Skin whitening agents: medicinal chemistry perspective of tyrosinase inhibitors

Abstract

Melanogenesis is a process to synthesize melanin, which is a primary responsible for the pigmentation of human skin, eye and hair. Although numerous enzymatic catalyzed and chemical reactions are involved in melanogenesis process, the enzymes such as tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and TRP-2 played a major role in melanin synthesis. Specifically, tyrosinase is a key enzyme, which catalyzes a rate-limiting step of the melanin synthesis, and the downregulation of tyrosinase is the most prominent approach for the development of melanogenesis inhibitors. Therefore, numerous inhibitors that target tyrosinase have been developed in recent years. The review focuses on the recent discovery of tyrosinase inhibitors that are directly involved in the inhibition of tyrosinase catalytic activity and functionality from all sources, including laboratory synthetic methods, natural products, virtual screening and structure-based molecular docking studies.

Cited by papers we hold 5

• PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry (an update from 2020 to 2021) · 2022
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• Arbutin as a Skin Depigmenting Agent with Antimelanogenic and Antioxidant Properties · 2021
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• A comprehensive review on tyrosinase inhibitors · 2019
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• p-Coumaric Acid as An Active Ingredient in Cosmetics: A Review Focusing on its Antimelanogenic Effects · 2019
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• Upregulation of Melanogenesis and Tyrosinase Activity: Potential Agents for Vitiligo · 2017
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