Genetics, Cytogenetics, and Epigenetics of Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Most of the colorectal cancer (CRC) cases are sporadic, only 25% of the patients have a family history of the disease, and major genes causing syndromes predisposing to CRC only account for 5‐6% of the total cases. The following subtypes can be recognized: MIN (microsatellite instability), CIN (chromosomal instability), and CIMP (CpG island methylator phenotype). CIN occurs in 80–85% of CRC. Chromosomal instability proceeds through two major mechanisms, missegregation that results in aneuploidy through the gain or loss of whole chromosomes, and unbalanced structural rearrangements that lead to the loss and/or gain of chromosomal regions. The loss of heterozygosity that occur in the first phases of the CRC cancerogenesis (in particular for the genes on 18q) as well as the alteration of methylation pattern of multiple key genes can drive the development of colorectal cancer by facilitating the acquisition of multiple tumor‐associated mutations and the instability phenotype.

Cited by papers we hold 4

• Early detection of colorectal adenocarcinoma: a clinical decision support tool based on plasma porphyrin accumulation and risk factors · 2018
  Not checked
• Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer · 2018
  No notice
• Colorectal Carcinoma: A General Overview and Future Perspectives in Colorectal Cancer · 2017
  No notice
• Deep Sequencing the MicroRNA Transcriptome in Colorectal Cancer · 2013
  No notice

Reads

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.