‘The long tail of Covid-19’ - The detection of a prolonged inflammatory response after a SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic and mildly affected patients

Abstract

‘Long Covid’, or medical complications associated with post SARS-CoV-2 infection, is a significant post-viral complication that is being more and more commonly reported in patients. Therefore, there is an increasing need to understand the disease mechanisms, identify drug targets and inflammatory processes associated with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. To address this need, we created a targeted mass spectrometry based multiplexed panel of 96 immune response associated proteins. We applied the multiplex assay to a cohort of serum samples from asymptomatic and moderately affected patients. All patients had tested positive for a SARS-CoV-2 infection by PCR and were determined to be subsequently positive for antibodies. Even 40-60 days post-viral infection, we observed a significant remaining inflammatory response in all patients. Proteins that were still affected were associated with the anti-inflammatory response and mitochondrial stress. This indicates that biochemical and inflammatory pathways within the body can remain perturbed long after SARS-CoV-2 infections have subsided even in asymptomatic and moderately affected patients.

Cited by papers we hold 11

• Mitochondrial dysfunction in long COVID: mechanisms, consequences, and potential therapeutic approaches · 2024
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• Coding long COVID: characterizing a new disease through an ICD-10 lens · 2023
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• Pathogenic mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) · 2023
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• Long COVID symptoms and duration in SARS-CoV-2 positive children — a nationwide cohort study · 2022
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• Cardiac impairments in postacute COVID‐19 with sustained symptoms: A review of the literature and proof of concept · 2022
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• Pathophysiology and mechanism of long COVID: a comprehensive review · 2022
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• SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells associate with inflammation and reduced lung function in pulmonary post-acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2 · 2022
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• Inflammation-type dysbiosis of the oral microbiome associates with the duration of COVID-19 symptoms and long COVID · 2021
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• Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)—A Systemic Review and Comparison of Clinical Presentation and Symptomatology · 2021
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• Association between Long COVID and Overweight/Obesity · 2021
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• Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 at One Year after Hospital Discharge · 2021
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