Acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis: Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) and International Club of Ascites (ICA) joint multidisciplinary consensus meeting

Abstract

Patients with cirrhosis are prone to developing acute kidney injury (AKI), a complication associated with a markedly increased in-hospital morbidity and mortality, along with a risk of progression to chronic kidney disease. Whereas patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of developing any phenotype of AKI, hepatorenal syndrome (HRS), a specific form of AKI (HRS-AKI) in patients with advanced cirrhosis and ascites, carries an especially high mortality risk. Early recognition of HRS-AKI is crucial since administration of splanchnic vasoconstrictors may reverse the AKI and serve as a bridge to liver transplantation, the only curative option. In 2023, a joint meeting of the International Club of Ascites (ICA) and the Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) was convened to develop new diagnostic criteria for HRS-AKI, to provide graded recommendations for the work-up, management and post-discharge follow-up of patients with cirrhosis and AKI, and to highlight priorities for further research.

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     Not in our library10.1002/hep.510240527

106. 106.

     Wadei HM, Heckman MG, Rawal B, Renal outcomes of liver transplant recipients who had pretransplant kidney biopsy. Transplantation 2014;98(12):1323–1330. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1097/tp.0000000000000215

107. 107.

     Corapi KM, Chen JL, Balk EM, Gordon CE. Bleeding complications of native kidney biopsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2012;60(1):62–73. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1053/j.ajkd.2012.02.330

108. 108.

     Calmus Y, Conti F, Cluzel P, Prospective assessment of renal histopathological lesions in patients with end-stage liver disease: effects on long-term renal function after liver transplantation. J Hepatol 2012;57(3):572–576..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2012.04.028

109. 109.
     Fluid accumulation, recognition and staging of acute kidney injury in critically-ill patients · 2010

     No notice
110. 110.

     Verna EC, Connelly C, Dove LM, Center-related bias in MELD scores within a liver transplant UNOS region: a call for standardization. Transplantation 2020;104(7):1396–1402..

     Not in our library10.1097/tp.0000000000003031

111. 111.

     Maiwall R, Kumar A, Bhardwaj A, Cystatin C predicts acute kidney injury and mortality in cirrhotics: a prospective cohort study. Liver Int 2018;38(4):654–664..

     Not in our library10.1111/liv.13600

112. 112.

     Markwardt D, Holdt L, Steib C, Plasma cystatin C is a predictor of renal dysfunction, acute-on-chronic liver failure, and mortality in patients with acutely decompensated liver cirrhosis. Hepatology 2017;66(4):1232–1241..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.29290

113. 113.

     Slack AJ, McPhail MJ, Ostermann M, Predicting the development of acute kidney injury in liver cirrhosis–an analysis of glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria and kidney injury biomarkers. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013;37(10):989–997. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1111/apt.12299

114. 114.

     Wan ZH, Wang JJ, You SL, Cystatin C is a biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. World J Gastroenterol 2013;19(48):9432–9438. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.3748/wjg.v19.i48.9432

115. 115.

     Jaques DA, Spahr L, Berra G, Biomarkers for acute kidney injury in decompensated cirrhosis: a prospective study. Nephrology (Carlton) 2019;24(2):170–180..

     Not in our library10.1111/nep.13226

116. 116.

     Barreto EF, Rule AD, Murad MH, Prediction of the renal elimination of drugs with cystatin C vs creatinine: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc 2019;94(3):500–514..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.mayocp.2018.08.002

117. 117.

     Singapura P, Ma TW, Sarmast N, Estimating glomerular filtration rate in cirrhosis using creatinine-based and cystatin C-based equations: systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Transpl 2021;27(11):1538–1552..

     Not in our library10.1002/lt.26216

118. 118.

     Francoz C, Nadim MK, Baron A, Glomerular filtration rate equations for liver-kidney transplantation in patients with cirrhosis: validation of current recommendations. Hepatology 2014;59(4):1514–1521..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.26704

119. 119.

     Delgado C, Baweja M, Crews DC, A unifying approach for GFR estimation: recommendations of the NKF-ASN task force on reassessing the inclusion of race in diagnosing kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021;32(12):2994–3015..

     Not in our library10.1681/asn.2021070988

120. 120.

     Kalafateli M, Wickham F, Burniston M, Development and validation of a mathematical equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate in cirrhosis: the royal free hospital cirrhosis glomerular filtration rate. Hepatology 2017;65(2):582–591. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.28891

121. 121.

     Mindikoglu AL, Dowling TC, Magder LS, Estimation of glomerular filtration rate in patients with cirrhosis by using new and conventional filtration markers and dimethylarginines. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;14(4):624–632.. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/j.cgh.2015.06.021.e2

122. 122.

     Asrani SK, Jennings LW, Trotter JF, A model for glomerular filtration rate assessment in liver disease (GRAIL) in the presence of renal dysfunction. Hepatology 2019;69(3):1219–1230..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30321

123. 123.

     Inker LA, Eneanya ND, Coresh J, New creatinine- and cystatin C-based equations to estimate GFR without race. N Engl J Med 2021;385(19):1737–1749. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa2102953

124. 124.

     Panchal S, Serper M, Bittermann T, Impact of race-adjusted glomerular filtration rate estimation on eligibility for simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation. Liver Transpl 2022;28(6):959–968..

     Not in our library10.1002/lt.26310

125. 125.

     Proulx NL, Akbari A, Garg AX, Measured creatinine clearance from timed urine collections substantially overestimates glomerular filtration rate in patients with liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transpl 2005;20(8):1617–1622..

     Not in our library10.1093/ndt/gfh839

126. 126.

     Selistre L, de Souza V, Nicola C, Average creatinine-urea clearance: revival of an old analytical technique? Clin Kidney J 2023;16(8):1298–1306..

     Not in our library10.1093/ckj/sfad050

127. 127.

     Murray PT, Mehta RL, Shaw A, Potential use of biomarkers in acute kidney injury: report and summary of recommendations from the 10th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative consensus conference. Kidney Int 2014;85(3):513–521..

     Not in our library10.1038/ki.2013.374

128. 128.

     Treeprasertsuk S, Wongkarnjana A, Jaruvongvanich V, Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin: a diagnostic and prognostic marker for acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized cirrhotic patients with AKI-prone conditions. BMC Gastroenterol 2015;15:140..

     Not in our library10.1186/s12876-015-0372-5

129. 129.

     Lima C, Gorab DL, Fernandes CR, Role of proenkephalin in the diagnosis of severe and subclinical acute kidney injury during the perioperative period of liver transplantation. Pract Lab Med 2022;31:e00278..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00278

130. 130.

     Jo SK, Yang J, Hwang SM, Role of biomarkers as predictors of acute kidney injury and mortality in decompensated cirrhosis. Sci Rep 2019;9(1): 14508..

     Not in our library10.1038/s41598-019-51053-8

131. 131.

     Cruz DN, Bagshaw SM, Maisel A, Use of biomarkers to assess prognosis and guide management of patients with acute kidney injury. Contrib Nephrol 2013;182:45–64..

     Not in our library10.1159/000349965

132. 132.

     McCullough PA, Shaw AD, Haase M, Diagnosis of acute kidney injury using functional and injury biomarkers: workgroup statements from the tenth Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Consensus Conference. Contrib Nephrol 2013;182:13–29..

     Not in our library10.1159/000349963

133. 133.

     Asrani SK, Shankar N, da Graca B, Role of novel kidney biomarkers in patients with cirrhosis and after liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2022;28(3):466–482..

     Not in our library10.1002/lt.26344

134. 134.

     Juanola A, Ma AT, Pose E, Gines P. Novel biomarkers of AKI in cirrhosis. Semin Liver Dis 2022;42(4):489–500..

     Not in our library10.1055/a-1954-4136

135. 135.

     Belcher JM, Garcia-Tsao G, Sanyal AJ, Urinary biomarkers and progression of AKI in patients with cirrhosis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2014;9(11):1857–1867..

     Not in our library10.2215/cjn.09430913

136. 136.

     Gambino C, Piano S, Stenico M, Diagnostic and prognostic performance of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury. Hepatology 2023;77(5):1630–1638. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.32799

137. 137.

     Fagundes C, Pepin MN, Guevara M, Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as biomarker in the differential diagnosis of impairment of kidney function in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2012;57(2):267–273..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2012.03.015

138. 138.

     Lei L, Li LP, Zeng Z, Value of urinary KIM-1 and NGAL combined with serum Cys C for predicting acute kidney injury secondary to decompensated cirrhosis. Sci Rep 2018;8(1):7962..

     Not in our library10.1038/s41598-018-26226-6

139. 139.

     Finfer S, Bellomo R, Boyce N, A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 2004;350(22):2247–2256..

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa040232

140. 140.

     Caironi P, Tognoni G, Masson S, Albumin replacement in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. N Engl J Med 2014;370(15):1412–1421..

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa1305727

141. 141.

     Alcaraz-Quiles J, Casulleras M, Oettl K, Oxidized albumin triggers a cytokine storm in leukocytes through P38 mitogen-activated Protein kinase: role in systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2018;68(5):1937–1952..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30135

142. 142.

     Arroyo V, Garcia-Martinez R, Salvatella X. Human serum albumin, systemic inflammation, and cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014;61(2):396–407..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.012

143. 143.

     Maiwall R, Kumar A, Pasupuleti SSR, A randomized-controlled trial comparing 20% albumin to plasmalyte in patients with cirrhosis and sepsis-induced hypotension [ALPS trial]. J Hepatol 2022;77(3):670–682. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2022.03.043

144. 144.

     Philips CA, Maiwall R, Sharma MK, Comparison of 5% human albumin and normal saline for fluid resuscitation in sepsis induced hypotension among patients with cirrhosis (FRISC study): a randomized controlled trial. Hepatol Int 2021;15(4):983–994. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1007/s12072-021-10164-z

145. 145.

     Umgelter A, Reindl W, Wagner KS, Effects of plasma expansion with albumin and paracentesis on haemodynamics and kidney function in critically ill cirrhotic patients with tense ascites and hepatorenal syndrome: a prospective uncontrolled trial. Crit Care 2008;12(1):R4. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1186/cc6765

146. 146.

     Umgelter A, Reindl W, Franzen M, Renal resistive index and renal function before and after paracentesis in patients with hepatorenal syndrome and tense ascites. Intensive Care Med 2009;35(1):152–156..

     Not in our library10.1007/s00134-008-1253-y

147. 147.

     Pozzi M, Osculati G, Boari G, Time course of circulatory and humoral effects of rapid total paracentesis in cirrhotic patients with tense, refractory ascites. Gastroenterology 1994;106(3):709–719..

     Not in our library10.1016/0016-5085(94)90706-4

148. 148.

     Seethapathy H, Sharma S, Zhao S, Acute kidney injury following paracentesis among inpatients with cirrhosis. Kidney Int Rep 2020;5(8):1305–1308. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ekir.2020.05.014

149. 149.

     Ginés P, Arroyo V, Quintero E, Comparison of paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology 1987;93(2):234–241. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/0016-5085(87)91007-9

150. 150.

     Gaudry S, Hajage D, Schortgen F, Initiation strategies for renal-replacement therapy in the intensive care unit. N Engl J Med 2016;375(2):122–133. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa1603017

151. 151.

     Barbar SD, Clere-Jehl R, Bourredjem A, Timing of renal-replacement therapy in patients with acute kidney injury and sepsis. N Engl J Med 2018;379(15):1431–1442. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa1803213

152. 152.

     Wald R, Bagshaw SM. Timing of initiation of renal-replacement therapy in acute kidney injury. Reply N Engl J Med 2020;383(18):1797–1798. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmc2027489

153. 153.

     Bouchard J, Mehta RL. Timing of kidney support therapy in acute kidney injury: what are we waiting for? Am J Kidney Dis 2022;79(3):417–426..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.07.014

154. 154.

     Ostermann M, Joannidis M, Pani A, Patient selection and timing of continuous renal replacement therapy. Blood Purif 2016;42(3):224–237..

     Not in our library10.1159/000448506

155. 155.

     Rosner MH, Ostermann M, Murugan R, Indications and management of mechanical fluid removal in critical illness. Br J Anaesth 2014;113(5):764–771..

     Not in our library10.1093/bja/aeu297

156. 156.

     Nadim MK, DiNorcia J, Ji L, Inequity in organ allocation for patients awaiting liver transplantation: rationale for uncapping the model for end-stage liver disease. J Hepatol 2017;67(3):517–525..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2017.04.022

157. 157.

     Scherer JS, Holley JL. The role of time-limited trials in dialysis decision making in critically ill patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2016;11(2):344–353. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.2215/cjn.03550315

158. 158.

     Braun HJ, Mello A, Kothari R, Expedited evaluation for liver transplantation: a critical look at processes and outcomes. Clin Transpl 2022;36(3):e14539..

     Not in our library10.1111/ctr.14539

159. 159.

     Dong V, Nadim MK, Karvellas CJ. Post-liver transplant acute kidney injury. Liver Transpl 2021;27(11):1653–1664..

     Not in our library10.1002/lt.26094

160. 160.

     Nadim MK, Sung RS, Davis CL, Simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation summit: current state and future directions. Am J Transpl 2012;12(11):2901–2908..

     Not in our library10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04190.x

161. 161.

     Levitsky J, Baker T, Ahya SN, Outcomes and native renal recovery following simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation. Am J Transpl 2012;12(11):2949–2957..

     Not in our library10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04182.x

162. 162.

     U.S. Department of Health & Human Services: organ procurement and transplantation network data. Available at: https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data.

     Not in our library

163. 163.

     Nadim MK, Genyk YS, Tokin C, Impact of the etiology of acute kidney injury on outcomes following liver transplantation: acute tubular necrosis versus hepatorenal syndrome. Liver Transpl 2012;18(5):539–548..

     Not in our library10.1002/lt.23384

164. 164.

     Levitsky J, Asrani SK, Klintmalm G, Discovery and validation of a biomarker model (PRESERVE) predictive of renal outcomes after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2020;71(5):1775–1786..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30939

165. 165.

     Levitsky J, Asrani SK, Abecassis M, External validation of a pretransplant biomarker model (REVERSE) predictive of renal recovery after liver transplantation. Hepatology 2019;70(4):1349–1359..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30667

166. 166.

     Dodge JL, Lee BT, Kassem ACZ, The conundrum of patients with compensated cirrhosis requiring kidney transplantation; kidney alone or simultaneous liver kidney transplantation. Transplantation 2023;107(2):429–437..

     Not in our library10.1097/tp.0000000000004311

167. 167.

     Allegretti AS, Ortiz G, Cui J, Changes in kidney function after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts versus large-volume paracentesis in cirrhosis: a matched cohort analysis.. The Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation Am J Kidney Dis 2016. S0272-S6386(16)00211–0 [pii].

     Not in our library10.1053/j.ajkd.2016.02.041

168. 168.

     Charilaou P, Devani K, Petrosyan R, Inpatient mortality benefit with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for hospitalized hepatorenal syndrome patients. Dig Dis Sci 2020;65(11):3378–3388..

     Not in our library10.1007/s10620-020-06136-2

169. 169.

     Ponzo P, Campion D, Rizzo M, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in cirrhotic patients with hepatorenal syndrome - chronic kidney disease: impact on renal function. Dig Liver Dis 2022;54(8):1101–1108..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.dld.2021.09.008

170. 170.

     Song T, Rossle M, He F, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for hepatorenal syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Liver Dis 2018;50(4):323–330..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.dld.2018.01.123

171. 171.

     Guevara M, Gines P, Bandi JC, Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in hepatorenal syndrome: effects on renal function and vasoactive systems. Hepatology 1998;28(2):416–422..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.510280219

172. 172.

     Ripoll C, Platzer S, Franken P, Liver-HERO: hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) treatment with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with cirrhosis-a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2023;24(1):258..

     Not in our library10.1186/s13063-023-07261-9

173. 173.
     Meta-analysis of individual patient data of albumin dialysis in acute-on-chronic liver failure: focus on treatment intensity · 2019

     Not checked
174. 174.

     Kribben A, Gerken G, Haag S, Effects of fractionated plasma separation and adsorption on survival in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Gastroenterology 2012;142(4):782–789 e3..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.gastro.2011.12.056

175. 175.

     Niewinski G, Raszeja-Wyszomirska J, Hrenczuk M, Intermittent high-flux albumin dialysis with continuous venovenous hemodialysis for acute-on-chronic liver failure and acute kidney injury. Artif Organs 2020;44(1):91–99..

     Not in our library10.1111/aor.13532

176. 176.

     Agarwal B, Canizares RB, Saliba F, Randomized, controlled clinical trial of the DIALIVE liver dialysis device versus standard of care in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. J Hepatol 2023;79(1):79–92..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.013

177. 177.

     Popescu M, David C, Marcu A, Artificial liver support with CytoSorb and MARS in liver failure: a retrospective propensity matched analysis. J Clin Med 2023;12(6)..

     Not in our library10.3390/jcm12062258

178. 178.

     Cavallin M, Piano S, Romano A, Terlipressin given by continuous intravenous infusion versus intravenous boluses in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: a randomized controlled study. Hepatology 2016;63(3):983–992. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.28396

179. 179.

     Facciorusso A, Chandar AK, Murad MH, Comparative efficacy of pharmacological strategies for management of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;2(2):94–102..

     Not in our library10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30157-1

180. 180.

     Pitre T, Kiflen M, Helmeczi W, The comparative effectiveness of vasoactive treatments for hepatorenal syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2022;50(10):1419–1429..

     Not in our library10.1097/ccm.0000000000005595

181. 181.

     Best LM, Freeman SC, Sutton AJ, Treatment for hepatorenal syndrome in people with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;9(9):CD013103..

     Not in our library10.1002/14651858.cd013103.pub2

182. 182.

     Arora V, Maiwall R, Rajan V, Terlipressin is superior to noradrenaline in the management of acute kidney injury in acute on chronic liver failure. Hepatology 2020;71(2):600–610..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30208

183. 183.

     Cavallin M, Kamath PS, Merli M, Terlipressin plus albumin versus midodrine and octreotide plus albumin in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: a randomized trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md) 2015;62(2):567–574..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.27709

184. 184.

     El-Desoki Mahmoud EI, Abdelaziz DH, Abd-Elsalam S, Norepinephrine is more effective than midodrine/octreotide in patients with hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury: a randomized controlled trial. Front Pharmacol 2021;12:675948..

     Not in our library10.3389/fphar.2021.675948

185. 185.

     Velez JCQ, Karakala N, Tayebi K, Responsiveness to vasoconstrictor therapy in hepatorenal syndrome type 1. Kidney360 2023;4(4):e448–e456..

     Not in our library10.34067/kid.0000000000000068

186. 186.

     Velez JC, Kadian M, Taburyanskaya M, Hepatorenal acute kidney injury and the importance of raising mean arterial pressure. Nephron 2015;131(3):191–201. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1159/000441151

187. 187.

     Moore K, Jamil K, Verleger K, Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes using terlipressin in 203 patients with the hepatorenal syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2020..

     Not in our library10.1111/apt.15836

188. 188.

     Maddukuri G, Cai CX, Munigala S, Targeting an early and substantial increase in mean arterial pressure is critical in the management of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome: a combined retrospective and pilot study. Dig Dis Sci 2014;59(2):471–481..

     Not in our library10.1007/s10620-013-2899-z

189. 189.

     Sanyal AJ, Boyer T, Garcia-Tsao G, A randomized, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of terlipressin for type 1 hepatorenal syndrome. Gastroenterology 2008;134(5):1360–1368..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.014

190. 190.

     Martín-Llahí M, Pépin MN, Guevara M, Terlipressin and albumin vs albumin in patients with cirrhosis and hepatorenal syndrome: a randomized study. Gastroenterology 2008;134(5):1352–1359. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.024

191. 191.

     Boyer TD, Sanyal AJ, Wong F, Terlipressin plus albumin is more effective than albumin alone in improving renal function in patients with cirrhosis and hepatorenal syndrome type 1. Gastroenterology 2016;150(7):1579–1589 e2..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.026

192. 192.

     Wong F, Pappas SC, Curry MP, Terlipressin plus albumin for the treatment of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome. N Engl J Med 2021;384(9):818–828. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1056/nejmoa2008290

193. 193.

     Pichler RH, Swenson ER, Leary PJ, Terlipressin: hopes fulfilled or dashed? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2022;17(1):140–142..

     Not in our library10.2215/cjn.06710521

194. 194.

     Allegretti AS, Subramanian RM, Francoz C, Respiratory events with terlipressin and albumin in hepatorenal syndrome: a review and clinical guidance. Liver Int 2022;42(10):2124–2130. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1111/liv.15367

195. 195.

     Piano S, Gambino C, Vettore E, Response to terlipressin and albumin is associated with improved liver transplant outcomes in patients with hepatorenal syndrome. Hepatology 2021;73(5):1909–1919. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.31529

196. 196.

     Angeli P, Gines P. Hepatorenal syndrome, MELD score and liver transplantation: an evolving issue with relevant implications for clinical practice. J Hepatol 2012;57(5):1135–1140. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2012.06.024

197. 197.

     Kellum JA, Sileanu FE, Bihorac A, Recovery after acute kidney injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017;195(6):784–791. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1164/rccm.201604-0799oc

198. 198.

     Siew ED, Parr SK, Abdel-Kader K, Predictors of recurrent AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016;27(4):1190–1200..

     Not in our library10.1681/asn.2014121218

199. 199.

     Harel Z, Wald R, Bargman JM, Nephrologist follow-up improves all-cause mortality of severe acute kidney injury survivors. Kidney Int 2013;83(5):901–908. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1038/ki.2012.451

200. 200.

     Ly H, Ortiz-Soriano V, Liu LJ, Characteristics and outcomes of survivors of critical illness and acute kidney injury followed in a pilot acute kidney injury clinic. Kidney Int Rep 2021;6(12):3070–3073..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ekir.2021.08.017

201. 201.

     Singh G, Hu Y, Jacobs S, Post-discharge mortality and rehospitalization among participants in a comprehensive acute kidney injury rehabilitation program. Kidney360 2021;2(9):1424–1433..

     Not in our library10.34067/kid.0003672021

202. 202.

     See EJ, Jayasinghe K, Glassford N, Long-term risk of adverse outcomes after acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies using consensus definitions of exposure. Kidney Int 2019;95(1):160–172..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.kint.2018.08.036

203. 203.

     Mindikoglu AL, Hernaez R, Liu Y, Renal trajectory patterns are associated with postdischarge mortality in patients with cirrhosis and acute kidney injury. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;18(8):1858–1866 e6..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.cgh.2019.11.035

204. 204.

     Bajaj JS, Reddy KR, Tandon P, The 3-month readmission rate remains unacceptably high in a large North American cohort of patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2016;64(1):200–208..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.28414

205. 205.

     de Franchis R, Bosch J, Garcia-Tsao G, Baveno VII - renewing consensus in portal hypertension. J Hepatol 2022;76(4):959–974. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2021.12.022

206. 206.

     Gharaibeh KA, Hamadah AM, El-Zoghby ZM, Cystatin C predicts renal recovery earlier than creatinine among patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int Rep 2018;3(2):337–342..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.ekir.2017.10.012

207. 207.

     Torre A, Aguirre-Valadez JM, Arreola-Guerra JM, Creatinine versus cystatin C for estimating GFR in patients with liver cirrhosis. Am J Kidney Dis 2016;67(2):342–344..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.09.022

208. 208.

     Ahn HS, Kim YS, Kim SG, Cystatin C is a good predictor of hepatorenal syndrome and survival in patients with cirrhosis who have normal serum creatinine levels. Hepatogastroenterology 2012;59(116):1168–1173..

     Not in our library10.5754/hge11616

209. 209.

     Hsu CY, Hsu RK, Liu KD, Impact of AKI on urinary Protein excretion: analysis of two prospective cohorts. J Am Soc Nephrol 2019;30(7):1271–1281..

     Not in our library10.1681/asn.2018101036

210. 210.

     Watson KE, Dhaliwal K, Robertshaw S, Consensus recommendations for sick day medication guidance for people with diabetes, kidney, or cardiovascular disease: a modified Delphi process. Am J Kidney Dis 2023;81(5):564–574..

     Not in our library10.1053/j.ajkd.2022.10.012

211. 211.

     Volk ML, Fisher N, Fontana RJ. Patient knowledge about disease self-management in cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 2013;108(3):302–305..

     Not in our library10.1038/ajg.2012.214

212. 212.

     Tandon P, Montano-Loza AJ, Lai JC, Sarcopenia and frailty in decompensated cirrhosis.. Suppl 1 J Hepatol 2021;75(Suppl 1):S147–S162..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2021.01.025

213. 213.

     Tandon P, Zanetto A, Piano S, Liver transplantation in the patient with physical frailty. J Hepatol 2023;78(6):1105–1117..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.025

214. 214.

     Roth K, Lynn J, Zhong Z, Dying with end stage liver disease with cirrhosis: insights from SUPPORT. Study to understand prognoses and preferences for outcomes and risks of treatment. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000;48(S1):S122–S130. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10809465.

     Not in our library

215. 215.

     Tandon P, Walling A, Patton H, AGA clinical practice update on palliative care management in cirrhosis: expert review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021;19(4):646–656 e3..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.cgh.2020.11.027

216. 216.

     Rogal SS, Hansen L, Patel A, AASLD Practice Guidance: palliative care and symptom-based management in decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2022;76(3):819–853..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.32378

217. 217.

     Esteban JPG, Rein L, Szabo A, Attitudes of liver and palliative care clinicians toward specialist palliative care consultation for patients with end-stage liver disease. J Palliat Med 2019;22(7):804–813..

     Not in our library10.1089/jpm.2018.0553

218. 218.

     Kavalieratos D, Corbelli J, Zhang D, Association between palliative care and patient and caregiver outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 2016;316(20):2104–2114..

     Not in our library10.1001/jama.2016.16840

219. 219.

     Claude C, Deep A, Kneyber M, pCLIF-SOFA is a reliable outcome prognostication score of critically ill children with cirrhosis: an ESPNIC multicentre study. Ann Intensive Care 2020;10(1):137..

     Not in our library10.1186/s13613-020-00753-w

220. 220.

     Deep A, Saxena R, Jose B. Acute kidney injury in children with chronic liver disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2019;34(1):45–59..

     Not in our library10.1007/s00467-018-3893-7

221. 221.

     Vijay P, Lal BB, Sood V, Cystatin C: best biomarker for acute kidney injury and estimation of glomerular filtration rate in childhood cirrhosis. Eur J Pediatr 2021;180(11):3287–3295..

     Not in our library10.1007/s00431-021-04076-1

222. 222.

     Saxena R, Anand A, Deep A. Use of terlipressin in critically ill children with liver disease. BMC Nephrol 2020;21(1):360..

     Not in our library10.1186/s12882-020-01914-6

223. 223.

     Gorgis NM, Kennedy C, Lam F, Clinical consequences of cardiomyopathy in children with biliary atresia requiring liver transplantation. Hepatology 2019;69(3):1206–1218..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.30204

224. 224.

     Virk MK, Mian MUM, Bashir DA, Elevated bile acids are associated with left ventricular structural changes in biliary atresia. Hepatol Commun 2023;7(5)..

     Not in our library10.1097/hc9.0000000000000109

225. 225.

     Ul Abideen Z, Mahmud SN, Salih M, Contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients with liver cirrhosis: a retrospective analysis. Cureus 2018;10(5):e2707. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.7759/cureus.2707

226. 226.

     Filomia R, Maimone S, Caccamo G, Acute kidney injury in cirrhotic patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016;95(38):e4836..

     Not in our library10.1097/md.0000000000004836

227. 227.

     Campion D, Ponzo P, Risso A, A prospective, multicenter, three-cohort study evaluating contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2023..

     Not in our library10.1016/j.jhep.2023.10.010

228. 228.

     Guevara M, Fernandez-Esparrach G, Alessandria C, Effects of contrast media on renal function in patients with cirrhosis: a prospective study. Hepatology 2004;40(3):646–651..

     Not in our library10.1002/hep.20373

229. 229.

     Lodhia N, Kader M, Mayes T, Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15(12):1459–1464. (In eng).

     Not in our library10.3748/wjg.15.1459

230. 230.

     Tergast TL, Schulte B, Griemsmann M, Application of CT contrast medium is not associated with an increased risk for acute kidney injury in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2023;57(1):136–145..

     Not in our library10.1111/apt.17289

231. 231.

     Schultz J, Andersen A, Lyhne MD, Terlipressin increases systemic and lowers pulmonary arterial pressure in experimental acute pulmonary embolism. Crit Care Med 2020;48(4):e308–e315..

     Not in our library10.1097/ccm.0000000000004243

232. 232.

     Altintas E, Akkus N, Gen R, Effects of terlipressin on systolic pulmonary artery pressure of patients with liver cirrhosis: an echocardio-graphic assessment. World J Gastroenterol 2004;10(15):2278–2280..

     Not in our library10.3748/wjg.v10.i15.2278

233. 233.

     Kalambokis GN, Pappas K, Tsianos EV. Differential effects of terlipressin on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis and pulmonary hypertension: an echo study. Angiology 2012;63(3):199–205..

     Not in our library10.1177/0003319711411704

234. 234.

     Abdelazziz MM, Abdelhamid HM. Terlipressin versus norepinephrine to prevent milrinone-induced systemic vascular hypotension in cardiac surgery patient with pulmonary hypertension. Ann Card Anaesth 2019;22(2):136–142..

     Not in our library10.4103/aca.aca_83_18

Reads

A person counts once a day per paper. We keep no cookie and no address: a reader is a hash that changes every day. Any month under five reads shows no number.