Validation of the Indonesian resilience evaluation scale in an undergraduate student population

Background Psychological resilience is an important factor in coping with Potentially Traumatic Events (PTEs) and might mitigate the development of trauma-related disorders. Due to the high risk of natural disasters, criminal activity, and transportation accidents among the Indonesian population, it is critical to assess psychological resilience as a protective factor. This study aimed to validate the Resilience Evaluation Scale (RES) in Indonesian undergraduate students. Methods We recruited 327 students (78% female, the mean age is 19.61 ( SD = 1.24)) between March and June 2020 using convenience sampling, 256 (78.28%) of whom completed the RES twice with an interval of 2 weeks for test-retest reliability purposes. Parallel Analysis and Exploratory Factor Analysis were performed to examine the construct validity of the RES. The internal consistency and the test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Correlations, and Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Convergent and divergent validity were examined using Pearson Correlations. Results EFA analysis yielded a two-factor structure for the final eight-item Indonesian version of RES, which reflected two underlying constructs of resilience: self-confidence and self-efficacy. The Indonesian version of RES demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.74–0.82) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.68–0.78; ICC = 0.67–0.78). The result showed that the RES total and subscale scores positively correlated with all criterion variables (resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, level of global functioning, and adaptive coping strategy; r = 0.27–0.73). RES total and subscale scores negatively correlated with opposite constructs (PTSD, depression, social/work impairment, and maladaptive coping strategy; r = - 0.27– -0.46). Conclusions The current study showed that the Indonesian RES is a valid and reliable measurement of psychological resilience in Indonesian undergraduate students. The final 8-item Indonesian RES, a freely available resilience instrument, is recommended for future studies and public mental health initiatives in the Indonesian population.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

1. 7.

   Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives · 2014

2. 11.

   A methodological review of resilience measurement scales · 2011

3. 21.

   Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys · 2017

4. 22.

   Trauma is a public health issue · 2017

5. 27.

   We need to talk about reliability: making better use of test-retest studies for study design and interpretation · 2019

33 more references, whose wording the paper’s licence keeps private.

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.