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Research on tacholess fast-varying instantaneous rotating frequency estimation model based on nonlinear short-time Fourier transform combination with adaptive chirp mode decomposition and its application

Lu Yan, Tian Zhong Lan, Shi Li Yang and 2 more

Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control · 2025

doi:10.1177/14613484251320211 (opens in a new tab)

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Abstract

Instantaneous rotating frequency extraction is one of the key technologies for mechanical health monitoring and fault diagnosis. As the instantaneous rotating frequency presents fast-varying property under high-speed fluctuation, this paper uses a coarse-to-fine strategy to propose a tacholess fast-varying instantaneous rotating frequency estimation model based on nonlinear short-time Fourier transform (NLSTFT) combination with adaptive chirp mode decomposition (ACMD). By self-adaptive matching and decomposing the vibration signal based on its time-frequency distribution, it increases the energy aggregation of time-frequency representation, which not only improves computational efficiency but also avoids the spectral ambiguity problem. As a result, the proposed model is very suitable for extracting instantaneous rotating frequency under severe speed fluctuation; simulation signal and rolling bearing fault vibration signal also validate this conclusion. Furthermore, by integrating with signal decomposition technology, various order components of fault vibration signal can also be self-adaptive extracted.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC

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