The genetics of human obesity

Abstract

It has long been known that there is a genetic component to obesity, and that characterizing this underlying factor would likely offer the possibility of better intervention in the future. Monogenic obesity has proved to be relatively straightforward, with a combination of linkage analysis and mouse models facilitating the identification of multiple genes. In contrast, genome‐wide association studies have successfully revealed a variety of genetic loci associated with the more common form of obesity, allowing for very strong consensus on the underlying genetic architecture of the phenotype for the first time. Although a number of significant findings have been made, it appears that very little of the apparent heritability of body mass index has actually been explained to date. New approaches for data analyses and advances in technology will be required to uncover the elusive missing heritability, and to aid in the identification of the key causative genetic underpinnings of obesity.

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123. 123.

     Willer CJ, et al. Six new loci associated with body mass index highlight a neuronal influence on body weight regulation. Nat. Genet. 2009;41:25-34.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.287

124. 124.

     Thorleifsson G, et al. Genome-wide association yields new sequence variants at seven loci that associate with measures of obesity. Nat. Genet. 2009;41:18-24.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.274

125. 125.

     Gunstad J, et al. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism is associated with body mass index in healthy adults. Neuropsychobiology. 2006;53:153-156.

     Not in our library10.1159/000093341

126. 126.

     Speliotes EK, et al. Association analyses of 249,796 individuals reveal 18 new loci associated with body mass index. Nat. Genet. 2010;42:937-948.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.686

127. 127.

     Wen W, et al. Meta-analysis identifies common variants associated with body mass index in East Asians. Nat. Genet. 2012;44:307-311.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.1087

128. 128.

     Okada Y, et al. Common variants at CDKAL1 and KLF9 are associated with body mass index in East Asian populations. Nat. Genet. 2012;44:302-306.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.1086

129. 129.

     Grant SF, et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat. Genet. 2006;38:320-323.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng1732

130. 130.

     Helgason A, et al. Refining the impact of TCF7L2 gene variants on type 2 diabetes and adaptive evolution. Nat. Genet. 2007;39:218-225.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng1960

131. 131.

     Adeyemo A, et al. FTO genetic variation and association with obesity in West Africans and African Americans. Diabetes. 2010;59:1549-1554.

     Not in our library10.2337/db09-1252

132. 132.

     Zhao J, et al. Role of BMI-associated loci identified in GWAS meta-analyses in the context of common childhood obesity in European Americans. Obesity. 2011;19:2436-2439.

     Not in our library10.1038/oby.2011.237

133. 133.

     Zhao J, et al. Examination of all type 2 diabetes GWAS loci reveals HHEX-IDE as a locus influencing pediatric BMI. Diabetes. 2010;59:751-755.

     Not in our library10.2337/db09-0972

134. 134.
     Two New Loci for Body-Weight Regulation Identified in a Joint Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies for Early-Onset Extreme Obesity in French and German Study Groups · 2010

     No notice
135. 135.

     Bradfield JP, et al. A genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies new childhood obesity loci. Nat. Genet. 2012;44:526-531.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng.2247

136. 136.

     Liu W, et al. Olfactomedin 4 down-regulates innate immunity against Helicobacter pylori infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2010;107:11056-11061.

     Not in our library10.1073/pnas.1001269107

137. 137.

     Fu M, et al. HOXB5 expression is spatially and temporarily regulated in human embryonic gut during neural crest cell colonization and differentiation of enteric neuroblasts. Dev. Dyn. 2003;228:1-10.

     Not in our library10.1002/dvdy.10350

138. 138.

     Dankel SN, et al. Switch from stress response to homeobox transcription factors in adipose tissue after profound fat loss. PLoS One. 2010;5:e11033.

     Not in our library10.1371/journal.pone.0011033

139. 139.

     Bogardus C. Missing heritability and GWAS utility. Obesity. 2009;17:209-210.

     Not in our library10.1038/oby.2008.613

140. 140.

     Manolio TA, et al. Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases. Nature. 2009;461:747-753.

     Not in our library10.1038/nature08494

141. 141.

     Zuk O, et al. The mystery of missing heritability: genetic interactions create phantom heritability. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012;109:1193-1198.

     Not in our library10.1073/pnas.1119675109

142. 142.

     Blakemore AI, et al. A rare variant in the visfatin gene (NAMPT/PBEF1) is associated with protection from obesity. Obesity. 2009;17:1549-1553.

     Not in our library10.1038/oby.2009.75

143. 143.

     Walters RG, et al. A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2. Nature. 2010;463:671-675.

     Not in our library10.1038/nature08727

144. 144.

     Jacquemont S, et al. Mirror extreme BMI phenotypes associated with gene dosage at the chromosome 16p11.2 locus. Nature. 2011;478:97-102.

     Not in our library10.1038/nature10406

145. 145.

     Bochukova EG, et al. Large, rare chromosomal deletions associated with severe early-onset obesity. Nature. 2010;463:666-670.

     Not in our library10.1038/nature08689

146. 146.

     Glessner JT, et al. A genome-wide study reveals copy number variants exclusive to childhood obesity cases. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2010;87:661-666.

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.09.014

147. 147.
     A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Variants in ARL15 that Influence Adiponectin Levels · 2009

     No notice
148. 148.

     Leff SE, et al. Maternal imprinting of the mouse Snrpn gene and conserved linkage homology with the human Prader–Willi syndrome region. Nat. Genet. 1992;2:259-264.

     Not in our library10.1038/ng1292-259

149. 149.

     Nicholls RD, Saitoh& S, Horsthemke B. Imprinting in Prader–Willi and Angelman syndromes. Trends Genet. 1998;14:194-200.

     Not in our library10.1016/s0168-9525(98)01432-2

150. 150.

     Dong C, et al. Possible genomic imprinting of three human obesity-related genetic loci. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 2005;76:427-437.

     Not in our library10.1086/428438

Cited by papers we hold 2

• Characterization of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of obstructive sleep apnea using electronic health records · 2020
  Not checked
• New Insight into Adiponectin Role in Obesity and Obesity-Related Diseases · 2014
  No notice

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