Archipiélagos politicos bajo la tormenta en Venezuela: Coaliciones, actores y autocratización
Francisco José Alfaro Pareja
European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies · 2020
doi:10.32992/erlacs.10568 (opens in a new tab)
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Abstract
Abstract: Political archipelagos under the storm in Venezuela: Coalitions, actors, and autocratization The evolution of the hybrid regime in Venezuela has caused an extended political conflict that has led to deinstitutionalization and to a complex humanitarian crisis. Based on this mutation, this article conceptualizes the emergence of two coalitions that have interacted for twenty years as archipelagos, each made up of groups (islets) with different visions and ways of relating. Disputing power, these coalitions have promoted actions and speeches based on fundamental ideas: one, with an illiberal and revolutionary tendency (CIR); another, with a liberal and democratic tendency (CLD). This article also analyses how their interaction has promoted the development of a pattern: escalation of violence; installation of alternative mechanisms for dialogue and negotiation (MADN), de-escalation of violence; no transformation of the conflict. Finally, the involvement of external actors represents an essential factor in the composition and displacement of each islet to radicalize its position or, on the contrary, contribute to a democratic and negotiated solution. Resumen La evolución del régimen híbrido en Venezuela ha provocado un conflicto político extendido que ha derivado en desinstitucionalización y una crisis humanitaria compleja. Partiendo de esta mutación, este artículo conceptualiza la emergencia de dos coaliciones que han interactuado durante veinte años a modo de archipiélagos, cada una compuesta por grupos (islotes) con diversas visiones y formas de relacionarse. Disputando el poder, estas coaliciones han promovido acciones y discursos basados en ideas fundamentales: una, de tendencia iliberal y revolucionaria (CIR); otra, de tendencia liberal y democrática (CLD). También, se analiza cómo su interacción ha promovido el desarrollo de un patrón: escalamiento de violencia; instalación de mecanismos alternativos de diálogo y negociación (MADN) desescalamiento de violencia; no transformación del conflicto. Finalmente, el involucramiento de los actores externos representa un factor consustancial a la composición y desplazamiento de cada islote para radicalizar su postura o, por el contrario, contribuir a una solución democrática y negociada.
Abstract licence: CC BY
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