Type 2 diabetes in South Asians: similarities and differences with white Caucasian and other populations

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. While all ethnic groups are affected, the prevalence of T2DM in South Asians, both in their home countries and abroad, is extremely high and is continuing to rise rapidly. Innate biological susceptibilities coupled with rapid changes in physical activity, diet, and other lifestyle behaviors are contributing factors propelling the increased burden of disease in this population. The large scope of this problem calls for investigations into the cause of increased susceptibility and preventative efforts at both the individual and population level that are aggressive, culturally sensitive, and start early. In this review, we outline the biological and environmental factors that place South Asians at elevated risk for T2DM, compared with Caucasian and other ethnic groups.

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     Lee DH, et al. A strong dose-response relation between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and diabetes: results from the National Health and Examination Survey 1999–2002. Diab. Care. 2006;29:1638-1644.

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     Monirith I, et al. Asia-Pacific mussel watch: monitoring contamination of persistent organochlorine compounds in coastal waters of Asian countries. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2003;46:281-300.

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     Minh NH, et al. Contamination by persistent organic pollutants in dumping sites of Asian developing countries: implication of emerging pollution sources. Arch. Environ. Contaminat. Toxicol. 2006;50:474-481.

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     Weber MB, et al. Lifestyle interventions and the prevention and treatment of Type 2 diabetes. Am. J. Lifestyle Med. 2010;4:468-480.

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     Narayan KM, Williamson DF. Prevention of type 2 diabetes: risk status, clinic, and community. J. Gen. Internal Med. 2010;25:154-157.

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     deVegt F, et al. Relation of impaired fasting and postload glucose with incident type 2diabetes in a Dutch population: the Hoorn study. JAMA. 2001;285:2109-2113.

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     Knowler WC, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N. Engl. J. Med. 2002;346:393-403.

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     Lindstrom J, et al. The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS): lifestyle intervention and 3-year results on diet and physical activity. Diab. Care. 2003;20:537-544.

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     Weber MB, et al. A model of translational research for diabetes prevention in low and middle-income countries: The Diabetes Community Lifestyle Improvement Program (D-CLIP) trial. Primary Care Diab. 2012;6:3-9.

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Cited by papers we hold 2

• Use of Brief Messages Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Medication Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Developmental Studies · 2020
  Not checked
• Prevalence of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review of scientific evidence from across the world in 2007–2017 · 2018
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