Estimation of potential risk and daily intake of heavy metals in grape fruit

In this research, the daily intake and risk assessment of grape fruit withtheperspectiveofheavy metal contamination were measured in Malayer city. For sampling, five villages were selected. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry with flame and graphite furnace technique. For assessment the contamination level of each metal, the single factor index (SFI), and for assessment of the cumulative contamination of heavy metals, the integrated pollution index (IPI) were applied.The concentration level of heavy metals in the grape cultivars was found in the decreasing order as Cu>Mn>Zn>Ni>Pb and lower than the maximum permissible levels recommended by FAO/WHO. Among the studied cultivars, Askari cultivar contained higher heavy metal concentrations compared to the other two cultivars and Fakhri cultivar showed the lowest concentrations. In general, lead concentration was found to be low in the three grape cultivars. The integration pollution index (IPI) of heavy metals was higher in cv. Askari, as compared with the two other cultivars, although the IPI of heavy metals in three grape cultivars were at safe level. In general, the highest DIR was obtained for the Askari cultivar. The THQ of all metals were < 1. The integrated pollution index of heavy metals in three grape cultivars was low and heavy metals pollution was within the safe limits with IPI ≤ 0.7. The DIR and THQ showed that the consumption of grape cultivars pose no risk to health.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC

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