Introduction to Thematic Review Series: Phospholipases: Central Role in Lipid Signaling and Disease

Hydrolases constitute an enormous proportion of our enzymes, being responsible for the initiation of most digestive processes and numerous physiological processes. They are defined as enzymes that use a molecule of water to degrade substrates including all four kinds of biological molecules; namely, nucleic acids (nucleases), proteins (proteases), lipids or fats (lipases), and carbohydrates or sugars (glycosidases). They include large families of acyl ester hydrolases, phosphate, pyrophosphate ester and diester hydrolases, and amide ester hydrolases.

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