Intrinsic excitation-inhibition imbalance affects medial prefrontal cortex differently in autistic men versus women

Abstract

Excitation-inhibition (E:I) imbalance is theorized as an important pathophysiological mechanism in autism. Autism affects males more frequently than females and sex-related mechanisms (e.g., X-linked genes, androgen hormones) can influence E:I balance. This suggests that E:I imbalance may affect autism differently in males versus females. With a combination of in-silico modeling and in-vivo chemogenetic manipulations in mice, we first show that a time-series metric estimated from fMRI BOLD signal, the Hurst exponent (H), can be an index for underlying change in the synaptic E:I ratio. In autism we find that H is reduced, indicating increased excitation, in the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) of autistic males but not females. Increasingly intact MPFC H is also associated with heightened ability to behaviorally camouflage social-communicative difficulties, but only in autistic females. This work suggests that H in BOLD can index synaptic E:I ratio and that E:I imbalance affects autistic males and females differently.

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Cited by papers we hold 6

• The aperiodic exponent of subthalamic field potentials reflects excitation/inhibition balance in Parkinsonism · 2023
  No notice
• Globally elevated excitation–inhibition ratio in children with autism spectrum disorder and below-average intelligence · 2022
  Not checked
• Exposure to GABAA Receptor Antagonist Picrotoxin in Pregnant Mice Causes Autism-Like Behaviors and Aberrant Gene Expression in Offspring · 2022
  Not checked
• Neurophysiological and behavioral effects of multisession prefrontal tDCS and concurrent cognitive remediation training in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A double-blind, randomized controlled fNIRS study · 2022
  Not checked
• An increase of inhibition drives the developmental decorrelation of neural activity · 2022
  No notice
• mTOR-related synaptic pathology causes autism spectrum disorder-associated functional hyperconnectivity · 2021
  No notice

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