Editorial: Insights in bone research 2021

This Research Topic comprises papers related to rare bone diseases, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, illustrating the wide spectrum covered by the Bone Research section of Frontiers in Endocrinology.Laurent et al. present consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and Management of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) in Belgium.In this disease, PHEX mutations determined the increase of the levels of the hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), with consequent renal phosphate wasting, altered skeletal and dental mineralization.Though evidence-based guidelines in this area have previously been published, there is a need to translate the principles on which these are based to more practical recommendations at a national level, in this instance a relatively well funded mixed state and private healthcare system.The broad but nevertheless detailed and practical overview of the clinical aspects of diagnosis and management of XLH presented in this article provides useful guidance for management of these patients.Guidance on the use of burosumab in children with XLH is particularly timely, given the recent EMA market authorization of this new FGF23 antibody treatment, which has the potential to transform the lives of those living with this condition.Two articles report findings from clinical studies aiming to examine the basis for increased fracture risk in diabetes, by studying mechanisms contributing to cross talk between bone and energy metabolism.Starup-Linde et al. examined the role of osteoglycin in the altered bone turnover associated to type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D, respectively), based on studies in mice suggesting that osteoglycin exerts endocrine effects on bone and pancreas.Osteoglycin is a proteoglycan derived from bone, cartilage and myocytes; it enhances bone formation and mineralization.The authors did not find significant differences for osteoglycin levels between T1D and T2D patients, but interestingly they showed that osteoglycin levels in diabetic patients were unrelated to metabolic markers of diabetes and bone turnover markers, arguing against such a role.A related study by Cherian et al. examined whether two adipomyokines, irisin and Meteorin- Frontiers in Endocrinology frontiersin.

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