Intronic MicroRNA (miRNA)

Abstract

Nearly 97% of the human genome is composed of noncoding DNA, which varies from one species to another. Changes in these sequences often manifest themselves in clinical and circumstantial malfunction. Numerous genes in these non‐protein‐coding regions encode microRNAs, which are responsible for RNA‐mediated gene silencing through RNA interference (RNAi)‐like pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small single‐stranded regulatory RNAs capable of interfering with intracellular messenger RNAs (mRNAs) with complete or partial complementarity, are useful for the design of new therapies against cancer polymorphisms and viral mutations. Currently, many varieties of miRNA are widely reported in plants, animals, and even microbes. Intron‐derived microRNA (Id‐miRNA) is a new class of miRNA derived from the processing of gene introns. The intronic miRNA requires type‐II RNA polymerases (Pol‐II) and spliceosomal components for their biogenesis. Several kinds of Id‐miRNA have been identified in C elegans , mouse, and human cells; however, neither function nor application has been reported. Here, we show for the first time that intron‐derived miRNAs are able to induce RNA interference in not only human and mouse cells, but in also zebrafish, chicken embryos, and adult mice, demonstrating the evolutionary preservation of intron‐mediated gene silencing via functional miRNA in cell and in vivo. These findings suggest an intracellular miRNA‐mediated gene regulatory system, fine‐tuning the degradation of protein‐coding messenger RNAs.

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Cited by papers we hold 3

• MicroRNAs Expression Profiles in Cardiovascular Diseases · 2014
  No notice
• MicroRNA: Biogenesis, Function and Role in Cancer · 2010
  No notice
• MiR-218 Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer by Targeting the Robo1 Receptor · 2010
  No notice

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