From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread

Abstract

The immense interindividual clinical variability during any infection is a long-standing enigma. Inborn errors of IFN-γ and IFN-α/β immunity underlying rare infections with weakly virulent mycobacteria and seasonal influenza virus have inspired studies of two common infections: tuberculosis and COVID-19. A TYK2 genotype impairing IFN-γ production accounts for about 1% of tuberculosis cases, and autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-α/β account for about 15% of critical COVID-19 cases. The discovery of inborn errors and mechanisms underlying rare infections drove the identification of common monogenic or autoimmune determinants of related common infections. This "rare-to-common" genetic and mechanistic approach to infectious diseases may be of heuristic value.

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Cited by papers we hold 3

• Human IRF1 governs macrophagic IFN-γ immunity to mycobacteria · 2023
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• Early cellular mechanisms of type I interferon-driven susceptibility to tuberculosis · 2023
  No notice
• Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia · 2022
  No notice

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