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PENGGUNAAN BIOMASSA ASPERGILLUS NIGER SEBAGAI BIOSORBEN CR(III) (Using of Aspergillus niger as Iosorbent of Chromium (III))

Noer Komari, Anjang Yudistri

Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan · 2012

doi:10.22146/jml.18451 (opens in a new tab)

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Pencemaran logam berat krom (Cr) menjadi masalah penting saat ini. Metode alternatif untuk mengatasi pencemaran Cr adalah biosorpsi, yaitu menggunakan biomassa sebagai biosorben. Aspergillus niger merupakan salah satu spesies yang dapat digunakan sebagai biosorben untuk mengikat logam berat. A. niger mudah dibiakkan pada medium agar, ekonomis dan aman bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan biomassa A. Niger sebagai biosorben Cr(III). Biosorpsi Cr(III) dilakukan pada variasi pH, konsentrasi dan waktu kontak. Proses recovery dilakukan dengan metode batch dan kolom. Pencucian biomassa pada proses recovery menggunakan HCl. Gugus fungsi biomassa sebelum dan sesudah interaksi dengan Cr(III) dianalisis dengan spektroskopi inframerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pH optimum adsorpsi terjadi pada pH=5. Konsentrasi logam terbaik pada 10,0 ppm dengan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 0,155 mg ion Cr(III)/g biomassa. Sedang waktu optimum adsorpsi terjadi pada 1 jam pertama. Recovery Cr(III) dengan metode kolom sebesar 60,23% sedangkan dengan metode batch sebesar 33,42%. Hasil analisis gugus fungsi menunjukkan adanya peran gugus hidroksil, gugus karboksil, dan disulfida dalam biomassa yang berinteraksi dengan Cr(III). ABSTRACT The heavy metals pollution, like Chrom is a major concern now. One of the alternatif method to handle heavy metals pollution is using biomass as biosorbent. Aspergillus niger is one of Aspergillus genus, it has the ability as an adsorbent to take up heavy metals ions. A. niger growth easily on agar medium, this biomass was also cheap and harmless to environment. The aims of this research were to find out the ability of biomass A. niger to adsorb Cr(III). The effect of treatment on Cr3+ adsorption of A. niger biomass was investigated in various pH, concentration and contact times at optimum conditions. Cr(III) recovery was measured in both methods, coloum and batch. The bound-metals ion were recovered by treatment with HCl. The results showed that, opmimum adsorption occurred at pH=5, in 1 our time periode, and with 10,0 ppm concentration. Capacity of adsorption is 0,155 mg Cr(III)/g biomass The recovery of Cr(III) with coloum method at 60,23% and batch method at 33,42%. In addition, by the infrared spectra, the hydroxyl groups, the carboxylate groups and disulfide groups in biomass were found by interaction with Cr(III).

Abstract licence: CC BY-SA

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