EMT and MET : necessary or permissive for metastasis?

Abstract

Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) and its reverse mesenchymal‐to‐epithelial transition ( MET ) have been suggested to play crucial roles in metastatic dissemination of carcinomas. These phenotypic transitions between states are not binary. Instead, carcinoma cells often exhibit a spectrum of epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype(s). While epithelial/mesenchymal plasticity has been observed preclinically and clinically, whether any of these phenotypic transitions are indispensable for metastatic outgrowth remains an unanswered question. Here, we focus on epithelial/mesenchymal plasticity in metastatic dissemination and propose alternative mechanisms for successful dissemination and metastases beyond the traditional EMT / MET view. We highlight multiple hypotheses that can help reconcile conflicting observations, and outline the next set of key questions that can offer valuable insights into mechanisms of metastasis in multiple tumor models.

Cited by papers we hold 16

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• The Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition at the Crossroads between Metabolism and Tumor Progression · 2022
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• Tumor metastasis: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic interventions · 2021
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• Vimentin Is at the Heart of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) Mediated Metastasis · 2021
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• A Potential Role of YAP/TAZ in the Interplay Between Metastasis and Metabolic Alterations · 2020
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• Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance · 2020
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• In primary airway epithelial cells, the unjamming transition is distinct from the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition · 2020
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• Fibronectin in Cancer: Friend or Foe · 2019
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• TGF-β-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Metastasis · 2019
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• Acute vs. Chronic vs. Cyclic Hypoxia: Their Differential Dynamics, Molecular Mechanisms, and Effects on Tumor Progression · 2019
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• Cancer-associated fibroblasts as abettors of tumor progression at the crossroads of EMT and therapy resistance · 2019
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• Extracellular Matrix Alterations in Metastatic Processes · 2019
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• The dualistic origin of human tumors · 2018
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• Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastasis under the Control of Transforming Growth Factor β · 2018
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• Colorectal cancer liver metastatic growth depends on PAD4-driven citrullination of the extracellular matrix · 2018
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