Measuring SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody activity using pseudotyped and chimeric viruses

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the ensuing explosive epidemic of COVID-19 disease has generated a need for assays to rapidly and conveniently measure the antiviral activity of SARS-CoV-2–specific antibodies. Here, we describe a collection of approaches based on SARS-CoV-2 spike-pseudotyped, single-cycle, replication-defective human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), as well as a replication-competent VSV/SARS-CoV-2 chimeric virus. While each surrogate virus exhibited subtle differences in the sensitivity with which neutralizing activity was detected, the neutralizing activity of both convalescent plasma and human monoclonal antibodies measured using each virus correlated quantitatively with neutralizing activity measured using an authentic SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay. The assays described herein are adaptable to high throughput and are useful tools in the evaluation of serologic immunity conferred by vaccination or prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the potency of convalescent plasma or human monoclonal antibodies.

Cited by papers we hold 31

• Quantitative characterisation of extracellular vesicles designed to decoy or compete with SARS-CoV-2 reveals differential mode of action across variants of concern and highlights the diversity of Omicron · 2025
  Not checked
• Learning from prepandemic data to forecast viral escape · 2023
  No notice
• Coronavirus Resistance Database (CoV-RDB): SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility to monoclonal antibodies, convalescent plasma, and plasma from vaccinated persons · 2022
  No notice
• Antibody feedback regulates immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination · 2022
  No notice
• Blockade of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated cell–cell fusion using COVID-19 convalescent plasma · 2021
  Not checked
• Quantifying Absolute Neutralization Titers against SARS-CoV-2 by a Standardized Virus Neutralization Assay Allows for Cross-Cohort Comparisons of COVID-19 Sera · 2021
  Not checked
• A Combination of Receptor-Binding Domain and N-Terminal Domain Neutralizing Antibodies Limits the Generation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Neutralization-Escape Mutants · 2021
  Not checked
• Neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic COVID-19 is persistent and critical for survival · 2021
  No notice
• A point-of-care lateral flow assay for neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 · 2021
  Not checked
• Mosaic nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive immune responses to zoonotic coronaviruses in mice · 2021
  No notice
• Two-component spike nanoparticle vaccine protects macaques from SARS-CoV-2 infection · 2021
  No notice
• Age-related immune response heterogeneity to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2 · 2021
  No notice
• Enhanced SARS-CoV-2 neutralization by dimeric IgA · 2021
  No notice
• Establishment of a well-characterized SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral pseudovirus neutralization assay using 293T cells with stable expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 · 2021
  No notice
• DC/L-SIGN recognition of spike glycoprotein promotes SARS-CoV-2 trans-infection and can be inhibited by a glycomimetic antagonist · 2021
  No notice
• Sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 to mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies · 2021
  Corrected
• A conserved immunogenic and vulnerable site on the coronavirus spike protein delineated by cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies · 2021
  No notice
• Structure-guided multivalent nanobodies block SARS-CoV-2 infection and suppress mutational escape · 2021
  No notice
• Nanobodies from camelid mice and llamas neutralize SARS-CoV-2 variants · 2021
  No notice
• Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain antibody evolution after mRNA vaccination · 2021
  No notice

and 11 more

Reads

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.