EFFLUENT TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION OF ALCOGOL DISTILLERY IN IRRIGATION AGRICULTURAL FIELDS

Purpose: specifying the distillery effluent quality to be applied to agricultural irrigation fields by crops sprinkling. Materials and Methods. The subject of the study was the preparation mode of distillery effluent for utilization on agricultural irrigation fields. The research material is the liquid fraction of effluents prepared for transportation by a pumping station to irrigation fields. The availability of irrigation water was evaluated according to the indicator system of M. F. Budanov and S. Ya. Bezdnina, the indicator of sodium adsorption ratio – according to the Richards formula. The content of chemicals in soil, crops and irrigation water was determined by standard methods. Results. Recycling of distillery effluent at the initial stage is carried out by separation. The distillery waste barda is pressed and divided into fractions: a liquid fraction and a solid fraction, which is not further considered. The accumulation and recycling of the liquid fraction is carried out in biological ponds, which provide the technological processes for obtaining biofertilizers and irrigation of agricultural crops on agricultural irrigation fields. As a result of the studies, it was found that the liquid fraction of distillery effluent (filtrate water) belongs to the second class according to the hazard class, therefore it is necessary to arrange local complex treatment facilities in the form of a storage ponds cascade for irrigation water utilization in the irrigation fields. Conclusions. Under the conditions of Novokubansky district of Krasnodar Territory after utilizing irrigation water in the fields, a positive balance of major elements is observed: nitrogen 483 kg per year, phosphorus 339 kg per year, potassium 1433 kg per year, which leads to the soil reclamation state improvement. However, due to the increased potassium content it is necessary to introduce such crops in the crop rotation on the irrigation fields, which need an increased amount of potash fertilizers, when grown. During the three-year rotation of crop rotation there was an increase in winter wheat yield by 20 %, alfalfa in the first year by 32 %, alfalfa in the second year of life by 35 % compared with open source irrigation.

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