D‐Chiro‐Inositol – Its Functional Role in Insulin Action and its Deficit in Insulin Resistance

Abstract

In this review we discuss the biological significance of D‐chiro‐inositol, originally discovered as a component of a putative mediator of intracellular insulin action, where as a putative mediator, it accelerates the dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase and pyruvate dehydrogenase, rate limiting enzymes of non‐oxidative and oxidative glucose disposal. Early studies demonstrated a linear relationship between its decreased urinary excretion and the degree of insulin resistance present. When tissue contents, including muscle, of type 2 diabetic subjects were assayed, they demonstrated a more general body deficiency. Administration of D‐chiro‐inositol to diabetic rats, Rhesus monkeys and now to humans accelerated glucose disposal and sensitized insulin action. A defect in vivo in the epimerization of myoinositol to chiro‐inositol in insulin sensitive tissues of the GK type 2 diabetic rat has been elucidated. Thus, administered D‐chiro‐inositol may act to bypass a defective normal epimerization of myo‐inositol to D‐chiro‐inositol associated with insulin resistance and act to at least partially restore insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal.

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Cited by papers we hold 2

• Myo-Inositol and Its Derivatives: Their Emerging Role in the Treatment of Human Diseases · 2019
  No notice
• Isolation and Identification of Myo-Inositol Crystals from Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) · 2012
  Not checked

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