Cardiovascular diabetology in the core of a novel interleukins classification: the bad, the good and the aloof

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The impressive correlation between cardiovascular disease and glucose metabolism alterations has raised the likelihood that atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes may share common antecedents. Inflammation is emerging as a conceivable etiologic mechanism for both. Interleukins are regulatory proteins with ability to accelerate or inhibit inflammatory processes.</p> <p>Presentation of the hypothesis</p> <p>A novel interleukins classification is described, based on their role in diabetes and atherosclerosis, hypothesizing that each interleukin (IL) acts on both diseases in the same direction – regardless if harmful, favorable or neutral.</p> <p>Testing the hypothesis</p> <p>The 29 known interleukins were clustered into three groups: <it>noxious </it>(the <it>"bad"</it>, 8 members), comprising IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15, IL-17 and IL-18; <it>protective </it>(the <it>"good"</it>, 5 members), comprising IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12 and IL-13; and <it>"aloof"</it>, comprising IL-5, IL-9, IL-14, IL-16 and IL-19 through IL-29 (15 members). Each group presented converging effects on both diseases. IL-3 was reluctant to clustering.</p> <p>Implications</p> <p>These observations imply that 1) favorable effects of a given IL on either diabetes or atherosclerosis predicts similar effects on the other; 2) equally, harmful IL effects on one disease can be extrapolated to the other; and 3) absence of influence of a given IL on one of these diseases forecasts lack of effects on the other. These facts further support the unifying etiologic theory of both ailments, emphasizing the importance of a cardiovascular diabetologic approach to interleukins for future research. Pharmacologic targeting of these cytokines might provide an effective means to simultaneously control both atherosclerosis and diabetes.</p>

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

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