Cambio en la calidad de vida de médicos que ingresan a especialidad médico-quirúrgica en una universidad de Colombia: un estudio de cohorte
Paula Hernández Rodríguez, Rafael Peña Amaya, Alirio Bastidas Goyes and 1 more
Educación Médica · 2021
doi:10.1016/j.edumed.2020.09.006 (opens in a new tab)
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Abstract
Resumen: Introducción: No se conoce el cambio en la calidad de vida (CV) de médicos generales que ingresan a especialidad médico-quirúrgica en Colombia. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte prospectivo en médicos generales que iniciaron el primer año de residencia médico-quirúrgica durante 2016-2020. Se aplicó el instrumento WHOQOL-BREF (World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire) a seis, 12, 24 y 36 meses de seguimiento. Resultados: Se incluyó 239 residentes. A seis meses, el dominio con mayor cambio negativo es relaciones sociales. Salud física a los 12 y 24 meses y a 36 meses es el único que se acerca a su valor basal. El dominio menos afectado es salud psicológica a lo largo del estudio. Los cambios negativos son estadísticamente significativos (p < 0,05) en los cuatro dominios. El cambio negativo fue mayor en las especialidades médicas en la mayoría de los ámbitos evaluados y en residentes con ingresos económicos mensuales inferiores al punto de corte. Conclusión: Hay deterioro en la CV de médicos que ingresan a especialidades médico-quirúrgicas, que se mantiene a los seis, 12, 24 y 36 meses de seguimiento del estudio. Abstract: Introduction: In Colombia the change in the quality of life (QOL) of general physicians who enter a medical specialty is unknown. Methods: Prospective cohort study in general physicians who started the first year of specialty between 2016-2020. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument was applied, follow-up was performed at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months. Results: 239 residents were included. At 6 months, the domain with the greatest negative change is social relations. Physical health at 12 and 24 months and at 36 months is the only one that approaches its basal level. The least affected domain is psychological health throughout the study. The negative changes are statistically significant (p < 0.05) in the four domains. The negative change was greater in medical specialties in most of the areas evaluated and in residents with monthly income below the cut-off point. Conclusion: There is a spoilage in the QOL of physicians who enter medical surgical specialties that persist at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of study follow-up.
Abstract licence: CC BY-NC-ND
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