Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Techniques for the Determination of Inorganics in Molecular and Atomic Spectrometry

Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Techniques for the Determination of Inorganics in Molecular and Atomic Spectrometryfractogram respectively.Whereas chromatographic techniques aim at a high resolution obtained through mega repetitive interactions which modulate the migration velocities of analytes through the system, flow injection exploits chemical reactions to transform analytes into species that can be selectively modified by a detector.Although FI is the youngest of the flow based techniques 111, its applications have encompassed a full range of reagent assays from inorganic to enzymatic, from ions to proteins and from traces to highly concentrated analytes in aqueous or non-aqueous media.Since its introduction, interest has been sustained in the use of FIA techniques due to the development of automated, online sample pretreatment procedures /3,4/.The advantages of preconcentration FIA techniques include high efficiency, simple online operation, low sample reagent consumption, relatively simple and compact hardware and freedom from contamination.FIA techniques offer improvement in efficiency and in automation of different separation and preconcentration processes 151.Pretreatment steps performed using FIA are rapid and require less than 1 min for pretreatment and analysis including chemical conversions 161.More interesting is the use of FIA to implement online derivatization reactions 111, separation processes /8,9/, as well as a number of sample handling modes to fit the initial sample conditions and the most suitable single-and multidetection /10-12/ or implementation of flow through (bio)chemical sensors /13-15/ among others.The growing interest in the use of FIA techniques was demonstrated in several reviews /16-26/ and in a recent book 1211.This article intends to provide an overview on the determination of inorganics by FIA described in literature since 1990.Various FIA procedures with a number of molecular and atomic spectrometric detection techniques for the determination of inorganics are classified into four types viz.(a) cations, (b) anions, (c) multielement cations, (d) multielement anions.The salient features of these procedures are summarized in Tables 1-4 respectively.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

128 more references, whose wording the paper’s licence keeps private.

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.