Validity of serum leukotriene B4 as a marker of decompensated liver cirrhosis in chronic HCV patients: leukotriene B4 in decompensated liver cirrhosis

Background Liver cirrhosis is divided into two stages: compensated stage and another advanced stage which includes both decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure. The immune system is of major importance in cirrhosis pathophysiology. Sustained bacterial translocation from the intestine to systemic circulation causes a chronic systemic inflammatory syndrome. Inflammatory markers are emerging in the scope of cirrhosis and its complications due to their deleterious effects on disease progression and prognosis. The aim of the study was to assess the value of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) as a marker of decompensated cirrhosis and to evaluate its relation to disease progression and complications. Results The current study was conducted on 80 candidates in the Alexandria Main University Hospital, Tropical Medicine Department; they were categorized into three groups: group I ( n = 30) compensated cirrhotic patients, group II ( n = 30) decompensated cirrhotic patients, and group III ( n = 20) apparently healthy individuals. Serum LTB4 was measured by ELISA. LTB4 showed statistically significant higher values in the decompensated group than the compensated group ( p = 0.007) and the control group ( p = 0.002). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the compensated group and the controls ( p = 0.510). LTB4 correlated positively with the Child-Pugh score ( p = 0.003). Moreover, it correlated positively with the MELD-Na score ( p = 0.012). There was a significant correlation between the degree of ascites and serum LTB4 ( p < 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between hepatic encephalopathy and LTB4 ( P > 0.204). Conclusion Serum LTB4 could be used as a sensitive biomarker of decompensation in cirrhotic patients.

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