Twisted photons: new quantum perspectives in high dimensions

Abstract

Twisted photons can be used as alphabets to encode information beyond one bit per single photon. This ability offers great potential for quantum information tasks, as well as for the investigation of fundamental questions. In this review article, we give a brief overview of the theoretical differences between qubits and higher dimensional systems, qudits, in different quantum information scenarios. We then describe recent experimental developments in this field over the past three years. Finally, we summarize some important experimental and theoretical questions that might be beneficial to understand better in the near future.

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     Gregg P, Kristensen P, Ramachandran S. Conservation of orbital angular momentum in air-core optical fibers. Optica 2015; 2: 267–270.

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     Huang H, Milione G, Lavery MPJ, Xie G, Ren Y et al. Mode division multiplexing using an orbital angular momentum mode sorter and MIMO-DSP over a graded-index few-mode optical fibre. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 14931.

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     Carpenter J, Eggleton BJ, Schröder J. Observation of Eisenbud—Wigner—Smith states as principal modes in multimode fibre. Nat Photonics 2015; 9: 751–757.

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     Wang A, Zhu L, Chen S, Du C, Mo Q et al. Characterization of LDPC-coded orbital angular momentum modes transmission and multiplexing over a 50-km fiber. Opt Express 2016; 24: 11716–11726.

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     Liao S-K, Cai W-Q, Liu W-Y, Zhang L, Li Y et al. Satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution. Nature 2017; 549: 43–47.

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     Karimi E, Giovannini D, Bolduc E, Bent N, Miatto FM et al. Exploring the quantum nature of the radial degree of freedom of a photon via Hong-Ou-Mandel interference. Phys Rev A 2014; 89: 013829–0138355.

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     Krenn M, Huber M, Fickler R, Lapkiewicz R, Ramelow S et al. Generation and confirmation of a (100 × 100)-dimensional entangled quantum system. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014; 111: 6243–6247.

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     Restuccia S, Giovannini D, Gibson G, Padgett M. Comparing the information capacity of Laguerre—Gaussian and Hermite—Gaussian modal sets in a finite-aperture system. Opt Express 2016; 24: 27127–27136.

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     McLaren M, Mhlanga T, Padgett MJ, Roux FS, Forbes A. Self-healing of quantum entanglement after an obstruction. Nat Commun 2014; 5: 3248.

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     Krenn M, Fickler R, Huber M, Lapkiewicz R, Plick W et al. Entangled singularity patterns of photons in Ince-Gauss modes. Phys Rev A 2013; 87: 012326.

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     Siviloglou GA, Broky J, Dogariu A, Christodoulides DN. Observation of accelerating Airy beams. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99: 213901.

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     Duan L-M, Lukin M, Cirac I, Zoller P. Long-distance quantum communication with atomic ensembles and linear optics. Nature 2001; 414: 413–418.

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     Huber M, Perarnau-Llobet M, de Vicente JI. Entropy vector formalism and the structure of multidimensional entanglement in multipartite systems. Phys Rev A 2013; 88: 042328–042337.

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     Goyeneche D, Bielawski J, Z yczkowski K. Multipartite entanglement in heterogeneous systems. Phys Rev A 2016; 94: 012346.

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Cited by papers we hold 3

• Towards higher-dimensional structured light · 2022
  No notice
• Shaping caustics into propagation-invariant light · 2020
  Not checked
• Optical vortices 30 years on: OAM manipulation from topological charge to multiple singularities · 2019
  No notice

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