Chimeric Antigen Receptor-Engineered T Cells for Immunotherapy of Cancer

Abstract

CD 4 + and CD 8 + T lymphocytes are powerful components of adaptive immunity, which essentially contribute to the elimination of tumors. Due to their cytotoxic capacity, T cells emerged as attractive candidates for specific immunotherapy of cancer. A promising approach is the genetic modification of T cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). First generation CARs consist of a binding moiety specifically recognizing a tumor cell surface antigen and a lymphocyte activating signaling chain. The CAR-mediated recognition induces cytokine production and tumor-directed cytotoxicity of T cells. Second and third generation CARs include signal sequences from various costimulatory molecules resulting in enhanced T-cell persistence and sustained antitumor reaction. Clinical trials revealed that the adoptive transfer of T cells engineered with first generation CARs represents a feasible concept for the induction of clinical responses in some tumor patients. However, further improvement is required, which may be achieved by second or third generation CAR-engrafted T cells.

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Cited by papers we hold 6

• Revolution of CAR Engineering For Next-Generation Immunotherapy In Solid Tumors · 2022
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• Relevance of immune cell and tumor microenvironment imaging in the new era of immunotherapy · 2020
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• Chimeric antigen receptor T cells: a novel therapy for solid tumors · 2017
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• Switching CAR T cells on and off: a novel modular platform for retargeting of T cells to AML blasts · 2016
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• Adoptive T Cell Immunotherapy For Cancer · 2015
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• Multiple chimeric antigen receptors successfully target chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 in several different cancer histologies and cancer stem cells · 2014
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