The structure of Brazilian Amazonian gut microbiomes in the process of urbanisation

Abstract Shifts in subsistence strategy among Native American people of the Amazon may be the cause of typically western diseases previously linked to modifications of gut microbial communities. Here, we used 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing to characterise the gut microbiome of 114 rural individuals, namely Xikrin, Suruí and Tupaiú, and urban individuals from Belém city, in the Brazilian Amazon. Our findings show the degree of potential urbanisation occurring in the gut microbiome of rural Amazonian communities characterised by the gradual loss and substitution of taxa associated with rural lifestyles, such as Treponema. Comparisons to worldwide populations indicated that Native American groups are similar to South American agricultural societies and urban groups are comparable to African urban and semi-urban populations. The transitioning profile observed among traditional populations is concerning in light of increasingly urban lifestyles. Lastly, we propose the term “tropical urban” to classify the microbiome of urban populations living in tropical zones.

Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND

1. 4.

   FastTree 2 – Approximately Maximum-Likelihood Trees for Large Alignments · 2010

2. 5.

   phyloseq: An R Package for Reproducible Interactive Analysis and Graphics of Microbiome Census Data · 2013

3. 6.

   Subsistence strategies in traditional societies distinguish gut microbiomes · 2015

4. 9.

   Seasonal Variation in Human Gut Microbiome Composition · 2014

5. 11.

   Inferring Correlation Networks from Genomic Survey Data · 2012

6. 14.
   Corrected

   The Influence of Age and Sex on Genetic Associations with Adult Body Size and Shape: A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Interaction Study · 2015

7. 15.

   Variation in Rural African Gut Microbiota Is Strongly Correlated with Colonization by Entamoeba and Subsistence · 2015

8. 19.

   The healthy human microbiome · 2016

9. 26.

   Diet, Environments, and Gut Microbiota. A Preliminary Investigation in Children Living in Rural and Urban Burkina Faso and Italy · 2017

10. 35.

    The Controversial Role of Human Gut Lachnospiraceae · 2020

11. 37.

    Ethnicity influences the gut microbiota of individuals sharing a geographical location: a cross-sectional study from a middle-income country · 2021

28 more references, whose wording the paper’s licence keeps private.

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.