer. Matrix Biol. (2017 ) 94:192–202.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.matbio.2016.10.001

  115. 115.

    Kehlet SN Sanz-Pamplona R Brix S Leeming DJ Karsdal MA Moreno V Excessive collagen turnover products are released during colorectal cancer progression and elevated in serum from metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Sci Rep. (2016 ) 12:e0187860

    Not in our library10.1038/srep30599

  116. 116.

    Tang C Liu Y Qin H Li X Guo W Li J Clinical significance of serum BAP, TRACP 5b and ICTP as bone metabolic markers for bone metastasis screening in lung cancer patients. Clin Chim Acta. (2013 ) 436:316–18.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.011

  117. 117.

    Nabeya Y Shimada H Okazumi S Matsubara H Gunji Y Suzuki T. Serum cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) as a prognostic tumor marker in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer. (2002 ) 94:940–9.

    Not in our library10.1002/cncr.10267

  118. 118.
    Elevated preoperative serum levels of collagen I carboxyterminal telopeptide predict better outcome in early-stage luminal-B-like (HER2-negative) and triple-negative subtypes of breast cancer · 2019
    Not checked
  119. 119.

    Liu B Zhao Y Yuan J Zeng L Sun R Meng X. Elevated N-telopeptide as a potential diagnostic marker for bone metastasis in lung cancer: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. (2017 ) 12:693–8.

    Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0187860

  120. 120.

    Jablonka F Alves B da CA de Oliveira CGB Wroclawski ML Szwarc M Vitória W de O Serum crosslinked-N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx) has prognostic implications for patients with initial prostate carcinoma (PCa): A pilot study. Clin Chim Acta. (2014 ) 18:7–15.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.cca.2014.06.025

  121. 121.

    Tamiya M Kobayashi M Morimura O Yasue T Nakasuji T Satomu M Clinical significance of the serum crosslinked N-telopeptide of type i collagen as a prognostic marker for non-small-cell lung cancer. Clin Lung Cancer. (2013 ) 111:1605–13.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.cllc.2012.03.012

  122. 122.

    Plebani M Basso D Roveroni G De Paoli M Galeotti F Corsini A. N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen: a possible predictor of colorectal carcinoma recurrence. Cancer. (1997 ) 79:1299–303.

    Not in our library10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970401)79:7<1299::aid-cncr5>3.0.co;2-c

  123. 123.

    Nielsen SH Willumsen N Brix S Sun S Manon-Jensen T Karsdal M Tumstatin, a matrikine derived from collagen type IVα3, is elevated in serum from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Oncol. (2018 ) 130:2922–9.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.tranon.2018.02.005

  124. 124.

    Willumsen N Bager CL Leeming DJ Smith V Karsdal MA Dornan D Extracellular matrix specific protein fingerprints measured in serum can separate pancreatic cancer patients from healthy controls. BMC Cancer. (2013 ) 97:2767–75.

    Not in our library10.1186/1471-2407-13-554

  125. 125.

    Willumsen N Bager C Karsdal MA Matrix metalloprotease generated fragments of type VI collagen have serum biomarker potential in cancer - a proof of concept study. Transl Oncol. (2019 ) 63:1371–8.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.tranon.2019.02.004

  126. 126.

    Kang CY Wang J Axell-House D Soni P Chu ML Chipitsyna G Clinical significance of serum COL6A3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg. (2014 ) 59:1865–8.

    Not in our library10.1007/s11605-013-2326-y

  127. 127.

    Kantola T Väyrynen JP Klintrup K Mäkelä J Karppinen SM Pihlajaniemi T Serum endostatin levels are elevated in colorectal cancer and correlate with invasion and systemic inflammatory markers. Br J Cancer. (2014 ) 65:509–14.

    Not in our library10.1038/bjc.2014.456

  128. 128.

    Feldman AL Pak H Yang JC Richard Alexander H Libutti SK Serum endostatin levels are elevated in patients with soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer. (2001 ) 65:608–12.

    Not in our library10.1002/1097-0142(20010415)91:8<1525::aid-cncr1161>3.0.co;2-p

  129. 129.

    Mo HY Luo DH Qiu HZ Liu H Chen QY Tang LQ. Elevated serum endostatin levels are associated with poor survival in patients with advanced-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Oncol. (2013 ) 25:308–17.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.clon.2012.11.009

  130. 130.

    Aref S El-Sherbiny M Azmy E Goda T Selim T El-Refaie M Elevated serum endostatin levels are associated with favorable outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology. (2008 ) 2:23–32.

    Not in our library10.1179/102453308x315898

  131. 131.

    Szarvas T László V Vom Dorp F Reis H Szendröi A Romics I Serum endostatin levels correlate with enhanced extracellular matrix degradation and poor patients' prognosis in bladder cancer. Int J Cancer. (2012 ) 35:233–42.

    Not in our library10.1002/ijc.26343

  132. 132.

    Bono P Teerenhovi L Joensuu H Elevated serum endostatin is associated with poor outcome in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Cancer. (2003 ) 15:38–47.

    Not in our library10.1002/cncr.11399

  133. 133.

    Zhu YY Wu HM Liu RY Diagnostic values of sVEGFR-1 and endostatin in malignant pleural effusions in patients with lung cancer. Clin Lab. (2017 ) 37:878–87.

    Not in our library10.7754/clin.lab.2017.170217

  134. 134.

    Li M Liu FG Sun P Gao YJ Chen HY Liu HY. Correlations between serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin with clinical pathological characteristics of patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Hepatogastroenterology. (2012 ) 59:1865–8.

    Not in our library10.5754/hge10602

  135. 135.

    Thorlacius-Ussing J Kehlet SN Rønnow SR Karsdal MA Willumsen N Non-invasive profiling of protease-specific elastin turnover in lung cancer: biomarker potential. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. (2019 ) 199:1933–941.

    Not in our library10.1007/s00432-018-2799-x

  136. 136.

    Kuratomi Y Sato S Monji M Shimazu R Tanaka G Yokogawa K Serum concentrations of laminin γ2 fragments in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck. (2008 ) 583:3027–32.

    Not in our library10.1002/hed.20838

  137. 137.

    Katayama M Kamihagi K Hirai S Kurome T Murakami K Hino F Urinary laminin fragments as a tumour marker potentially reflecting basement membrane destruction. Br J Cancer. (1992 ) 7:42057

    Not in our library10.1038/bjc.1992.105

  138. 138.

    Nakano T Iwahashi N Maeda J Hada T Higashino K Serum laminin P1 in small cell lung cancer: a valuable indicator of distant metastasis? Br J Cancer. (1992 ) 14:e0217550

    Not in our library10.1038/bjc.1992.123

  139. 139.

    Abou Farha KMM Menheere PPCA Nieman FHM Janknegt RA Arends JW Urine laminin p1 assessment discriminates between invasive and noninvasive urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder. Urol Int. (1993 ) 12:479–80.

    Not in our library10.1159/000282545

  140. 140.

    Chang JW Kang UB Kim DH Yi JK Lee JW Noh DY Identification of circulating endorepellin LG3 fragment: Potential use as a serological biomarker for breast cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl. (2008 ) 290:26103–13.

    Not in our library10.1002/prca.200780049

  141. 141.

    Rangel MP de Sá VK Prieto T Martins JRM Olivieri ER Carraro D. Biomolecular analysis of matrix proteoglycans as biomarkers in non small cell lung cancer. Glycoconj J. (2018 ) 35:233–42.

    Not in our library10.1007/s10719-018-9815-x

  142. 142.

    Naboulsi W Megger DA Bracht T Kohl M Turewicz M Eisenacher M Quantitative tissue proteomics analysis reveals versican as potential biomarker for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. J Proteome Res. (2016 ) 4:64

    Not in our library10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00420

  143. 143.

    Chida S Okayama H Noda M Saito K Nakajima T Aoto K Stromal VCAN expression as a potential prognostic biomarker for disease recurrence in stage II-III colon cancer. Carcinogenesis. (2016 ) 9:19006–13.

    Not in our library10.1093/carcin/bgw069

  144. 144.

    Kulbe H Otto R Darb-Esfahani S Lammert H Abobaker S Welsch G Discovery and validation of novel biomarkers for detection of epithelial ovarian cancer. Cells. (2019 ) 21:838–47.

    Not in our library10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.197

  145. 145.

    Hope C Emmerich PB Papadas A Pagenkopf A Matkowskyj KA Van De Hey DR Versican-derived matrikines regulate Batf3-dendritic cell differentiation and promote T cell infiltration in colorectal cancer. J Immunol. (2017 ) 38:741–67.

    Not in our library10.4049/jimmunol.1700529

  146. 146.

    Kim JH Park SC Syndecan-2 methylation as a new biomarker for early detection of colorectal neoplasm. Gut Liver. (2018 ) 5:e1129483

    Not in our library10.5009/gnl18286

  147. 147.

    Park YS Kim DS Cho SW Park JW Jeon SJ Moon TJ Analysis of syndecan-2 methylation in bowel lavage fluid for the detection of colorectal neoplasm. Gut Liver. (2018 ) 10:85–91.

    Not in our library10.5009/gnl17357

  148. 148.

    Lendorf ME Manon-Jensen T Kronqvist P Multhaupt HAB Couchman JR Syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 are independent indicators in breast carcinoma. J Histochem Cytochem. (2011 ) 107:569–75.

    Not in our library10.1369/0022155411405057

  149. 149.

    Melo SA Luecke LB Kahlert C Fernandez AF Gammon ST Kaye J. Glypican-1 identifies cancer exosomes and detects early pancreatic cancer. Nature. (2015 ) 523:177–82.

    Not in our library10.1038/nature14581

  150. 150.

    Herreros-Villanueva M Bujanda L Glypican-1 in exosomes as biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer. Ann Transl Med. (2016 ) 55:20–5.

    Not in our library10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.10.39

  151. 151.

    Lai X Wang M McElyea SD Sherman S House M Korc M A microRNA signature in circulating exosomes is superior to exosomal glypican-1 levels for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett. (2017 ) 81:522–31.

    Not in our library10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.019

  152. 152.
    Melanoma cell-secreted exosomal miR-155-5p induce proangiogenic switch of cancer-associated fibroblasts via SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway · 2018
    No notice
  153. 153.
    Glypican-1 is enriched in circulating-exosomes in pancreatic cancer and correlates with tumor burden · 2018
    No notice
  154. 154.

    Lu H Niu F Liu F Gao J Sun Y Zhao X. Elevated glypican-1 expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med. (2017 ) 6:1181–91.

    Not in our library10.1002/cam4.1064

  155. 155.

    Li J Li B Ren C Chen Y Guo X Zhou L. The clinical significance of circulating GPC1 positive exosomes and its regulative miRNAs in colon cancer patients. Oncotarget. (2017 ) 8:101189–202.

    Not in our library10.18632/oncotarget.20516

  156. 156.
    GPC 1 exosome and its regulatory mi RNA s are specific markers for the detection and target therapy of colorectal cancer · 2017
    No notice
  157. 157.

    Iwama T Horie K Yoshikawa T Nobuoka D Shimomura M Sawada Y. Identification of an H2-Kb or H2-Db restricted and glypican-3-derived cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitope peptide. Int J Oncol. (2013 ) 42:831–8.

    Not in our library10.3892/ijo.2013.1793

  158. 158.

    Nobuoka D Yoshikawa T Takahashi M Iwama T Horie K Shimomura M Intratumoral peptide injection enhances tumor cell antigenicity recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: A potential option for improvement in antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother. (2013 ) 17:126

    Not in our library10.1007/s00262-012-1366-6

  159. 159.

    Suzuki S Sakata J Utsumi F Sekiya R Kajiyama H Shibata K Efficacy of glypican-3-derived peptide vaccine therapy on the survival of patients with refractory ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Oncoimmunology. (2016 ) 14:102

    Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2016.1238542

  160. 160.

    Sawada Y Yoshikawa T Nobuoka D Shirakawa H Kuronuma T Motomura Y Phase I trial of a glypican-3-derived peptide vaccine for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Immunologic evidence and potential for improving overall survival. Clin Cancer Res. (2012 ) 48:256–62.

    Not in our library10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-11-3044

  161. 161.

    Sawada Y Yoshikawa T Ofuji K Yoshimura M Tsuchiya N Takahashi M. Phase II study of the GPC3-derived peptide vaccine as an adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Oncoimmunology. (2016 ) 5:e1129483.

    Not in our library10.1080/2162402x.2015.1129483

  162. 162.

    Sun Z Zhu Y Xia J Sawakami T Kokudo N Zhang N Status of and prospects for cancer vaccines against hepatocellular carcinoma in clinical trials. Biosci Trends. (2016 ) 6:3656–68.

    Not in our library10.5582/bst.2015.01128

  163. 163.
    CD44 and its ligand hyaluronan as potential biomarkers in malignant pleural mesothelioma: evidence and perspectives · 2017
    Not checked
  164. 164.

    Wu RL Sedlmeier G Kyjacova L Schmaus A Philipp J Thiele W Hyaluronic acid-CD44 interactions promote BMP4/7-dependent Id1/3 expression in melanoma cells. Sci Rep. (2018 ) 122:1972–80.

    Not in our library10.1038/s41598-018-33337-7

  165. 165.
    Size Matters: Molecular Weight Specificity of Hyaluronan Effects in Cell Biology · 2015
    No notice

Cited by papers we hold 6

Reads

Read by people on this page

None yet.

Checked or read by AI through naulon

None yet.

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.

Are you an author?

Is this your paper?

Claim it to add your note and be paid when agents cite it. Free.