Factors of Income Stratification of Russian Society: Methodology of the Analysis and Role Ascriptive Characteristics

<p>This article is the first from the block of two articles which composing the whole, one of which is present hereinafter, and the second will be published in the following journal issue. In this article, based on the data of the Monitoring research carried out by Institute of Sociology of RAS (2015), the methodology of the analysis of factors of income stratification is described and the role which ascriptive characteristics of the individual play in definition of its place in income hierarchy of the Russian society is shown. With the help of multinomial regression models, it is shown that ascriptive characteristics (more age, type of the settlement and the state of health, and in smaller – a sex), remain significant factors of income stratification in Russia now. Ascriptive characteristics play a special role in low-income strata of society for which representatives there are many structural barriers which are not allowing to accumulate resources and to realize the upward social mobility. It is found out also that within the local communities villagers have more chances of a hit in high-income groups of society in comparison with citizens, and especially – residents of megapolises which should compete more actively among themselves for an opportunity to promote above in income hierarchy. The importance of age for all income groups is shown. People of middle and older age concentrate in middle-income strata, but young people, depending on their place of birth and socialization conditions, separate into polar income groups. Major drivers of this “divergence” processes are linked with structural constraints such as settlement or place of birth that also largely determine opportunities for efficient investment in human capital, rather than personal achievements.</p>

Abstract licence: CC BY

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