The therapeutic potential of the mesenchymal stem cell secretome in ischaemic stroke

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential as a regenerative therapy for stroke, leading to increased repair and functional recovery in animal models of cerebral ischaemia. While it was initially hypothesised that cell replacement was an important mechanism of action of MSCs, focus has shifted to their paracrine actions or the so called “bystander” effect. MSCs secrete a wide array of growth factors, chemokines, cytokines and extracellular vesicles, commonly referred to as the MSC secretome. There is evidence suggesting the MSC secretome can promote repair through a number of mechanisms including preventing cell apoptosis, modulating the inflammatory response and promoting endogenous repair mechanisms such as angiogenesis and neurogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the in vitro approaches currently being employed to drive the MSC secretome towards a more anti-inflammatory and regenerative phenotype. We will then examine the role of the secretome in promoting repair and improving recovery in preclinical models of cerebral ischaemia.

Cited by papers we hold 7

• Therapeutic Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells: The Need of Cell Priming for Cell-Free Therapies in Regenerative Medicine · 2021
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• Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Stroke: Current Understanding and Challenges · 2021
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• Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Applications in Regenerative Medicine · 2021
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• Paracrine Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Angiogenesis · 2020
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• Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome · 2019
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• Regenerative Medicine Therapies for Targeting Neuroinflammation After Stroke · 2018
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• Molecular Communication of a Dying Neuron in Stroke · 2018
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